Social Sciences
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Item Right View on Sustainability(Jayantha K.; Ariyawansa R.G.; Kumara U. Anura (2022), Right View on Sustainability, Volume 03, Issue 02, Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, Faculty of Graduate Studies - University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka. 33-54., 2022) Jayantha, K.; Ariyawansa, R.G.; Kumara, U. Anura;This paper explores the fundamental concept of sustainability and its relationship to right vision. Recognizing that a comprehensive understanding of sustainability necessitates a precise understanding of right vision, the researchers direct their focus to unraveling the essence of this concept. Drawing upon insights from Buddhist philosophy, the study highlights the interconnectedness between sustainability, simplicity, and detachment from excessive desires. It proposes that sustainability can be defined as the natural manifestation of Ariya qualities, guided by right vision. The study examines the cause-and-effect chain leading to overconsumption and scarcity of resources, emphasizing the need to address the attachment to extra wants. Insights from various scholars and research studies support the significance of simplicity and non-violence in achieving sustainability. The implications of this research extend to academia, policymakers, and society, emphasizing the importance of promoting sustainable lifestyles and integrating sustainable development goals into policy frameworks. By embracing simplicity and right vision, individuals can contribute to a more balanced and harmonious on redefining sustainability and offers insights for future research and practical applications in the pursuit of a sustainable future.Item Right View on Sustainability(Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Jayantha, K.; Ariyawansa, R.G.; Kumara, U. AnuraThis paper explores the fundamental concept of sustainability and its relationship to right vision. Recognizing that a comprehensive understanding of sustainability necessitates a precise understanding of right vision, the researchers direct their focus to unraveling the essence of this concept. Drawing upon insights from Buddhist philosophy, the study highlights the interconnectedness between sustainability, simplicity, and detachment from excessive desires. It proposes that sustainability can be defined as the natural manifestation of Ariya qualities, guided by right vision. The study examines the cause-and-effect chain leading to overconsumption and scarcity of resources, emphasizing the need to address the attachment to extra wants. Insights from various scholars and research studies support the significance of simplicity and non-violence in achieving sustainability. The implications of this research extend to academia, policymakers, and society, emphasizing the importance of promoting sustainable lifestyles and integrating sustainable development goals into policy frameworks. By embracing simplicity and right vision, individuals can contribute to a more balanced and harmonious on redefining sustainability and offers insights for future research and practical applications in the pursuit of a sustainable future.Item Park (Uyana): Conceptualization(Scholars Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, 2021) Jayantha, K.; Ariyawansa, RG.; Kumara, U. AnuraHistorical evidence proves that 'parks' have been used as a reconciliation tool between humans and the environment since prehistoric times. With the emergence of various forms of gardening, the basic meaning of park took different forms. This led to complications of understanding what it means by a park. Thus, this paper aims to realize the exact definition of Uyana, which is the Sinhala language term for park how the park is used as a term. The authors used Hela Nirukthi Shasthraya or Hela Niyyukthastra as the method to understand the basic definition of park. We used the equation A = 100/An, B = A/Bn, C = B/Cn, D = C/Dn where A = Base word, B = Level 2, C = Level 3, D = Level 4 and n = number of pure synonyms, to measure definition power of park. We further investigated how many terms are used synonymously with park, and which were gradually distancing away from the basic meaning of park. Further investigations revealed that the identified meanings given to park were indicating a weak power in terms of the power of those definitions. In addition, the term taxonomy of the term park illustrates that the meaning of the park has differentiated with the global development from its original/ basic meaning.Item Kaizen Equilibrium and Organization Behavior: A Conceptual Analysis(Saudi Journal of Business and Management Studies, 2021) Jayantha, K.The Kaizen concept introduced to the world by Imai is a resource that can be used for improvement anywhere. The benefits of this concept are immense, especially for developing countries, as the investment costs considered zero or minimal. Thus, the concept has now spread to the East and the West with many academic studies. However, it is doubtful whether this concept has been used to the fullest as the concept is based on the Japanese socio-economic background. Furthermore, this concept emerges especially in a context where middle management is seen as the driving force. Similarly, a centralised thought pattern can be seen throughout East Asia. The mediation procedure is the way of thinking of Asians. That may be due to their inspiration from Buddhist philosophy from 5 B.C. onwards. This study aims to consider how the Kaizen concept adapts to different organisational structures. The study further explores what needs to be done at the middle management level to maximise the Kaizen concept. However, this study is limited to conceptualisation. Here especially, the triangular organisational structure model and the smooth curve are used for analysis. For in-depth analysis uses positive and negative skewness. This study revealed that the Kaizen concept is satisfied in different ways within tall, flat and symmetrical organisational structures. Accordingly, it became clear that the Kaizen concept in a symmetrical organisational structure would satisfy middle management. It was further demonstrated that the introduction of Kaizen as negative skew and positive skew in high and flat organisational structures, respectively, can satisfy it in middle management. Thus, it is clear that the concept of Kaizen has the potential to be more effective in introducing the organisational structure in particular than in general. However, since this conceptualisation is done more simply, I suggest that further mathematical analysis is appropriate for this.Item What is Sustainability? Definitions vs. Interpretations(4th International Conference on Social Sciences 2018, Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Jayantha, K.; Ariyawansa, R.G.; Anura Kumara, U.Sustainability has become a buzz word in the global context. This concept paper discusses to how extend the concept of sustainability is fairly defined. The key objective of this study is to provide the most reasonable definition on sustainability. (1) Identifying the difference between definition and interpretation and (2) suggesting a definition for the term definition are the specific objectives of the study. The study used etymology descriptive method and its reliability was proved through historical records, language usage of Sri Lanka and social norms in Sri Lanka. Native language supports in identifying the inherited meaning of a word. Hence, in identifying the most reasonable definition for sustainability, the word thirasāra was described in depth using epistemology in the context of Sri Lankan heritage. The study found common definitions for sustainability privations its epistemological explanation. The methodology used in this study could conclude that thirasāra is uncover (thira or isthira) Ᾱrya placing the natural law as the basis (sāra). This study suggests further epistemological investigations on the concept of sustainability based on native languages rather focusing an international language.Item Ranking Cricket Players According to Their Efficiency of Performances: A Criterion Formulation for a Minimum Error Team Selection(Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Ramanaka, A.R.N.D.; Bandara, K.A.W.P.; Wehigaldeniya, W.G.D.S.; Oshani, P.A.L.; Dilshani, P.Y.H.; Jayantha, K.This research suggests a new criterion for cricket team selection using data envelopment analysis (DEA) with the objective of selecting a team which has a minimum error in team selection. It proposes a DEA formulation for evaluation of cricket players in different capabilities and their efficiencies of performance using multiple outputs. For instances, batting, bowling all rounding, wicket keeping, and fielding capabilities. This evaluation determines efficient and inefficient cricket players and ranks them on the basic of DEA scores. The ranking can be used to choose the required number of players for a cricket team in each cricketing capability. A real data set which belongs to Sri Lankan Cricket team during ICC world cup 2015 is associated with the data analysis process. Cricket players having various capabilities is used to choose the best cricket team. For this purpose, the secondary data were derived from “ESPN” cricinfo web site (Which is reputed web site for international cricket data). The proposed method has the advantage of considering multiple factors related to the performance of players in multiple capabilities and aggregates their scores using a DEA model in linear programming frame work. This DEA aggregation gives the scores of players objectively instead of using subjective computations. The findings of this study suggest that DEA has the potential to select players to the Cricket team fairly. There for these findings cane be used to player’s selection in local and national cricket team selection as objective selection criteria.Item Students Participation in Sporting Activities: A case study, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka(Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, 2009) Perera, B.L.H.; Jayantha, K.; Gunarathna, M.; Ramanayaka, N.The University spends annually a considerable amount of their funds for the development of sport facilities. The amount spent on sport facilities has to be evaluated by comparing total spent with the number of students participating sporting activities. This condition indicates a verity of indicators. The administrators’ states that the students are engaged in activities other than sports and the existing facilities are underutilized. Time restrictions arising from the existing academic schedule also affects the participation of students in sports. This kind of poor participation in sports activities by students cannot be ignored as the current undergraduates are the future human resources of the nation. It has to be emphasized that physical and mental well-being is a fundamental factor. As such it is very important to have a closer look at this demand and supply mismatch and which leads to fulfill the objectives of the university. Data were collected for the study via a questionnaire which consists of closed questions. Data were gathered by the students following sport management module from the undergraduates who are engaged in sport activities at the Physical Education Division. All respondents in the sample (n=400) were being full-time students. Out of them 73%, 16.5%, 20.5% are represented in the stream of Arts, Science and Commerce and 58.8%, 19.0%, 14.3%, 8.0% level 1 to 4 undergraduates respectively. Through the structured questionnaire information on eight motivating factors for participation in sport activities were evaluated. Reasons given for participating in sport activities were varied and different in the case of each individual.Item Do the Students Evaluate Correctly: A case study, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka(Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, 2009) Jayantha, K.; Gunarathna, M.; Ramanayaka, N.; Nayanananda, W.Universities are predominantly engaged in two activities: teaching and research. Teaching is defined as dissemination of knowledge and research is defined as generating knowledge. Both activities are equally important. There is lot of criticism from several quarters on the passive role played by the universities in Sri Lanka with regard to teaching and research. The private sector which provides most of job opportunities for the graduates who pass out from university are not satisfied with their quality. The primary objective of the university apart from teaching is to carry out research. But the national universities are not satisfies with their research contribution. There are several criticisms levels of the graduates recently produced by the national universities. The critics’ questioned about the application of skills and the evaluation of skills of the graduates. Others argue that their English proficiency is low and their lack of computer literacy. The criticisms made by these groups are still valid with regard to the graduates in the Art Stream. Today it seems that there is kind of threat or competition to the National Education System (NES). Here is an Alternative Education System (AES) developed by the private sector from primary education to basic degree and postgraduate education. The huge demand and the profitability in the education sector may be strengthened further from such a development. The criticism on national university education may have got some backing support to increase the demand of the private sector opportunities. The criticism against the university education has been taken in to consideration by the interested authorities. In finding solutions one can identify two problems namely lack of proficiency of English and lack of computer literacy. Generally, it can be argued that making graduands acquainted with skills to match the outside demand is the solution for this problem. Universities are not bound to generate a workforce for companies whether they are public or private. Universities make men/women to serve the nation with analytical knowledge. In this research, this category of group is named as conventional School (CS). In this scenario, it is very important to understand clearly the problem at first and then arrive at solutions appropriately since it is tightly connected with the NES. We have to consider whether group one or two or both criticisms are correct. Which group MS or CS has made close solutions to reality? These are the problems discussed in this study. This study argues that to build an ideal graduate the teaching and evaluation process should be reconciled to each other and they should gradually go up to a high level of skills. The Bloom’s taxonomy was used to evaluate the student evaluation process of the Faculty of Social Sciences. Question papers related to the first semester of the academic year 2007/2008 were evaluated. The surveys cover all the departments in the faculty and papers at all levels and course unite were considered. The results proved that the process of evaluation is poor; in some areas the standards of the questions set did not pass the first of second stage of Bloom’s Taxonomy.Item Results Oriented Vs. Process Oriented(University of Kelaniya, 2008) Jayantha, K.As the same as the people in the Asian region Sri Lankan in culture are basically group oriented as well as process oriented, and enough supportive evidence can be found throughout the written Sri Lankan history. the year 1505 which the year began to colonization Sri Lanka can be defined as the turning point of cultural values and belief of Sri Lanka nation. Until colonization it was a group oriented and a process oriented nation. With the colonization it was transplanted western culture that was lead to the individualism and result oriented society. But the Buddhism and the agricultural society which created the base of the Sri Lankan culture is still exist, and individualism and result oriented pattern of thinking also there in action. When they are doing something normally Sri Lankan say doing it by hook or by crook. The real Sinhala term in this statement is Kokken hor Kekken. Sometimes achieving targets they are saying doing it by good way or in bad way. The Sinhala term is Honding hor Naraking. It is seem to be gap between Sri Lankan real culture which is lead to groupanism and process oriented and organizational culture which is lead to individualism and result oriented. This cultural disparity direct to less performance of organizations. We need to have management culture goes with Sri Lankan culture in order to get the maximum performance of an organization. The aim of this study was to identify and develop a Sri Lankan management pattern based on management tools that are practicing in the Asian region. For this purpose, developed varies types processes using numbers of management tools like 5S, Kaizen, Poka-Yoke, Lean, Zero Defects, Six Sigma, Visual Management, IT technology and these processes were tested for several years. these processes finally not only given the targeted results but also could reduce or eliminate some wastes, form a happy workforce and systematic working culture.Item Winning Medals at Olympic Games: Socio-economic, Demographic, Political and Environmental Influences(Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, 2013) Jayantha, K.This particular study titled “Winning Medals at Olympic Games: Socio-economic, Demographic, Political and Environmental Influences” was carried out with special reference to 2000, 2004 and 2008 Olympic Games. This study was thoroughly undertaken by the researcher by focusing on the problem of why countries show different performance in Olympics. There are four objectives set to be achieved by this study, of which the key objective was to examine the influences of factors affecting the Olympic performance. The researcher carried out an extensive literature review to provide a conceptual background of the study, to develop a conceptual model, and to formulate hypotheses for the study. Altogether three different Olympic Games, 80, 74, 87 countries and 921, 929, 958 medals respectively were selected for the survey. In addition, a formal methodological choice was made in this context further purpose of getting the study systematic. Accordingly, sample selecting, data collecting processing, conceptualization, and operationalization were made in a scientific manner. Having tested the hypotheses a sound analysis of data was made here. From the analysis made the researcher was able to make certain vital findings, which have been revealed at the end. Based on the findings made it was able to reach a better conclusion which paved the path to make recommendations and suggestions for future research. Certain conclusions were made from the study after carrying out detail scientific analysis of data using appropriate statistical tools. The conclusion was based on the factors affecting to Olympic performance such as size of population of countries, GDP per capita, HDI, communist background and host city advantages of particular countries in particular Olympic years. In all Olympic Games showed weak relationship between these variables and Olympic performance. Based on the findings of the study number of recommendations were made to the sport authorities and researchers in the field of sport to improve sport performance in their countries in future. Resulting from implementations, the respective benefits will be yielded by not only Sri Lankan sport, but aggregate Sri Lankan economy also at last.
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