Symposia & Conferences
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Item Foreign Policy Adjustments and Sri Lanka's Tourism Recovery in the Post-Easter Sunday Attacks(Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2023) Marasinghe, Navodya; Bandara, P.K.B.H.R.In response to the profound challenges posed by the Easter Sunday Attacks, this study explores the pivotal role of foreign policy adjustments in facilitating the recovery of Sri Lanka's tourism industry. After the Easter attack in 2019, Sri Lanka‟s tourism industry suffered a severe setback. But at the same time, we can see the local tourism industry rising as usual. This research holds significance by highlighting the pivotal role of foreign policy changes in rejuvenating a nation's tourism sector after a major crisis, providing valuable insights for academia and policymakers alike. The purpose of our research is to investigate and analyze the factors that led to the rapid recovery of the local tourism industry in Sri Lanka. Through this research, we hope to discuss the strategies employed by Sri Lanka in the field of local tourism in rebuilding the tourism industry that collapsed during the post-Easter attack period. The study is based on a qualitative method using secondary data sources. Key findings of this research include a comprehensive analysis of the foreign policy changes adopted by Sri Lanka post-Easter Sunday Attacks, the identification of their direct impact on tourism recovery, and the assessment of the overall effectiveness of these policy adjustments in rebuilding the country's tourism sector. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of the relationship between foreign policy and crisis recovery in the tourism industry context. In the years since the Easter attacks, we can clearly see that the strategies used by Sri Lanka to attract local tourists to their tourist centers have been very successful.Item Achieving SDG’s 2, 3 and 4 in Sri Lanka by 2030; Case Studies from Ampara, Badulla and Monaragala Districts(Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2023) Pathirana, K.P.K.K.The United Nations magnify 2030 agenda which include seventeen SDG‟s to initiate the ground plan to reach sustainability in the future lives of human world. In consonance with the SDG‟s zero hunger, Good Health and Well-being and quality education in Sri Lanka addressing with the explicit focus on malnutrition and protecting child rights in the districts of Badulla, Ampara and Monaragala functioning as the pioneering areas which are suffering from highest rate of malnutrition and the violation of the child rights. One in two children in Sri Lanka going huger and rising malnutrition among children has become forefront concern with the prevailing social and economic disrupts. To address these issues this case stand ongoing initiatives in Badulla, Monaragala and Ampara that aim to improve nutrition, healthcare and child rights. Through the study, its clearly emphasized the involvement of mentioned SDG‟s to enhance the status of children using the mechanisms of government, NGO‟s , UN and UNICEF humanitarian assistance to enhance the social environment. Attain the expected outcome of the study used both primary data such as interviews and discussions then as the secondary data sources used journals, newspapers, government reports, UN and UNICEF records, books. A balanced exploration required to understand the shape of UN framework in Sri Lanka to promote the child rights via fulfilling the basic needs surpassing the prevailing social circumstances.Item The Impact of Sri Lanka’s Post-Pandemic Visa Policy on the Revival of its Tourism Sector(Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2023) Sheriffdeen, Azeeza; De Silva, Chirathma WanasingheTourism plays a pivotal role in the economic and development landscape of Sri Lanka serving as a significant contributor to the country‟s GDP. The industry was adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic resulting in adverse economic consequences. At present, the country‟s tourism sector is making efforts to regain its prominence. Alongside the recovery of the tourism industry, Sri Lanka has implemented several post pandemic visa policy changes. The research centers on identifying a decline in long-term tourist stays in the island-nation, a phenomenon with far reaching implications for Sri Lanka‟s economy even if the government announces the profitability of the new visa regulations. By examining the primary source markets for Sri Lanka‟s tourism in both pre and post pandemic context, this study delves into how the altered visa system has impacted the duration of tourist‟s visit. The study conducts a comparative analysis to compare the disparities between the duration of tourist stay in the country before and after the pandemic outbreak. This study demonstrates that the period of tourist stay has declined in the post-pandemic era. It further illustrates that the changes of visa policy in the post COVID-19 context is a significant cause for such decline. The research uses both primary and secondary data in gathering information. The objective of the study is to demonstrate how the renewed visa regulations have affected Sri Lanka‟s tourism, hotel sector and overall economy and presents recommendations for reforms in the renewed visa process.Item Structural Reforms to Social Safety Nets in Post-Pandemic Sri Lanka; Challenges and Way Forwards(Department of Library and Information Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2023) Kahagolla, G.J.D.S.D. MeunaCatastrophic socioeconomic and political shocks in recent years exacerbated pre-existing vulnerabilities in post-pandemic Sri Lanka. As this situation was not a position that the Government of Sri Lanka could face alone, the implications of the IMF's Extended Fund Facility arrangements were called for to stabilize the existing economy. A grant direction that is given attention here is the strengthening of social safety nets. To that end, the implementation of institutional reforms and the establishment of a Welfare Benefit Board are two key recommendations to protect and support vulnerable communities in Sri Lanka. However, the new beneficiary eligibility criteria and the structural benchmark have created a problematic situation among vulnerable communities. This paper investigates the challenges and drawbacks, which impacted on implementing the new reforms to strengthen the Social Safety Net in Sri Lanka. Furthermore, it intends to identify the positive measures that can be applied to mitigate the challenges to the Social Safety Net framework. This study is based on qualitative secondary data resources, namely government reports IMF and World Bank reports websites and archived research. Collected data has been analysed using the descriptive approach. Under social safety nets, a transition period is required to implement the new structural benchmarks and eligibility criteria introduced to protect vulnerable communities. And, because dealing with vulnerable communities is a sensitive matter, they can be protected and strengthened vulnerable communities by providing the necessary environment for their livelihoods and livelihoods. These measures will be a long-term approach to economically stabilize vulnerable communities and strengthen Sri Lanka's economy.Item Women's Economic Empowerment in Sri Lanka(Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2023) Ovitigala, C.S.This study focuses on women's economic empowerment in Sri Lanka, the measures implemented by the Ministry of Women, Child Affairs, and Social Empowerment to promote women's economic participation and assess their effectiveness. The study aims to understand the concept of women's economic empowerment, the measures taken by the Ministry, and their impact on women's economic empowerment in Sri Lanka. The research methodology involves a comprehensive review of existing literature, policy documents, and reports related to women's economic empowerment and the Ministry's initiatives. The study examines the measures implemented by the Ministry, such as skills development programs, access to financial resources, entrepreneurship support and policy advocacy. Through analysis and evaluation, the research assesses the outcomes and impact of these measures on women's economic empowerment, including factors such as increased employment opportunities, income generation, access to financial services, and improved socio-economic conditions. The study also identifies any gaps, challenges, or limitations that hinder the full realization of women's economic empowerment in Sri Lanka. Based on the findings, the research provides recommendations for further improvement and advancement in women's economic empowerment efforts. These recommendations include enhancing access to education and skills development, promoting financial inclusion, strengthening market linkages, and advocating for gender-responsive policies. Overall, the study emphasizes the importance of ongoing efforts to promote women's economic empowerment in Sri Lanka and suggests strategies to further enhance the Ministry's initiatives for a more inclusive and prosperous society.Item Reshaping International Trade: Adapting to Economic Realities in a Post-Pandemic World(Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2023) Kumarathunga, M.P. Nuwanthi MadhushaniThe COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted international trade, causing disruptions in global supply chains and imposing trade restrictions. Sri Lanka, an emerging economy, has faced challenges in maintaining trade flows and addressing public health concerns. This abstract aims to analyze the impact of the pandemic on global trade patterns and supply chains, evaluate Sri Lanka's trade performance, identify opportunities and challenges, and propose policy recommendations to enhance trade resilience and competitiveness. The study will employ a mixed-methods approach, analyzing trade trends and policy responses. Qualitative analysis will involve reviewing trade-related literature and conducting interviews with trade experts. Quantitative data will be collected from international trade databases and national statistical sources. The study will cover the period from the onset of the pandemic to the present, analyzing trade trends and policy responses. The findings will provide valuable insights for Sri Lanka's trade policymakers and business community, suggesting policy recommendations such as diversifying export markets, investing in digital infrastructure, streamlining trade procedures, and enhancing trade promotion efforts. Based on the research findings, policy recommendations may include diversifying export markets, investing in digital infrastructure, streamlining trade procedures, and enhancing trade promotion efforts. These measures aim to strengthen Sri Lanka's position in the global marketplace and ensure its economic resilience in a post-pandemic world. In summary, the COVID-19 pandemic has reshaped the international trade landscape, presenting both challenges and opportunities for Sri Lanka. This research proposal seeks to explore the impact of the pandemic on global trade and Sri Lanka's role within this transformed environment, providing policy guidance for the country to thrive in a post-pandemic world.Item Emerging Foreign Development Assistance Issues in Post Pandemic Era: A Case Study on Hambantota Port(Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2023) Gunasekara, D.M.A.M.Sri Lanka was one of the most prosperous nations, and also Sri Lanka faced an economic crisis. The pandemic has posed significant challenges to Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka's economy has suffered significant losses in foreign exchange earnings. And ever since, the country has heavily depended on foreign loans and financial aids. The Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) was the main obstacle to such a wish coming true. The goals of Sri Lanka's growth were dependent on the assistance provided by powerful nations like China. These aids, which came in the form of loans, enabled Sri Lanka forge new diplomatic & economic ties, and construct new strategic assets like the Hambantota port, which would increase foreign investment in the nation and increase worldwide connectivity in order to promote international trade. To investigate the emerging issues of the Hambanthota port development project in the areas of economic, politics and security, understand the strategic effects faced by the third parties due to the Sri Lanka & to get a clear understanding about the outcomes and in which direction the port will lead Sri Lanka‟s economic, political, security and strategic international relation status were the main objectives of this research. Being a pearl in China's "String of Pearls" policy, Sri Lanka may have been caught in a Chinese debt trap. China's development support has completely changed Sri Lanka's standing. The effects of the work done through these loans have benefited the broader people to a greater extent. The public frequently questioned the necessity of new initiatives and international accords as well as their intended outcomes, but wise acts of diplomacy have managed to keep the people in control to an extent. This research was focused on the Hambantota port and its effects on the economic, political, and security spheres in post pandemic era. Data and information for the study has been gathered from both primary and secondary sources. The research approach classified as qualitative. Mainly, the various elements impacted by the growth of the Hambantota port in post pandemic era thoroughly examined in this research.Item Changing Dimensions of Sri Lankan Economy with the Surge of Crypto currency during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysis of Sri Lankan Crypto currency through Global Crypto Frameworks(Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2023) Sewmini, R.A.C.Crypto currency is a virtual currency without being backed by any tangible reserve. According to „Pauxful‟, a Bitcoin trading platform, the monthly trading volume of Sri Lanka during 2019-2021 was 730% parallel to the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite its‟ popularity, Crypto currency is not still considered as a legal tender in Sri Lanka. Rather, the market volume of Crypto currency in Sri Lanka is LKR 9, 637, 613 with over 320,000 user base. But on the other hand, Crypto-related illicit activities have also raised financial issues in Sri Lanka emphasizing the need of a regulatory mechanism which already many international countries have implemented at present. The main research problem of this study is to investigate why Sri Lanka is not regulating Crypto currency to mitigate financial insecurities to harness the benefits. The main objective of this study is to examine the financial threats born out of Sri Lankan Crypto while investigating how international countries have mitigated their risks through the policy frameworks that have been implemented. This study is a qualitative research based on secondary data. Findings reveal that the anonymity of the Crypto wallet which hides the transaction history and user identity is the main cause for financial insecurities further emphasizing that Sri Lanka's need to strengthen the Know Your Customer (KYC) and Anti Money Laundering (AML) regulations to ensure market integrity in compliance with the legal and regulatory framework. Indeed, there exists an imperative need for proper financial governance in Sri Lanka to address the Crypto currency market lacunas.Item Analyzing the Economic Growth of Sri Lanka after the Post Pandemic Era with Special Reference to Tourism Industry(Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2023) Kavindya, M.K.U.; Gamlath, G.R.Y.M.The tourist sector is one of Sri Lanka's most significant sources of revenue. But due to the absence of tourists visiting Sri Lanka because of the pandemic's effects, the economy significantly deteriorated during that time. All Sri Lankans' lives were drastically altered because of this economic disaster. The significance of this is to lay the foundation needed to develop Sri Lanka's economic prosperity. The authorities responsible for the tourism sector have, however, put into practices several strategies, including improving digital presence and online marketing, adopting health and safety protocols and certification schemes, offering financial relief and stimulus packages, supporting the unofficial sector and community-based tourism, and strengthening institutional capacity and coordination. Additionally, it is evident that the tourism sector is rebounding significantly thanks to non-authority sources' efforts for revenue generation, employment opportunities, infrastructure development, and cultural exchange. As a direct result of the expanding tourism sector, Sri Lanka's economy is also expanding to some extent. Research literature, Articles, Web sites, Journals are used as secondary data in this research. Several countries such as United Arab Emirates, Greece, Egypt and also South Asian countries such as Vietnam and Thailand have focused on developing their tourism industries in the post-pandemic era to stimulate economic growth and recovery. This study highlights Sri Lanka's economic recovery post-pandemic due to the collapse of the tourism sector. However, current measures are insufficient. But suggests implementing politically required measures could boost the economy and potentially revive other nations' tourism sectors.Item Analyzing India’s Need for Permanent Membership of United Nations Security Council(Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2023) Somarathna, G.M.J.P.; Jayawardhana, J.M.C.D.The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is crucial for assessing the integration of rising powers, with India‟s case exemplifying a developing power adapting to its expanded role and expectations. India‟s quest for permanent membership in the UNSC has been a longstanding diplomatic endeavor. India is one of the fastest-growing economies in the world and a major player in the Asia-Pacific region. India, as one of the world‟s largest and most populous democracies, has consistently argued that its inclusion as a permanent member in the UNSC is not just a matter of national pride, but a necessity for global stability and equity. The country has long sought permanent membership in the UNSC to reflect its growing stature on the global stage. This research paper provides an analysis of India‟s need for permanent membership in the UNSC. As far as the methodology of the research is concerned, this is qualitative research based on secondary data. The main sources of data collection include government reports, academic literature, websites, and other relevant sources. This research paper explores India‟s historical ties to the Security Council, its objectives, reform initiatives, and methods for securing a permanent seat. It analyzes India‟s growing economic and political power, commitment to global peace and security, and its current situation in the UNSC. The paper concludes that India‟s long-held desire for permanent membership can be realized through a realpolitik, pragmatic strategy involving tough power negotiations. However, potential challenges include tensions with neighboring countries and resistance from other UNSC members. The paper acknowledges India‟s justified bid for permanent membership and calls for the international community to seriously consider its role in shaping global security and governance.