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Title: | An approximate solution to Lane-Emden equation of the polytrophic index three by using Differential Transform Method |
Authors: | Aththanayaka, A. M. S. K. Wimaladharma, N. A. S. N. |
Keywords: | Differential transform method, Einstein-Maxwell equations, Lane-Emden equation, Pade approximation |
Issue Date: | 2021 |
Publisher: | Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka |
Citation: | Aththanayaka, A. M. S. K, Wimaladharma, N. A. S. N. (2021) An approximate solution to Lane-Emden equation of the polytrophic index three by using Differential Transform Method, Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied and Pure Sciences (ICAPS 2021-Kelaniya)Volume 1,Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka.Pag.37 |
Abstract: | Lane-Emden equation is a second order dimensionless non-linear ordinary differential equation which can be used to describe internal structure of a star, the thermal behaviour of a spherical cloud of gas, isothermal gas spheres etc. Self-gravitating spheres of plasma, such as stars, can also be described approximately by using these equations. Lane-Emden equation was solved by using Adomian Decomposition Method (ADM), Homotopy Analysis Method for some values of polytrophic index n. There are exact, analytical solutions for Lane-Emden equation in particular values n = 0, 1, 5. Since its non-linearity, the exact solutions cannot be found easily. Differential Transform Method (DTM) is an iterative method with a Taylor series solution gives good approximation in very small region. DTM can be applied for both linear and nonlinear nth derivative functions. In this research, a numerical solution to Lane-Emden equation with n = 3 has been found by using Differential Transform Method. To increase the range of convergence of the solution, the Pade approximation has been applied. Pade approximation is a ratio of two McLaurin’s expansion of the polynomials. The obtained solution for Lane-Emden equation has been compared with the solutions obtained by using the Fourth Order Runga-Kutta (RK4) method, ODE45 and Forward Euler method, which are effective and accurate methods for solving differential equations. The Einstein-Maxwell equations for a static spherical distribution of matter which is called Electrically Counterpoised Dust (ECD) under gravitational attraction and electrical repulsion can be simplified to the Lane-Emden equation when n = 3. It has been shown that the mass of a sphere of electrically counterpoised dust is an increasing function of its radius and it has a maximum value. Since the solution obtained gives us a physically acceptable result, it can be justified that the obtained solution using DTM is acceptable and gives better approximate solution with the form of a polynomial for linear and nonlinear differential equations. |
URI: | http://repository.kln.ac.lk/handle/123456789/23930 |
ISSN: | 2815-0112 |
Appears in Collections: | ICAPS-2021 |
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