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Factors Influencing the Purchase Intention of Organic Food in Sri Lanka: The Moderating Role of Labels and Certifications
(Department of Marketing Management, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2025) Edirisinghe, G. D.; Udovita, P. V. M. V. D.
This study examines the factors influencing the purchase intention of organic food in Sri Lanka, focusing on the moderating role of labels and certifications. While global research highlights the importance of organic labels in consumer decision-making, Sri Lanka’s organic food market remains underdeveloped. This study investigates the impact of health consciousness, environmental consciousness, price sensitivity, and perceived quality on purchase intention, addressing the gap in understanding the role of certification systems in the Sri Lankan context.
A positivist research paradigm with a deductive approach was adopted. A structured questionnaire was administered to 356 organic food consumers across Sri Lanka using a convenience judgment sampling method. A linear regression model was used to assess the impact of the identified determinants on purchase intention. The study employed a cross-sectional design to capture consumer insights at a single point in time.
The results revealed significant positive relationships between purchase intention and environmental consciousness (β = 0.583, R² = 0.340, p < 0.001), health consciousness (β = 0.635, R² = 0.403, p < 0.001), price sensitivity (β = 0.546, R² = 0.298, p < 0.001), and perceived quality (β = 0.586, R² = 0.344, p < 0.001). Health consciousness had the strongest influence on purchase intention. Labels and certifications significantly moderated the relationships between these factors and purchase behavior (R² = 0.5798, p < 0.001), reinforcing their importance in enhancing consumer trust and decision-making.
The study relied on variables derived from existing literature, limiting the inclusion of uniquely Sri Lankan factors. Geographically, the research was concentrated in the Western and Southern Provinces, restricting generalizability to other regions. The exclusive use of quantitative methods also limited deeper qualitative insights into consumer perceptions.
This study provides actionable insights for marketers and policymakers to promote organic food adoption. Marketers should leverage labels and certifications to enhance consumer trust, highlight health benefits, and emphasize sustainability. Policymakers should strengthen national certification systems to align with international standards and introduce financial incentives for organic farmers to reduce production costs and improve market accessibility. Future research should explore regional variations and incorporate qualitative approaches for a more holistic understanding of consumer behavior.
Factors Influencing Students’ Intentions to Enroll in Private Educational Institutions in Sri Lanka
(Department of Marketing Management, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2025) Ruwanpathirana, S. R.; Bandara, B. S. S. U.
This study examines the factors influencing students’ intentions to enroll in private educational institutions in Sri Lanka, addressing the increasing demand for private education due to limited capacity in public institutions and rising competition. Understanding the key drivers of enrollment decisions is crucial for educational institutions to enhance their offerings and marketing strategies. The study explores location, price sensitivity, institutional reputation, traditional and digital advertising, recommendations, and learning facilities as determinants of enrollment intention, providing actionable insights for stakeholders in the private education sector.
A quantitative research methodology was employed, collecting data from 327 respondents aged 15 to 30 years through structured questionnaires. The sample represented a diverse demographic, encompassing both urban and rural regions of Sri Lanka. The study was guided by theoretical models, including the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), and Rational Choice Theory (RCT), to understand the decision-making processes influencing students' educational choices. Statistical techniques were used to test hypotheses and assess the relationships between independent variables (factors affecting enrollment) and the dependent variable (students' intention to enroll). Findings reveal that institutional reputation is a primary determinant of enrollment decisions, emphasizing perceived quality, alumni success, and brand recognition. Digital advertising, particularly targeted social media campaigns, significantly influences students’ choices, whereas traditional advertising methods have a lesser impact. Recommendations from alumni, peers, and educators play a crucial role, highlighting the importance of word-of-mouth marketing.
Location is a key consideration, with urban institutions being preferred due to proximity to job opportunities and modern facilities. Price sensitivity also significantly influences enrollment, with affordability and perceived value affecting decision-making. Financial aid and scholarships enhance students' willingness to enroll. Moreover, learning facilities, including modern classrooms, libraries, and extracurricular opportunities, positively correlate with enrollment intentions. These findings underscore the multifaceted nature of student enrollment decisions, revealing the interplay of economic, social, and institutional factors. To attract and retain students, private institutions must adopt a holistic approach, addressing both practical concerns and emotional drivers.
The study acknowledges several limitations. As research was conducted within Sri Lanka, findings may not be fully generalizable to other cultural, economic, and regulatory contexts. While the sample size is statistically valid, it represents a subset of the population, which may not capture the full diversity of enrollment intentions. Additionally, the study focuses solely on private institutions, leaving the public education sector unexplored. Furthermore, self-reported data may be subject to respondent biases, such as overstatement of certain factors due to social desirability. While seven key variables were examined, other potential influencers, such as parental influence and societal expectations, were not explored in depth. These limitations suggest the need for caution in generalizing findings while offering opportunities for future research. The implications of this study are significant for policymakers, private institutions, and researchers. Policymakers should focus on regulating private education to ensure equitable access and quality standards, potentially introducing tax incentives for scholarships and subsidies for private institutions. For private educational institutions, findings emphasize the importance of branding, digital marketing, and infrastructure development. Institutions should strengthen their online presence, leverage alumni networks, and adopt competitive pricing strategies. For researchers, this study serves as a foundation for further exploration into student enrollment intentions. Future research could adopt a comparative approach, analyzing public versus private institutions or expanding into international contexts. Longitudinal studies could provide deeper insights into how enrollment intentions evolve over time and in response to market dynamics.
Factors Influencing on Used Passenger Car Purchase Intention by Examining the Mediation of Perceived Value in Sri Lankan Used Vehicle Market
(Department of Marketing Management, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2025) Nirmani, M. W. T.; Gunawardane, W. A. D. N. R.
With the suspension of new car imports to Sri Lanka from 2020, there has been a significant transformation in the used vehicle market in Sri Lanka in the last decade. Therefore, understanding the factors influencing the used passenger car purchase intention of consumers will be very helpful for all organizations and businessmen involved in the used vehicle market in Sri Lanka to formulate effective strategies, the research's purpose is investigating the factors influencing on used passenger cars purchase intention in used vehicle market in Sri Lanka, focusing on the mediating role of perceived value.
This study adopted a positivist approach, focusing on quantitative methodology concerned with analysing relationships between variables, and collected primary data based on a sample of 398 respondents, utilising structured online questionnaires..
The results of the analysis show that among the independent variables, brand, price, design, technical consideration, etc., only the "technical consideration" variable has a weak relationship with perceived value. It has been confirmed that it is not a significant effect by accepting other hypotheses. Accordingly, this study has further shown that the variables brand, price, design, technical consideration, perceived value is all the most important in determining purchase intention. Not only that, the findings of this study have confirmed that the mediation of perceived value is also an important variable.This research has implications for theory as well as practice. From a theoretical perspective, it enriches the literature by elaborating on the mediating role of perceived value in the context of intention to purchase a used car. Practically, it gives actionable insights to automotive companies and leasing firms on strategic branding, competitive pricing, and innovative design for enhanced consumer value perception. In addition, it provides insight to used car dealers, online buying and selling vehicle platforms, customers, and new entrepreneurs.
Factors Influencing Gen-Z Consumers’ Purchase Intentions for Carbonated Soft Drinks: The Mediating Role of Attitudes Toward Sugar Labeling
(Department of Marketing Management, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2025) Geethanjana, R. S.; Bandara, B. S. S. U.
This study examines the factors influencing Gen-Z consumers’ purchase intentions for carbonated soft drinks in the Western Province of Sri Lanka, with a particular focus on the mediating effect of attitudes toward sugar labeling. Carbonated soft drinks are widely consumed globally, including in Sri Lanka, where they have become an integral part of daily consumption habits, particularly among young adults and adolescents. Gen-Z, a key target demographic for these products, continues to demonstrate high demand for carbonated soft drinks despite growing awareness of health risks associated with sugar consumption.
To mitigate these risks, the Sri Lankan government has mandated sugar labeling on carbonated beverages to enhance consumer awareness. However, a paradox exists where Gen-Z consumers, despite acknowledging health concerns, continue purchasing these drinks, indicating a discrepancy between health attitudes and actual behavior. This study investigates health consciousness, nutrition knowledge, general health interest, and awareness as independent variables, with purchase intention as the dependent variable, and attitudes toward sugar labeling as a mediating variable.
A deductive research approach was adopted, utilizing a conceptual model validated through a structured survey. The study developed nine hypotheses examining the relationships between key variables. A questionnaire with 26 items was distributed among Gen-Z consumers aged 16 to 27 years in the Western Province, yielding 390 valid responses. Data were analyzed to assess the significance of the proposed relationships.
Findings reveal that attitudes toward sugar labeling significantly mediate the relationship between health consciousness, nutrition knowledge, general health interest, and awareness with purchase intention. While sugar labeling positively influences health-conscious consumers, its impact is weaker among non-health-conscious individuals, who prioritize taste preferences or express skepticism about labeling reliability. Although all hypotheses were supported, findings indicate that Gen-Z consumers in Sri Lanka exhibit relatively low awareness of sugar labeling policies and their implications.
This study acknowledges several limitations. As a positivist research study, the reliance on a structured questionnaire may limit respondents' ability to express broader perspectives due to the absence of qualitative insights. Additionally, self-administration of the survey may introduce response biases, including misinterpretation of questions, inattentive responses, and inaccurate self-reporting.
The findings have important implications for policymakers, marketers, and public health professionals. The study underscores the need for stricter enforcement and standardization of transparent sugar labeling to facilitate informed consumer choices. For marketers, the research highlights opportunities to target health-conscious Gen-Z consumers through product innovations, strategic advertising, and low-sugar or sugar-free product offerings that align with Gen-Z values and health preferences.
Factors Influencing Consumer Visiting Intentions Toward Small and Medium-Scale Fashion Outlets in Sri Lanka’s Western Province
(Department of Marketing Management, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2025) Madhumali, A. P. D. K.; Bandara, B. S. S. U.
This study examines the factors influencing consumer visiting intentions toward small and medium-scale fashion outlets in Sri Lanka’s Western Province. Despite offering unique and localized products, these outlets face challenges in competing with large-scale retailers due to limited brand presence, marketing reach, and operational constraints. Addressing this practical and empirical gap, the study explores how visual and non-visual merchandising, store location, parking facilities, fashion trends, and promotional activities impact consumer decisions. By understanding these factors, small and medium-scale outlets can develop strategic measures to attract foot traffic and enhance competitiveness within Sri Lanka’s fashion retail industry.
A quantitative research design was employed to systematically analyze the variables influencing consumer visiting intentions. Data were collected from 384 respondents residing in Sri Lanka’s Western Province, all of whom had visited small and medium-scale fashion outlets within the past three months. A structured questionnaire was designed based on a conceptual framework, incorporating store location, merchandising strategies, parking availability, promotional efforts, and alignment with fashion trends as key independent variables. A convenience sampling method was used to reach a diverse yet relevant respondent pool. IBM SPSS Statistics 25 was utilized for descriptive analysis, correlation assessment, and multiple regression modeling to examine the relationships between the identified variables and consumer visiting intentions.
Findings indicate that all examined factors significantly influence consumer visiting intentions, with visual and non-visual merchandising emerging as the most impactful determinant. This underscores the importance of aesthetically appealing store layouts, window displays, and in-store ambiance in attracting and retaining customers. Fashion trends also played a critical role, reinforcing the need for trend alignment to cater to evolving consumer preferences. Additionally, practical factors such as store location and parking facilities were found to enhance shopping convenience, contributing to positive visiting intentions. While promotional activities were less influential than merchandising and fashion trends, they still played a meaningful role in generating awareness and increasing foot traffic. These findings align with existing literature on sensory marketing and consumer behavior, affirming the importance of creating engaging shopping experiences in an increasingly competitive retail landscape.
Despite its contributions, the study acknowledges several limitations. The focus on the Western Province may limit the generalizability of findings to other regions in Sri Lanka where cultural, economic, and demographic variations may influence consumer behavior differently. Additionally, convenience sampling, while practical, may introduce selection bias, potentially affecting the reliability of the results. The use of self-reported data may also be susceptible to response biases.
This research holds significant theoretical and practical implications. Theoretically, it contributes to consumer behavior and retail marketing literature by examining consumer visiting intentions within the context of small and medium-scale fashion outlets, a segment often overlooked in favor of large-scale retailers. The findings validate the role of sensory marketing strategies, such as visual and non-visual merchandising, in shaping consumer preferences while emphasizing the importance of operational factors like store accessibility and parking availability.
From a practical perspective, the study provides actionable recommendations for small and medium-scale fashion retailers to enhance consumer engagement and competitiveness. Investing in dynamic visual merchandising practices, such as well-designed window displays, strategic lighting, and intuitive store layouts, can create more inviting shopping experiences. Additionally, aligning product offerings with evolving fashion trends can improve relevance and customer retention. Enhancing store accessibility and parking convenience is also crucial in increasing foot traffic and improving customer satisfaction. Promotional activities, particularly those centered around discounts, loyalty programs, and in-store events, can further incentivize customer visits.
Beyond individual retailers, the study underscores the broader economic significance of supporting small and medium-scale fashion businesses, which primarily sell locally produced goods and contribute to entrepreneurship and employment. Strengthening their market position can drive regional economic growth while offering consumers diverse and accessible shopping options.
Future research could expand on these findings by incorporating other provinces in Sri Lanka to develop a more comprehensive understanding of consumer behavior across varied retail environments. Additionally, employing qualitative research methods, such as focus groups and in-depth interviews, could provide richer insights into consumer motivations and perceptions. Future studies may also explore emerging technologies, such as digital marketing, social media influence, and e-commerce platforms, in shaping consumer visiting intentions in the evolving retail sector.