Commerce and Management
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Item Stock Market - Economic Growth Nexuses: Evidence from Asian Stock Markets(Department of Finance, University of Kelaniya., 2023) Wickramasinghe, N. T.; Deyshappriya, N. P. R.; Gunarathne, Y. M. C.Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between stock market development and economic growth in Asian countries focusing on causality direction. Methodology: The study based top 10 stock exchanges in the Asian region and the secondary data mainly collected from World Development Indicators of the World Bank over the period of 1990-2020. Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) Dynamic Panel analysis along with panel unit root and cointegration tests were employed to accomplish the objectives of the study. Findings: The cointegration test emphasizes the existence of long-term relationship between stock market development and economic growth while the GMM dynamic panel analysis confirms the positive relationship between stock market development and economic growth of top 10 stock exchanges in the Asian Region. Moreover, reverse causality which runs from economic growth to stock market development has also been confirmed by the GMM dynamic panel analysis. Consequently, bi-directional causality between stock market development and economic growth exists in the top 10 Asian stock exchanges confirming both Finance-Led Growth Hypothesis and Growth-Led Finance Hypothesis. Hence, stock market and growth-oriented policies are recommended to be implemented to optimize the mutual benefits. Originality: One of the key significances of the study is that the study has constructed a composite index to measure stock market development rather than rely on conventional measures.Item Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment and its impact on Economic Growth: Evidence from South Asian Association for Regional Corporation (SAARC) Countries(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya., 2019) Gunawardhana C. S.; Damayanthi N. M. M.It is argued that Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows benefits the recipient countries by providing capital, technology and long term foreign exchange and bridges savings and investment gap of the recipient country. Further, FDI provides an important role in achieving economic growth in the developing countries. This paper identifies the influential factors that determine FDI inflow in the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) Countries and empirically investigates the relationship between economic growth and FDI. Further, this study uses time series data from 1980 to 2018 and considered the size of the economy, economic growth, potential of the host market, economic stability, degree of openness, income level and institutional developments in the host country to identify influential factors to determinants of FDI. Analysis reveal that countries with larger Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate can successfully attract FDI and FDI on the other hand, significantly affect economic growth of a country. In addition, it was found that current account balance, financial deepening and trade openness significantly play a crucial role in determining the FDI flows into recipient countries.Item The Impact of Financial Inclusion on Economic Growth: Evidence From India(Department of Finance, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2025) Wijerathna, G. H. S.; Piyananda, S. D. P.Introduction: This paper discusses how financial inclusion has affected India's economic growth, considering its multi-dimensional aspects: Banking access, Banking Penetration, Use of banking Services, and financial stability. While there have been significant improvements, structural problems like low financial literacy, limited digital infrastructure, and regional imbalances impede broader financial inclusiveness. The objectives are to assess the role played by financial inclusion in fostering Economic development and identify ways the existing challenges can be overcome. Methodology: A quantitative approach was adopted, using time-series data from 2000 to 2023. Key variables of interest, including GDP growth, Access to banking Services, Banking Penetration, Use of banking Services, and financial stability indicators (Bank Z-Score, Non-performing loans) were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Correlation analysis, Regression analysis, and classical assumption testing. The results affirm that financial inclusion significantly influences economic growth by facilitating access to financial services and promoting equitable participation in economic activities in India. However, challenges such as high non-performing loans and inflation persist, underscoring the need for targeted policies. Findings: According to the results, FI has a statistically significant positive impact on economic growth. It has been observed that access and use of banking services are crucial drivers in ensuring equality in economic participation. There is still significant NPL and inflation, which pose an upward risk and necessitate very targeted intervention. It calls for more substantial digital financial inclusion, supported by higher levels of financial literacy, in terms of their reach and significance. Conclusion: It sums up that financial inclusion will play a very important factor in sustaining economic growth in India. It suggests increasing financial literacy among people, the use of digital banking facilities, the increase of Digital Financial infrastructures, and sound regulatory mechanisms for access to financial services by all. Due consideration of regional and demographic disabilities by policymakers and financial institutions is required for interventions appropriate to the context to elicit maximum benefits from financial inclusions.Item Analysing the Factors Affecting to Women’s Engagement in Sri Lankan Labor Force(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies University of Kelaniya., 2024-11-01) Nanayakkara, N. W. H. G. K. K.; Hewaarachchi, A. P.; Kavinga, H. W. B.; Wijebandara, W. A. C.Women's engagement in the workforce is a key factor in driving economic growth in Sri Lanka. Despite the country's advancements in recent years, women still face significant challenges that prevent them from fully participating in the workforce. The objective of this study is to explores the potential labor force of women in Sri Lanka and the factors affecting their participation, using data from the Labor Force Survey 2021. Analyzing data from 41,171 women out of 77,869 individuals using a binary logistic regression model, the study considered factors such as marital status, education level, age group, relationship to the head of the household, district, sector, ethnic group, religion, Sinhala literacy, and English literacy. The results showed that all the variables except for Religion, are statistically significant. Married and widowed women are less likely to participate in the labor force compared to never-married women, while separated and divorced women are more likely to participate. Women in districts like Nuwara Eliya, Kilinochchi, Kurunegala, Anuradhapura, Badulla, and Rathnapura have higher labor force participation rates. There is a notable gender gap in labor force participation, with males participating more actively than females; over half of the working-age female population remains economically inactive. Females constitute most of the unemployed demographic. Despite being more prevalent in urban and rural areas, labor force participation rates are higher in the estate sector. Most women abstain from job searches due to household responsibilities and education levels. Nearly half of discouraged women are concentrated in younger age groups, with 26% aged 25-34 and 21% aged 35-54. The study underscores the necessity of policy interventions to address barriers to women's labor market participation, especially in household duties and education, to enhance Sri Lanka's female workforce potential and contribute to its economic and social development.Item Stock Market Development and Economic Growth in Sri Lanka(4th International Conference for Accounting Researchers and Educators, Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Perera, K.A.H.; Madurapperuma, M.W.Stock market plays an important role on economic development and it promotes the economic growth and prospects of the economy. The main objective of this research was to identify the impact of Stock Market Development on the Economic Growth in Sri Lanka. Using data for the period from 2000 to 2017, this study employed ECM for long run relationship and for the short run dynamics. Market capitalization, Stock total traded value and turnover ratio and inflation were taken as independent variables; stock market development was taken as the dependent variable. The annual time series data were employed for the Sri Lanka economy for the period of 2000 – 2017. These data were collected from website of Colombo stock Exchange annual reports of Central Bank of Sri Lanka, Department of Census and Statistics of Sri Lanka web site. Multiple regression model and correlation analysis were used to analyze the data using E-views software. The findings of this study suggest a positive relationship between efficient stock market and economic growth both in short run and long run. The results are consistent with the theoretical predictionsItem Assessment of the Contribution & the Relationship between Foreign Direct Investment & Economic Growth in Sri Lanka.(8th International Conference on Business & Information ICBI – 2017, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Gunarathne, S. P.Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has been identified as an important determinant of economic growth in developing countries. Accordingly, this study intends to examine the relationship between FDI and economic growth in Sri Lanka over the period of 1977 – 2016 and to assess the contribution of FDI to the Sri Lankan economy. The hypothesized relationship between FDI and economic growth was tested using regression analysis. Findings revealed that there is an upward trend of FDI over the last 40 years and the relationship between FDI and economic growth rose strongly at the beginning of 21st century. In conclusion, it can be stated that FDI has positively contributed to the economic growth in Sri Lanka.Item The Role of Sri Lanka Diaspora Organizations in Australia in Promoting Economic Interests of the Home Country(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Abeywickrama, S.B.Trade between developing and developed countries has often benefitted from migrant associations. Emigrants have often formed diaspora organizations in their new countries of residence. This has often propelled effective and sustained bi-commercial mechanisms. In establishing such organizations, migrants have drawn recognition as remittance senders to their homelands as investors and movers of business capital. Common values in achieving business prosperity would have been prime movers for these organizations. Sri Lanka based organizations in Australia have also originated, it seems aiming at economic sustenance and commercial growth between the countries. However, these organizations operate, and their underlying policies have not been adequately investigated nor documented. This might be a maiden study in this regard and aims to better Sri Lanka – Australia relations.Item Effect of Government Debt on Gross Domestic Product: Evidence from Sri Lanka(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Silva, N.L.C.; Silva, N.K.L.; Perera, P.R.M.R.This paper investigates the relationship between government debt and gross domestic product (GDP) of Sri Lanka. Objective of this study is to find out the relationship between these two variables and the impact of government debt on economic growth. Data was collected from the annual reports of Central Bank of Sri Lanka, which has proven to be normally distributed. Correlation and Linear Regression model were used to ascertain the mentioned relationships. Data sample represents the annual time series data for a period of 15 years starting from 2000 to 2014. The results of the study is consistent with the Keynes view which proves that there is a positive impact of government debt on Gross Domestic Product.Item Relationship between Stock Market Performance & Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Sri Lanka(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Silva, N.K.L.; Perera, P.R.M.R.; Silva, N.L.C.In general, economic growth is an important factor which helps a country to become strong and prosper than the other nations in the world. Thus the attempt of this study is to identify the relationship between stock market performance and economic growth of Sri Lanka and to analyze how stock market performance affects the economic growth of Sri Lanka. Quarterly data is collected from Central Bank of Sri Lanka, Department of Census and Statistics of Sri Lanka, and Colombo Stock Exchange for a period of sixteen years from year 2000 to 2015 to follow the analysis where All Share Price Index representing the Stock Market Performance is the independent variable while Real Gross Domestic Product representing the Economic Growth is the dependent variable. Data set is proven to be normally distributed. Econometric technique of simple regression model and correlation analysis was used to analyze the data using SPSS software in order to identify and further explain the relationship between stock market performance and economic growth of Sri Lanka. Findings of the study is parallel with the previous literature that discloses a strong positive relationship between stock market performance and economic growth of Sri Lanka. This study extends the literature, providing valued information to economists in developing countries and to the academia.Item The Impact and Sustainability of Remittances on Sri Lanka’s Economic Development(Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, 2012) Bachama, Y.N.Workers’ remittances consist of goods or financial instruments transferred by migrants living and working abroad to residents of the home of the migrants. There is no doubt that workers’ remittances can spur economic development. Evidence abounds that workers’ remittances in many nations have helped in no small way in the development of the countries. The impact of remittances on development is both at the macro and micro level. Have remittances impacted on Sri Lanka’s economic development? Could the impact be sustained? And, for how long could it be sustained? The objective of this study is to find out the impact of remittances on economic development in Sri Lanka, and the sustainability or otherwise of the foreign capital inflow into Sri Lanka. Secondary data was collected and used for this study. The study confirmed that remittances have impacted positively on the economic growth and development of Sri Lanka at both macro and micro level, but the study found that sustaining such inflow of foreign capital may be hampered by growing resentment against foreign workers in many countries of the world, macroeconomic instability across nations that is becoming more frequent et cetera.