Abstract:
Punch-mark coins are ancient coins that can be found in both India and Sri Lanka. They feature various marks on both the obverse and reverse sides. These coins were in circulation from the 6th century BC to the 2nd century AD. With over 600 different symbols found on these coins, there is no unanimous consensus among scholars regarding the interpretation of these symbols. The aim of this research is to explore the diverse interpretations of these symbols and propose a more appropriate understanding. To accomplish this objective, we employed a methodology that involved a comprehensive review of relevant literature. The symbols found on punch-mark coins encompass representations of the state, the emblem of the coin maker, the emblem of the family associated with the coin, and the emblem of the authority responsible for verifying the coin's legitimacy. It is important to note that these symbols do not exclusively pertain to a single religious or social group. Instead, they reflect the thoughts, beliefs, and attitudes of the general populace at the time.
