Social Sciences
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Item Understanding the public sphere of tribal society in Central India(4th International Conference on Social Sciences 2018, Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Oraon, P.K.The central Indian tribal societies are mobilising themselves to protect their rights over land ownership. The recent phenomena of land acquisition brought upheaval in the society, as the whole social, cultural and economic system of tribal society is connected with the ownership of land system. To protect their land, tribal revived and utilised their traditional form of public sphere to communicate with the government. They evolved their own public sphere (pathalgarhi) to deliver their message of resistance. For protesting the land acquisition pathalgarhi become the strongest medium of resistance. Tribal carved out their constitutional rights over Pathal (stones) and establishes it to the entry of each villages communicating that no one can acquire land without the permission of Gram Sabha (the village council). The issues started covering a big space in the dominant media when tribals started to resist the land acquisition and mobilise people through ‘pathalgarhi’. It provided a challenge to the government authority which is controlling the community by imposing policies of development. The tribal area in India has been protected and regulated under special provision of the constitution but there is loops between the practice and the constitutional rights. Therefore, the major research problem focussed around that the state’s constitutional right given to tribal, when they are utilising under their own traditional form of public sphere as Pathalgarhi movement, how the state responding to their expression? whether, state is reacting, or giving space to the expression? Demonising their expression or dealing and accepting their expression? To cover the loops the recent phenomena of Pathalgarhi movement has been observed. The expression of dominant media over this movement and the participation of tribal people in their public sphere have been mapped. For understanding the expression of dominant media local newspapers content and national newspapers coverage has been analysed (Content analysis) and for understanding the participation of tribal people in their public sphere, a survey has been conducted and semi structured interviews have been conducted. The study finds its relevance in understanding the conflicted relationship between public sphere and state. In other words, the study aims in understanding the state’s relationship with its people focussing their communication with each other.Item Globalization and the Developmental Role of a State: The Sri Lankan Experience from its Independence to date(Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Kanchana, D.G.National states have to manage their developmental activities by responding to globalization. Globalization is not a totally new thing which has come far away from the state and its behavior. It is also a result of states’ activities. But, states and their developments have been threatened by the globalization. Actually, globalization opens windows for lifting up the levels of states in a positive way by making opportunities such as technology improvements, collectivism, providing aids, knowledge sharing, etc. It also opens the windows for threats towards states’ development. This study was focuses on this issue and there were two main objectives; firstly; to identify the role which is played by the state of Sri Lanka in managing its development in an increasingly globalized world from its independence in 1948 to date and secondly; to find out the challenges which are being faced by the state in Sri Lanka in managing its development with global impacts. The study is based on qualitative approach and by using the content analysis method; secondary data collected from the sources such as published books, journal articles, websites and government’s reports. One can conclude that the global process is biased towards the developed world whereas developing countries like Sri Lanka faces enormous troubles. The Sri Lanka has taken many steps to develop its capacity as a prerequisite to the development, i.e. enabling an environment for doing businesses (its business density recorded as 0.51 by 2012) and use of e-governance in curbing corruptions. Globalization and its means sometimes lead to internal political struggles since the party politics and their political agendas are shaped by them. Due to the contextual mismatching of the reforms’ initiatives which were introduced by the donors, the country has lost its conventional administrative framework too. Sri Lanka has become a fragile state through the economic liberalization policies―e.g. the country has lost the indigenous strength of the stock market and it cannot bear the sudden market failures which always happen in the international market.