Commerce and Management
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Item Factors Affecting Employee Turnover Intention and the Moderating Role of Gender: Evidence from the Laborer Category Employees Working in Katunayake Free Trade Zone of Sri Lanka(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya., 2022) Piyasiri, S.; Weerasinghe, T. D.Although the factors affecting employee turnover intention have been adequately studied in the extant literature in various contexts, minimum attention has been given to studying the actual effect of such factors on the role of gender, especially in the Free Trade Zones in Sri Lanka. Hence, the current study attempts to examine the effect of identified factors from literature, on employee turnover intention with the moderating role of gender on each antecedent. Predominantly adopting the deductive approach, quantitative strategy and cross-sectional time horizon, the study was conducted among a sample of 194 employees of the labourer category working in Katunayake Free Trade Zone via a survey questionnaire developed based on standard measurement scales. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the sample while the sample size was determined based on the Morgan table. Data analysis was done employing multiple regression analysis and the moderator analysis with Hayes process v3.5 macro in SPSS 26.0. Findings revealed that job satisfaction and organizational commitment have a negative relationship whereas job performance and job burnout adhere to a strong positive relationship with the employee turnover intention regardless of gender. Further, it is found that gender has no moderating effect on the hypothesized association. Accordingly, it is recommended for human resource professionals to focus more on each controllable factor affecting employee turnover intention which is more likely to convert into actual employee turnover adding costs to organizations in training and development, poor job performance, poor productivity, and emergency recruitments.Item Self Confidence and the Cognitive Styles among the Secondary School Students in Sri Lanka(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya., 2021) Liyadipita L.A.M.H.P.The purpose of this study was to determine secondary school students' self-confidence in terms of cognitive style. The dependent variable was self-confidence and independent factors were gender and cognitive styles. The study used a descriptive survey and the sample consisted of 400 students in grade 11. Data was collected using the Cognitive Style Inventory and the Self-confidence Inventory and was analyzed using a two-way ANOVA. Data were analyzed using Two Way ANOVA with a 52-factorial design. The most important influence of cognitive style and gender on secondary school pupils' self-confidence was shown to be substantial. The double interaction impact of cognitive style and gender on secondary school students' self-confidence was discovered to be substantial. School teachers should organize classes by employing active teaching strategies, suitable teaching tactics, and aiding students in developing academic self-confidence. Lectures, workshops, and seminars should be provided to students who are falling behind owing to poor cognitive style selection.Item Impact of Remittances and Gender on Expenditure Pattern: An Insight into Intra-Household Resource allocation of Rural Sector Households in Sri Lanka(Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya., 2020) Dharmadasa, R. A. P. I. S.; Rathnayake,, K. K. H. M.; Samaraweera,, W. G. R. L.Using a nationally representative data set, this study examines the impact of migrant remittances on expenditure pattern and intra-household decision making process of rural households in Sri Lanka. The impact was estimated using fractional logit models within the Engel curve framework. Estimating the fractional logit models, we find evidence that there are strong differences in the impact on expenditure patterns of male and female household heads with the receipt of internal remittances whereas effect of international remittances on changing the expenditure pattern and the intra-household resource allocation is negligible. More specifically male household heads allocate less on education and more on ad hoc purchases, entertainment and transport expenditure, while female household heads allocate more on food expenditure with the receipt of internal remittances. Moreover, remitters’ contribution for the ad hoc purchases, entertainment and transport expenditure increases with their presence as a migrant to the household head. Overall, the study concludes that remittances are not directed towards the productive investments or human capital formation with the receipt of remittances in male headed or female headed households of rural sector of Sri Lanka.Item EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND TURNOVER INTENTION: THE MODERATING ROLE OF GENDER(Department of Human Resource Management, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2025) Nirasha, R.S.K.S.; Karunarathne, R. A. I. C.This study aims to examine the impact of employee engagement on turnover intention exploring gender as a moderator. The purpose of this study is to understand how employee engagement affects turnover intention among executive-level employees in the apparel industry, with a particular focus on the moderating role of gender. The research is deductive research. This research was conducted using a survey research strategy and quantitative research method. Executive-level employees in a leading organization in the apparel industry were chosen as the population of the study. The sample size was 108 and data collection was done through a self-administered questionnaire. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23.0 and moderation analysis Hayes PROCESS Macro SPSS were used as a tool for data analysis and both descriptive and inferential statistics, namely Correlation and regression were used to analyze data. The key findings of this study are that employee engagement has a negative impact on turnover intention and that gender moderates the relationship between employee engagement and turnover intention. The implications of the study suggest that companies in the apparel industry should tailor engagement strategies for different gender groups at the executive level to enhance retention and reduce turnover intention.Item FACTORS AFFECTING ON INTENTION TO MIGRATE OF EXECUTIVES IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY IN SRI LANKA: THE MODERATING ROLE OF GENDER(Department of Human Resource Management, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2025) Gunarathna, I. S.; Janadari, M. P. N.The purpose of this research is to identify the factors affecting on intention to migrate of executive level employees in manufacturing industry, with a specific emphasis on the moderating influence of gender. The primary focus is on understanding how gender interacts with organizational factors to influence employees' migration intentions. Career growth opportunities, compensation & benefits and workload serve as pivotal organizational determinants that may affect an individual's decision to migrate. A comprehensive literature review forms the foundation of the research, integrating theories and empirical findings from organizational behavior, migration studies, and gender context. This research is deductive (theory–testing) research. This research was conducted using a survey research strategy and quantitative research method. Executive level employees in manufacturing industry in Colombo district were chosen as the population of the study. The sample size was 292, data collection was done through a self-administered questionnaire and Convenience sampling technique. A Google form was created and distributed to collect data. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), version 23.0 was used as a tool for data analysis and both descriptive and inferential statistics, namely correlation and regression were used to analyze data. The findings aim to inform organizational leaders, policymakers, and researchers about the complex dynamics at play, helping them develop targeted strategies to retain skilled talent in the face of organizational challenges, while considering the broader gender context.