Social Sciences
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Item Right View on Sustainability(Jayantha K.; Ariyawansa R.G.; Kumara U. Anura (2022), Right View on Sustainability, Volume 03, Issue 02, Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, Faculty of Graduate Studies - University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka. 33-54., 2022) Jayantha, K.; Ariyawansa, R.G.; Kumara, U. Anura;This paper explores the fundamental concept of sustainability and its relationship to right vision. Recognizing that a comprehensive understanding of sustainability necessitates a precise understanding of right vision, the researchers direct their focus to unraveling the essence of this concept. Drawing upon insights from Buddhist philosophy, the study highlights the interconnectedness between sustainability, simplicity, and detachment from excessive desires. It proposes that sustainability can be defined as the natural manifestation of Ariya qualities, guided by right vision. The study examines the cause-and-effect chain leading to overconsumption and scarcity of resources, emphasizing the need to address the attachment to extra wants. Insights from various scholars and research studies support the significance of simplicity and non-violence in achieving sustainability. The implications of this research extend to academia, policymakers, and society, emphasizing the importance of promoting sustainable lifestyles and integrating sustainable development goals into policy frameworks. By embracing simplicity and right vision, individuals can contribute to a more balanced and harmonious on redefining sustainability and offers insights for future research and practical applications in the pursuit of a sustainable future.Item Right View on Sustainability(Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Jayantha, K.; Ariyawansa, R.G.; Kumara, U. AnuraThis paper explores the fundamental concept of sustainability and its relationship to right vision. Recognizing that a comprehensive understanding of sustainability necessitates a precise understanding of right vision, the researchers direct their focus to unraveling the essence of this concept. Drawing upon insights from Buddhist philosophy, the study highlights the interconnectedness between sustainability, simplicity, and detachment from excessive desires. It proposes that sustainability can be defined as the natural manifestation of Ariya qualities, guided by right vision. The study examines the cause-and-effect chain leading to overconsumption and scarcity of resources, emphasizing the need to address the attachment to extra wants. Insights from various scholars and research studies support the significance of simplicity and non-violence in achieving sustainability. The implications of this research extend to academia, policymakers, and society, emphasizing the importance of promoting sustainable lifestyles and integrating sustainable development goals into policy frameworks. By embracing simplicity and right vision, individuals can contribute to a more balanced and harmonious on redefining sustainability and offers insights for future research and practical applications in the pursuit of a sustainable future.Item Park (Uyana): Conceptualization(Scholars Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, 2021) Jayantha, K.; Ariyawansa, RG.; Kumara, U. AnuraHistorical evidence proves that 'parks' have been used as a reconciliation tool between humans and the environment since prehistoric times. With the emergence of various forms of gardening, the basic meaning of park took different forms. This led to complications of understanding what it means by a park. Thus, this paper aims to realize the exact definition of Uyana, which is the Sinhala language term for park how the park is used as a term. The authors used Hela Nirukthi Shasthraya or Hela Niyyukthastra as the method to understand the basic definition of park. We used the equation A = 100/An, B = A/Bn, C = B/Cn, D = C/Dn where A = Base word, B = Level 2, C = Level 3, D = Level 4 and n = number of pure synonyms, to measure definition power of park. We further investigated how many terms are used synonymously with park, and which were gradually distancing away from the basic meaning of park. Further investigations revealed that the identified meanings given to park were indicating a weak power in terms of the power of those definitions. In addition, the term taxonomy of the term park illustrates that the meaning of the park has differentiated with the global development from its original/ basic meaning.Item Kaizen Equilibrium and Organization Behavior: A Conceptual Analysis(Saudi Journal of Business and Management Studies, 2021) Jayantha, K.The Kaizen concept introduced to the world by Imai is a resource that can be used for improvement anywhere. The benefits of this concept are immense, especially for developing countries, as the investment costs considered zero or minimal. Thus, the concept has now spread to the East and the West with many academic studies. However, it is doubtful whether this concept has been used to the fullest as the concept is based on the Japanese socio-economic background. Furthermore, this concept emerges especially in a context where middle management is seen as the driving force. Similarly, a centralised thought pattern can be seen throughout East Asia. The mediation procedure is the way of thinking of Asians. That may be due to their inspiration from Buddhist philosophy from 5 B.C. onwards. This study aims to consider how the Kaizen concept adapts to different organisational structures. The study further explores what needs to be done at the middle management level to maximise the Kaizen concept. However, this study is limited to conceptualisation. Here especially, the triangular organisational structure model and the smooth curve are used for analysis. For in-depth analysis uses positive and negative skewness. This study revealed that the Kaizen concept is satisfied in different ways within tall, flat and symmetrical organisational structures. Accordingly, it became clear that the Kaizen concept in a symmetrical organisational structure would satisfy middle management. It was further demonstrated that the introduction of Kaizen as negative skew and positive skew in high and flat organisational structures, respectively, can satisfy it in middle management. Thus, it is clear that the concept of Kaizen has the potential to be more effective in introducing the organisational structure in particular than in general. However, since this conceptualisation is done more simply, I suggest that further mathematical analysis is appropriate for this.Item What is Sustainability? Definitions vs. Interpretations(4th International Conference on Social Sciences 2018, Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Jayantha, K.; Ariyawansa, R.G.; Anura Kumara, U.Sustainability has become a buzz word in the global context. This concept paper discusses to how extend the concept of sustainability is fairly defined. The key objective of this study is to provide the most reasonable definition on sustainability. (1) Identifying the difference between definition and interpretation and (2) suggesting a definition for the term definition are the specific objectives of the study. The study used etymology descriptive method and its reliability was proved through historical records, language usage of Sri Lanka and social norms in Sri Lanka. Native language supports in identifying the inherited meaning of a word. Hence, in identifying the most reasonable definition for sustainability, the word thirasāra was described in depth using epistemology in the context of Sri Lankan heritage. The study found common definitions for sustainability privations its epistemological explanation. The methodology used in this study could conclude that thirasāra is uncover (thira or isthira) Ᾱrya placing the natural law as the basis (sāra). This study suggests further epistemological investigations on the concept of sustainability based on native languages rather focusing an international language.Item Ranking Cricket Players According to Their Efficiency of Performances: A Criterion Formulation for a Minimum Error Team Selection(Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Ramanaka, A.R.N.D.; Bandara, K.A.W.P.; Wehigaldeniya, W.G.D.S.; Oshani, P.A.L.; Dilshani, P.Y.H.; Jayantha, K.This research suggests a new criterion for cricket team selection using data envelopment analysis (DEA) with the objective of selecting a team which has a minimum error in team selection. It proposes a DEA formulation for evaluation of cricket players in different capabilities and their efficiencies of performance using multiple outputs. For instances, batting, bowling all rounding, wicket keeping, and fielding capabilities. This evaluation determines efficient and inefficient cricket players and ranks them on the basic of DEA scores. The ranking can be used to choose the required number of players for a cricket team in each cricketing capability. A real data set which belongs to Sri Lankan Cricket team during ICC world cup 2015 is associated with the data analysis process. Cricket players having various capabilities is used to choose the best cricket team. For this purpose, the secondary data were derived from “ESPN” cricinfo web site (Which is reputed web site for international cricket data). The proposed method has the advantage of considering multiple factors related to the performance of players in multiple capabilities and aggregates their scores using a DEA model in linear programming frame work. This DEA aggregation gives the scores of players objectively instead of using subjective computations. The findings of this study suggest that DEA has the potential to select players to the Cricket team fairly. There for these findings cane be used to player’s selection in local and national cricket team selection as objective selection criteria.Item Winning Medals at Olympic Games: Socio-economic, Demographic, Political and Environmental Influences(Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, 2013) Jayantha, K.This particular study titled “Winning Medals at Olympic Games: Socio-economic, Demographic, Political and Environmental Influences” was carried out with special reference to 2000, 2004 and 2008 Olympic Games. This study was thoroughly undertaken by the researcher by focusing on the problem of why countries show different performance in Olympics. There are four objectives set to be achieved by this study, of which the key objective was to examine the influences of factors affecting the Olympic performance. The researcher carried out an extensive literature review to provide a conceptual background of the study, to develop a conceptual model, and to formulate hypotheses for the study. Altogether three different Olympic Games, 80, 74, 87 countries and 921, 929, 958 medals respectively were selected for the survey. In addition, a formal methodological choice was made in this context further purpose of getting the study systematic. Accordingly, sample selecting, data collecting processing, conceptualization, and operationalization were made in a scientific manner. Having tested the hypotheses a sound analysis of data was made here. From the analysis made the researcher was able to make certain vital findings, which have been revealed at the end. Based on the findings made it was able to reach a better conclusion which paved the path to make recommendations and suggestions for future research. Certain conclusions were made from the study after carrying out detail scientific analysis of data using appropriate statistical tools. The conclusion was based on the factors affecting to Olympic performance such as size of population of countries, GDP per capita, HDI, communist background and host city advantages of particular countries in particular Olympic years. In all Olympic Games showed weak relationship between these variables and Olympic performance. Based on the findings of the study number of recommendations were made to the sport authorities and researchers in the field of sport to improve sport performance in their countries in future. Resulting from implementations, the respective benefits will be yielded by not only Sri Lankan sport, but aggregate Sri Lankan economy also at last.Item People’s attitudes towards Sri Lankan cricket(University of Sri Jayawardhanapura, 2012) Weerakoon, W.M.R.K.; Jayawardhana, W.M.A.M.; Jayantha, K.; Ubhayachandra, E.G.This paper has two objectives: i) to identify the degree of people’s attitude about the Sri Lanka Cricket ii) to examine the perception of the people about Sri Lankan Cricket after 2011World Cup (WC). Hence, this study was based on three predictions namely; i) there is a negative correlation between beliefs and attitudes towards Cricket (H1), ii) there is a negative correlation between loyalty and attitudes towards Cricket (H2), iii) there is a negative correlation between preference and attitude towards Cricket (H3). At the point of testing these hypotheses, the study was limited to a sample population for the convenience of the study. Kandy Sectarian Division, where the Pallekele international Cricket Stadium is located and one game of WC 2011 was held. Five other sub divisions were selected: those located around the ground, and sample size of each division was selected proportionate to the sub division population. Then despondences were from simple random sampling technique with association of divisional sectarian unit and random numbered table. The data were collected from the despondence by exploring a questionnaire that was carefully conducted according to the Lickert scaled method. 117 questionnaires were distributed among the sample on the basis of quota given to each sub division. The three hypotheses were tested using SPSS version 19.0. For validity and reliability of questionnaires Conbach’s Alpha (0.73) was also used. The results show that negative correlation between belief and attitudes towards Cricket (r = -4.56*). Loyalty and attitudes towards Cricket also shows a negative (r = -5.78*). Preference and attitudes towards Cricket also shows a negative (r = -4.65*). Based on the findings of the study number of recommendations were made to the sport authorities and researchers in the field of sport to improve attitudes about Cricket in the country in future. Resulting from implementation of given recommendations, the respective benefits will be yielded by Sri Lankan sports, at aggregate level.Item Factors affecting to recreation behavior in upcountry Tamil community in tea estates(International Research Conference on Humanities and Social Sciences (IRCHS 2012), Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Sri Jayawardhanapura, 2012) Wijethissa, K.G.C.P.; Jayantha, K.; Ubhayachandra, E.G.This study aims to make a deeper analysis of Upcountry Tamil Community (UTC) in tea estates in relation to the factors effecting recreation behavior. the objective is to identify the influence of age and gender (demographic factors) for recreation behavior of UTC in tea estates. Two hypotheses were formulated: i) the age influence on recreation behavior of UTC in tea estates, ii) the gender influence on recreation behavior of UTC in tea estates. The researcher used primary and secondary data for this study. 200 labors were selected for the sample and the researcher used cluster sampling method as the sampling technique in this study. The researcher used questionnaire and interview methods to collect data and hypotheses were tested by calculate correlation and skewness. Based on the finding, the researcher concluded that employees? recreation behavior (individually and together) is negatively correlated with their age and gender. In addition, the researcher made recommendation to tea estates authorities and others in related field. The government should provide open spaces and recreational centers throughout the tea estates. Therefore, the government should take steps to increased their income or released more time for their recreation.Item Winning Medals at Olympic Games: Socio-Economic, Demographic, Political and Environmental Influences(2nd International Conference on Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2014) Jayantha, K.; Ubhayachandra, E.G.This particular study titled, ?Winning medals at Olympic Games: socio-economic, demographic, political and environmental influences? was carried out with special reference to 2000, 2004 and 2008 Olympic Games. This study was thoroughly undertaken by the researcher by focusing on the problem that why countries show different performance in Olympics. There are four objectives set to be achieved by this study, which include a key objective namely to examine the influences of factors affecting the Olympic performance and two specific objectives such as (i) produce a mathematical model facilitating to predict the Olympic tally (ii) to identify the degree of factors influenced on the Olympic performance. The researchers carried out an extensive literature review to provide a conceptual background of the study, and to develop a conceptual model, and to formulate hypotheses for the study. Olympic Games in 2000, 80, 74, 87 countries and 921, 929, 958 medals respectively were selected for the survey. In addition, a formal methodological choice was made in this context for further purpose of getting the study systematically. Accordingly, sample selecting, data collecting processing, conceptualization, and operationalization were made in a scientific manner. Having tested the hypotheses a sound analysis of data was made here. From the analysis made the researcher was able to make certain vital findings, which have been revealed at the end. Based on the findings made it was able to reach a better conclusion which paved the path to make recommendations and suggestions for future research. Certain conclusions were made from the study after carrying out detail scientific analysis of data using appropriate statistical tools. The conclusion was based on the factors affecting the Olympic performance such as size of population of countries, GDP per capita, HDI, communist background and host city advantages of particular countries in particular Olympic years. Olympic Games showed weak relationship between these variables and Olympic performance. Based on the findings of the study number of recommendations were made to the sport authorities and researchers in the field of sport to improve sport performance in their countries in future. Resulting from implementations, the respective benefits will be yielded by not only Sri Lankan sport, but also aggregate Sri Lankan economy at last.