Social Sciences

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The Spatial Changes in Water Quality in the Upper Stream of the Polgolla Reservoir Catchment
(Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Jayarathne, E.G.M.
Polgolla Reservoir Catchment (PRC) is distributed in the Upper Mahaweli River basin, Central Province of Sri Lanka. The catchments of Major Rivers in Sri Lanka are being polluted due to various factors that made by human intervention for development. Therefore it is indispensable to explore the current level of water quality in the river catchments areas, which feed major water courses providing surface water for the people. PRC is the one of importance catchment area in Mahaweli river basin. The main objective of my study was to determine the processes and factors affecting the water quality changes in the sub catchment PRC using Geospatial technology. The data was collected on eight water quality parameters, in the ten locations, which are selected purposively at different elevations in the catchment and analyzed using Contour layers. The water quality spatial variation map was prepared by using IDW and weighted overlay tools in Arc GIS. The final map shows the high, moderate and low polluted areas of the PRC.
Geographical Information Systems: An efficient Method for the Selection of Student for Grade One in Government Schools of Sri Lanka
(University of Kelaniya, 2005) Amarasinghe, A.G.; Senarathna, H.M.P.K.
Finding a school for the children who wish to enter the year one of government schools has become one of the most crucial problems in education system of Sri Lanka. It is evident that, selecting qualified students for the year one is a major issue faced by the relevant authorities. At the same time, it is clear that both parties involved deviate from the normal procedure adopted in the selection process. Sometime selection personnel have been bribed, especially when the needed requirements are insufficient. There are instances where qualified students have not been selected for admission to school. In such instances parents are compelled to bribe the officers. It is opined that such incidents occur due to the lack of efficient information needed for selection of students. These issues can be handled easily with the help of available computer aided technology such as Geographical Information Systems (GIS). GIS can handle relevant qualitative and quantitative data. Using these data it is easy to determine the geographical location and get other information that are curtail to select the student. Maps, diagram, images or photos can be added and create a database to verify the dictions. Once the selection is made, the database can be duly updated throughout the student’s career in the particular school as well as other national institutes that required such data.
Visualizing invisible: use of GIS in settlement archaeology in Sri Lanka, a case study in Lower Kirindi Oya Basin
(University of Kelaniya, 2005) Fernando, R.
Ancient Landscapes are a key unit of study in archaeology. Landscape is a complex entity that included in a given environment. Archaeologists concern about the cultural landscapes. Cultural landscape is a manmade phenomenon. Different societies perceive their environments through the perspectives delineated by their cultural norms. Therefore the cultural landscape changes frequently. Archaeologists obtain the aid of artificial intelligence to confront the challenges of reconstructing ancient cultural landscapes. Notably the uses of GIS based computer application in archaeology have reflected a great potential in this regard. To depict the changing facets of the ancient landscape needs abstract models. These models are based on the cognitive capacity of the observe and the technical sophistication of the computer software. A GIS application was conducted to re construct the changing cultural landscape of the lower Kirindi Oya basin in the Hambanthota District. 300km2 area around the Tissamaharama town was exploded. As a result, 127 archaeological sites have been discovered. Subsequent analysis shows that those sites represent a period of nearly two millennia from 900 BCE to 1400 CE. During this period the geographical distribution of the settlement has considerably changed. Human activities have influenced to change the natural landscape of the area in high degree intensity. Constructions of two irrigation dams across Kirindi Oya in early first millennium CE caused a negative impact to the ecology resulting the complete disappearance of the tributaries of Kirindi Oya.The present paper seeks to describe the conceptualization and the application of the reconstruction of the cultural landscape of the past 2000 years in the lower Kirindi Oya basin. Virtual archaeology is a new filed that combines archaeology and computer to reconstruct of the past. It can be used numerous ways as extensively. Roman Pompeii offers an excellent example: The whole city successfully vanished in AD 79, when mound Vesuvius erupted and hidden it under a thick mantle volcanic ahs. The section of Pompeii have been modeled and reconstructed in virtual reality application by archeologist (Renfrew 1977, p.1). Geographical information system is a recent analytical tool combine with computer in the field archeology. It has been used to simulate diachronic changes in past landscape and intra site analysis (Kvamme, 1989).

Social Sciences

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