Social Sciences
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Item Chinese Strategies towards Hegemonic Power Position(4th National Research Conference on Applied Social Statistics, Social Statistics Students’ Association, Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Kumarasingha, M.W.While the US has steadily been on the wane, China has risen as a hegemonic power in the international arena. China's economic, political and military influence has been increasing from the different perspective. In 2016, China was the world largest exporter and second largest importer of the merchandise goods. It also had the world's largest Foreign Exchange Reserves, as of January 2018, China is the number one US treasury holder. Already China has been dominated South Asia, Africa and Latin America by strategically. By using different investment project and unconditional economic assistance, taken the powerful political decision, as well as augmentation of Confucianism China, has been focused on Global hegemony. This study examine the strategies used by China towards becoming as global hegemony by defeating US’s unipolar system. And further, it examines by these dramatically and strategically influence, weather China will be able to be a superpower? This study based on the secondary data derived from various websites, previous research related to the subject area, World Bank report and consider qualitative manner analysis. Today the biggest challenge for the United States is to use old and new strategies of both co-operation and coercion to manage the rise of China. But it can ascertain that using various strategies China will succeed the US as the Global hegemony within the next 10 or 20 years and the fate of the world will be changed in the most extensive procedureItem Post Conflict Reconciliation as a Strategy Promote Tourism; Special Reference to ongoing Reconciliation Process in Sri Lanka (Western Province in Sri Lanka)(Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2015) Dilrukshi, N.G.A.C.M.; Abeshinhe, C.After ended Sri Lanka-LTTE conflict in 2009, there is an ongoing reconciliation process in Sri Lanka. And also, dynamic growth in tourism industry in Sri Lanka. Ongoing Post Conflict Reconciliation process takes the major role under this scenario. The researcher takes effort to find out the ongoing reconciliation process whether impact to promote tourism and to give recommendations to increase tourism promotion strategies. The main objective of this study is to identify whether the post conflict reconciliation process has helped to promote the tourism industry. Other objectives are identify the post conflict reconciliation process in Sri Lanka, Study Strategies of post conflict Tourism promotion in Sri Lanka. Recognize people attitudes in village community in study area, effectiveness of reconciliation process for the growth of post conflict tourism in Sri Lanka. This research study is comprised primary data and secondary data and has done mix method (qualitative and quantitative) research study using books, journals, reports, academic publications and web sites. Primary data collect by interviews and questionnaires to analyze the research. The target population was fifty village community in Nilaweli area and twenty Local and International tourists in this area. Structured questionnaire and open ended interviews were used to collect data. Respondents were village community, local and International tourists and hotel managers or owner who were involved in tourism sector The research study has highlighted regional development, tourism promotion strategies, protection, Employment, freedom, integration, education, and other regional causes are affected to promote tourism. It has proved while follow the primary data which are included. In addition, it can be identified the ongoing reconciliation process has helped to promote tourism in Sri Lanka.Item Impact of Soft power usage by China and India in South Asia: case of Sri Lanka(Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2015) Weerasekera, W.K.N.; Gunasena, T.The concept of soft power instead of practicing hard power in international relations has become extremely popular in the contemporary global politics. In the twenty first century China is being on the spot light of the international politics in terms of its unique practice of power. Current relationship with Sri Lanka is a good example in the case of spreading Chines influence in the region through means of soft power. On the other hand China‟s strategically presence in the south Asian region has created security dilemmas to India by giving signals of a serious threat to its traditional stance being used towards its neighborhood. In the Sri Lankan point of view it has also become a serious challenge to the Sri Lankan government by moving on to a new pro Chinese policy from the diversified policy which had been followed for years. Therefore, the main objective of the study is to assess the domestic, regional and international impacts of soft power usage by China and India in Sri Lanka and to examine how far do China and India successful in soft power game strategies in Sri Lanka. The other objectives are the identification of the strategies used by China and India in order to influence Sri Lanka by means of soft power, determination of the nature of the triangular relationship among China, India and Sri Lanka and evaluation of the domestic, regional and international impacts of soft power usage by China and India in Sri Lanka. A content analysis method, using secondary data based on a review of existing literature on the issue and appropriate theories are used to achieve the obave objectives. Thus the findings of this study will benefit in developing new area of knowledge which will help the policy makers to drive their countries towards directions which will ensure their power status. Further researcher would hope that this study will encourage other researchers to explore more insights of soft power resources.Item Evaluation of Feed Management Strategies in Shrimp Culture Ponds in Sri Lanka(University of Kelaniya, 2005) Epa, U.P.K.; Wijeyaratne, M.J.S.; de Silva, S.S.Shrimp exports have become one of Sri Lanka’s major foreign exchange earners and accounts for nearly 90% of total aquaculture exports. The average feed costs for the Sri Lankan shrimp culture industry is estimated to be around 54% of the total recurrent costs. This study evaluated different feed management strategies in commercial shrimp farms with a view to bringing about improvements. Five shrimp farms with different management practices in the north western province, Sri Lanka were selected for the study. Feed selection, storage methods, feed types, feeding frequency, ration size, feeding tray monitoring, adjustments to feeding rates, and feed conversion ratios (FCR), specific growth rate (SGR) of shrimp were recorded weekly. Blind feeding was employed in all the farms from date of stocking to 30 – 45 days. It varied from 131.5 – 219.8 kg/ 100,000 post larvae and did not increase simultaneously with stocking density. No correlation was found between the amount of feed given with SGR during the blind feeding period (p > 0.05). These results suggest the probability of over feeding during the initial stage of the culture cycle. Adjustments to feeding rates were done according to feed tray (6 – 8 trays / ha) observations, feeding guide supplied by feed manufactures and theoretical survival calculations. Feed tray observation time varied from 1 h to 2.30 h. Feeding frequency was 2 – 6 times a day. Higher variation of these parameters emphasizes the need to standardize them for optimum feed usage. Four feed management information transfer channels were identified in shrimp farms. These were (i) owner - feed marketing officer (ii) labourer – manager - consultant (iii) supervisor - manager (iv) manager only. FCR values in the farms were 2.0, 1.5, 1.4, 1.4 – 1.3 with SGR of 2.5, 2.9, 3.3, 2.6 day-1, respectively. Information channels (i) and (ii) resulted in higher FCR values. It is suggested to pay more attention on information transfer channels in order to avoid over- feeding. Blind feeding, feeding frequencies and information transfer channels were identified as crucial areas that could be improved for the sustainable shrimp culture industry in Sri Lanka. With these improvements, the cost of feeding could also be minimized.Item Development Strategies in Sri Lanka: Lessons Drawn from a Comparative Review(University of Kelaniya, 2005) Fernando, R.L.S.Unbalanced development is a major cause of social disharmony and unrest as it widens the gap between the rich and the poor. Achieving a sustainable and balanced development is a major challenge for developing countries, and Sri Lanka is no exception. Sri Lanka has been experiencing various development strategies for the last five decades, but the country has yet to achieve at least its most basic development goals. This paper attempts to evaluate two main development strategies implemented by the successive governments of Sri Lanka. They are the import substitution strategies with a high degree of state intervention implemented from 1970 to 1976, and the privatization and free market policies implemented after the 1977 up to the present. It is evident that the results of these development strategies are not much satisfactory. It is also evident that the very state interventionist strategies had contributed to social unrest and disharmony in the country because of a high incidence of unemployment and poverty. The latter strategy has also contributed to the same, as only a few groups of people have highly benefited from these existing development processes. Therefore, it is imperative to search an alternative approach to the development process towards a long-term sustainable economy. In this regard, a balanced approach in which both active and strong, but more selective government intervention with the market mechanism would be proposed as an alternative model for development as the final goal of the development would be to improve the quality of life of the majority of its citizen. The study is mainly based on the secondary data issued by the Central Bank of Sri Lanka and other related documents. The analysis will be mostly descriptive in nature and some economic and social indicators will also be used as appropriate.