ISSRS 2018
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repository.kln.ac.lk/handle/123456789/19944
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Item Power of Hallyu: Change in Sri Lankan Perception towards South Korea(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Fernando, A.“Hallyu” or the Korean Wave refers to the surge in the international visibility of Korean culture, beginning in East Asia in the 1990s and continuing more recently in Asia, the United States, Latin America, the Middle East, and parts of Europe. Korean popular culture ranges from Korean music (K-pop), dramas (K-drama), movies, video games, food, fashion, tourism, and language (Hangul). Until recent times, images and information about South Korea were not familiar to Sri Lankans as Sri Lanka does not share any significant historical or cultural relations with South Korea. Images associated with South Korea are generally negative and related to events such as the Korean War, cycles of poverty and political instability. The main focus of this paper is to examine the effect of Hallyu on the Sri Lankan public perception towards South Korea. It will compare and contrast the attitudes of consumers and non-consumers of Korean popular culture on the subject of their feelings towards South Korea and Korean society. This Study uses qualitative data obtained through interviews from the selected samples regarding their thoughts related to Hallyu, K-pop, Korean culture, wider issues related to society, culture, and attitude towards South Korea. This paper will attempt to answer whether Hallyu has been capable of influencing Sri Lankan audiences through dissemination of attractive images of Korea. The findings conclude that the constant consumption of Korean popular cultural products has indeed affected the image Sri Lankans have towards South Korea in a positive way, by improving their knowledge and perception of South Korea. It also has also urged the consumers to travel to South Korea, learn the language and build social networks with the Koreans. The importance of this study rests on the power of popular culture to influence an individual's attitudesItem The movement of Equality: the Gay Rights Movement as a social movement in the United States(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Kulasekara, N.Lesbian, gay bisexual and transgendered (LGBT) individuals as a demographic group remained largely silent and unseen in American culture until after the Second World War. Prior to the World Wars, many gay and lesbian Americans hid their sexual orientation out of fear and shame. Gay men who lived in urban centres often formed close social networks with other gay men yet remained a part of a hidden subculture. Society as a whole grew less tolerant of homosexuality in the 1950s and 1960s. The LGBT community has gained much wider acceptance in American culture since the 1970s, but the struggle continues. Today, LGBT Americans are waging political battles in many areas, addressing same-sex marriage or civil unions, equal employment practices, and the right to live without fear of harassment or violence. However, Discrimination against LGBT individuals started to grow in the mid1950s: LGBT men and women were fired from their jobs or dismissed from the military because of their sexual orientation.The gay rights movement has been termed the predominant civil rights movement of the twenty-first century. The research takes up aqualitative approach and to that end it gathers secondary data that assess the LGBT climate and their civil rights movement in the United States. The analysis is largely based on Equality concept and social movement theory. A crucial question examine here is; how far the gay rights movement has been successful as a social movement in USA. The findings reveal that LGBT Americans still face discrimination in many aspects of their lives. Such as at school, at work, when they try to buy a home, or when they apply for a loan. USA is at the top of the world’s equality but it does not have the same equality as they show.Item The role of India and Pakistan on Escalation of Kashmir conflict(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Welhenage, S.M.Kashmir conflict is a serious conflict happened in International system. India and Pakistan got freedom from British Colonialism in 1947. The problem was about 650 princely states controlled by different individuals. Kashmir was one of the largest princely state. India and Pakistan both claim for the ownership of area of Kashmir. Rivalry between India and Pakistan has been a major cause of concern in regard to peace in the two states from 1947. This thesis explores different aspects of the two countries in Kashmir that has become the most dangerous issue not only in South Asia but also in the world. The main objective of this study is to identify the role of India and Pakistan on escalation of Kashmir conflict. And also apply some main theories related to this study. And furthermore, looking at the historical background of the conflict and furthermore, consider about the causes and effects of Kashmir conflicts. Finally, provide the policy recommendations to resolve the conflict. This study is a case study. It based on Qualitative research approach. It utilizes secondary data from different sources such as, Academic articles, Books, Magazines, Internet resources etc. Therefore, this study uses the content analysis methods. This is still unresolved problem in world. This study ultimately makes some policy recommendations to resolve this conflict, such as, Inclusion of Kashmir people in the talks, stereotyping perceptions eliminated, constructively address grievances and problems, Neutralization of militants. This conflict strictly impacted to the relationship among India and Pakistan. It blemishes the bilateral relationship among these countriesItem International Humanitarian Law in Civil Wars: A Case Study on Sri Lanka(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Gabadage, D.S.S.The ideology of “war” is a realm that we experience since the very beginning of our civilization. It has developed for years by taking into account the needs, interests, developments and changing behaviours of people. However, the war is widely construed as intrinsically evil. And in contrast, war is an inevitable scenario of the international system. But with the changing interests of humans and states, the nature of wars differs from international armed conflicts to non-international armed conflicts. Therefore in order to regulate the occurrence and certain conducts during a war, the international community has established a system of legal regulations called international humanitarian law covering major areas of war from the beginning until the end. This study is based on how the international humanitarian law is applicable in the context of the civil war in Sri Lankan. This aims to give a descriptive and broad conception of international humanitarian law, its branches and its applicability in internal armed conflicts. Primarily in the context of civil wars. And also, this study discusses the major allegations of war crimes regarding the civil war in Sri Lanka and evaluates the applicability of the above humanitarian regulations giving special reference to conventions adopted by Sri Lanka. This qualitative study is primarily based on information collected from reports, journal articles, news items and other collections of surveys done by international organizations, non-governmental organizations and other State bodies. Thus, this study intends to bridge the gap between theoretical and practical aspects of international humanitarian law focusing on the civil war issues in Sri LankaItem The Failure of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Fernando, W.H.R.The Nuclear Non- Proliferation Treaty came into effect in 1970 and it is considered as the successor of many non-proliferation treaties implemented since 1945. Although the Non-Proliferation Treaty has been able to prevent nuclear proliferation to some extent, it has failed to achieve complete non-proliferation. This research will explore the reasons lying behind the failure of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. The study is based on secondary data which was gathered from journal articles, books, newspaper articles, annual reports, and reviews of United Nations reports and resolutions, as well as other reading materials related to the subject area. This study is primarily a qualitative analysis of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty; quantitative methods are also used in the following manner: a qualitative approach is used to analyze the motivations and causes for states to acquire or purchase nuclear weaponology- while quantitative methods will be used to explore how nuclear proliferation has occurred to date. The study specifically illustrates that Cold War geopolitics between the United States and former Soviet Union is rooted in nuclear proliferation. The study also outlines that as long as there is a struggle for power between the United States and Russia, complete non-proliferation is not realistic to achieve. Apart from those reasons, the lack of universality, the possibility of withdrawal, inadequate verification, and the lack of enforcement have also identified as reasons limiting the effectiveness of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation TreatyItem The Involvement of Domestic Lobbying Groups and the Congress behind the US Withdrawal from the Paris Agreement(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Ekanayake, E.M.S.D.Climate change is a dubious matter of concern worldwide. There had been drafted vast numbers of climate change agreements since 1990 in climate governance fora, yet these agreements were unsuccessful in trapping the global warming and other associated environmental effects. Paris Agreement on Climate change is the biggest agreement on climate governance that has been drafted so far given its universal membership. Though the United States of America under Obama’s leadership ratified the treaty, the incumbent president Donald Trump in June, 2017 announced that the USA wishes to withdraw from the agreement. The reasons for this withdrawal do not stem solely from the administrative decisions of Congress, but there are internal influences signaling America’s leadership not to sign any global climate treaty that urges America to pay compensations to the rest of the world for its historic emissions. This phenomenon covers the central problem addressed in this research so as to determine the domestic influences behind the US withdrawal from the Paris agreement. Going in line with this research problem the influence of the domestic lobbying groups and the Congress behind this decision are scrutinized. The objectives of this research are to analyze the influences of lobbying groups and the Congress behind this withdrawal. This research uses qualitative secondary data and the content analysis is used as the methodology. The research findings signify that the same coal and oil industries which urged the federal government not to sign the historic climate treaties had been influencing president Trump to withdraw from this agreement. This historic pattern which had been practicing since 1990s, by and large, correlates with the party from which each president has come into power – almost every Republican Party president was adhering to these calls of domestic influential groups in its foreign climate policies while Democrats were rather adhering to the calls from the global community. In concluding remarks, this research predicts that the above same pattern would be carried out in American political system as long as the bicameral procedure is applied in federal decision makingItem South Asian Regionalism need to be Reinvigorate; A Study on SAARC(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Jayasinghe, N.D.Regionalism is one of the prominent phenomenon in modern International politics. Focusing to the South Asian region, South Asia is the world’s most densely populated region with the richest varieties of natural resources and consist of eight countries namely India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Bhutan, Nepal, Bangladesh and Afghanistan .with the intention of promoting the concept of regional cooperation South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) has been established in 1985 with the main concerns to fulfill the Socio economics and political intentions of member states. In the three decades of its existence SAARC unable to fulfill its promises to the region and the research aims to find out the ineffectiveness of SAARC and to evaluate necessity of proper functioning regional organization to the South Asia. By referring to the qualitative data which was collected from both printed and electronic documents which including Books journals, webs and present periodicals it was founded that law intra-regional trade and infrastructure, poverty, issues in South Asian Free Trade Agreement (SAPTA) and South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA), Ineffective role on counter terrorism and human rights issues were evidences to prove that SAARC was an elusive regional organization and bilateral political issues among member countries ,strategic dissonance, domestic conflicts, economic disparities and economic and political relations of member states with extra regional powers were the factors that affect for the ineffectiveness of SAARC. Analysis done between elusive nature and impediments to the elusive nature of SAARC it was recognize that south Asian regionalism needs to be reinvigorate and power balance among the member states, diplomatic and new economic strategies can be used to strengthen the regionalism in south Asia and following up a common road map of political and economic integration is the most suitable mechanism to success the concept of regionalism in South AsiaItem Socio-Economic Impact of Immigration on Australia(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Wanigathunga, W.E.At present Australia is the comfortable address to migrants. After the post Second World War period Australian government had a desire to increase their population and they started the migration programme. Before 200 years Australia had been built its’ population through immigration because of that Australia introduces as “migration nation”. At that time Australia established a restriction for the Asians and Africans, that was “White Australian Policy”. After the Second Post War period abolished this policy by the 1958 Act. After that, the migrants come to Australia around the world. Discuss the legal immigration trends in Australia and Australian immigration policies. Lee’s Push and Pull theory is using for the describing the causes to migrate to Australia. Secondary data collecting is the methodology of the abstract and that is finding from Journal articles, books, researchers, the reports of the Australian central bank. Finally, explore the Socio-Economic impact from the adaption of descriptive analyze. And also mainly explore about Socio-Economic impacts of immigration on Australia in the 21st century (with special reference to 2000-2015). These migrants are highly skilled and educated because of that Australia faced some new impacts; these impacts are both categories as Socio and Economic Impacts. Socially and Economically there are negative and positive outcomes because of that immigration is a critical condition to a country and also Australia has the same condition. From this abstract mainly discuss the impacts of Australia from the immigration programmeItem The Socio-economic Impacts of Refugee Migration in Germany: Special Reference to 2015-2018(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Silva, D.I.U.Refugee migration is an important disputable factor in the world which occurs due to various severe situations such as war, violence and persecution. Germany hosts refugees not only in the past time periods but also increasingly in the present context. Therefore, this study has made an attempt at providing an account and analysis of the social and economic impacts of refugee migration in Germany. The main objective of this research is to identify the socio-economic impacts of refugee migration in Germany with specializing the time period from 2015 to 2018. In addition, one other aim is to discuss contemporary trends of refugee migration in Germany by concerning several institutions and policies which relate to refugees. This study illustrates Lee’s push pull theory because it relates with the reasons for refugee migration regarding the country of origin as well as the host country. The research is fundamentally based on secondary sources and necessary information was gathered from relevant books, statutes and conventions, scholarly journals, historical data, several publications, web information, newspaper articles and periodicals. The study finds that, most significant effects of refugee migration are associated with both positive and negative conditions on the areas such as social security, diversity of nationalities, cultures and religions, education, health conditions of local population, public expenditure, labor market, employment and unemployment rate. In order to convert the challenges often associated with hosting refugees into opportunities for Germany, responsible authorities and institutions should formulate more comprehensive and stable processes to guide future measures and policies aimed at utilizing the status of Germany and its hosting of refugees by minimizing social and economic impacts of refugee migrationItem Impact of the US Interventionism in Afghanistan and Syria(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Madubashini, W.Interventionism policy can be identified as a strategic foreign policy doctrine. In some cases, it appears as the way of the development process as well as it may appear as the way to interfere in the internal affairs of another state. Commonly it may use economic sanctions, military intrusion and the strategical tools. Hence, it may affect to make a state stable or unstable. In this study it will be examined the impact of the United States interventionism in Afghanistan and Syria, identifying does the United State interventionism always lead the states to the fragility”. To collect data this paper will utilize two methods, secondary data will be collected from journals, periodicals and scholarly articles. This study will use content analysis and qualitative analysis. This research only considers about the US interventionist policy in Afghanistan and Syria. Especially with reference to the fragility of the states. This research concludes that the foreign policy of the United States always does not create instability or fragility of the state. But through the interventionist policy of the United States, Afghanistan and Syria had become the fragile states according to the Fragile States Index 2018