Social Sciences
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Item Economic Revival of Germany: A New Economic Hegemon in the European Union (Post World War II)(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Kulathunga, K.D.After the Second World War, countries of the European Union had collapse and their economies have severely damaged. Because of this, they had to face an economic recession. To face this great depression different countries adopted different economic models and political economic policies. But Germany is the only country which was recovered stronger and quicker, when compared to other countries. This economic recovery known as “Wirtschaftswunder”. According to the political economic performances of the Germany, without a doubt, it has achieved a remarkable millstone in development process. Therefore, the problem of this study is, how Germany was able to achieve economic stability and economic growth, compared with other European countries. Based on the research problem, objectives of the research are to identify the German hegemonic role in the European Union and to explore the development policies which have been implemented to enhance Germany’s economic growth and stability in past Second World War scenario. To conduct this research, qualitative and quantitative methods have been used. Due to the difficulty of gathering primary data, because this research is based on another country, secondary data have been used. IMF economic statistics data used to analyze and examine the rapid economic growth of Germany compared to other states in the European Union. This study used the descriptive analytical tools and techniques to analyze the data. From this study we can learn how Germany recovered from these major crises by adopting and implying economic theories and in the future, we can apply these theoretical findings of the research to contribute to the economically struggling nations to strengthen their economyItem The Consequences of Brexit for the UK(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Dulmini, K.A.P.This research aims to analyze the consequences of Brexit for the United Kingdom. European Union is an organization made after the II world war to establishing peace among member countries. The Referendum has been held by the United Kingdom became a significant incident in world history. 28 countries were as member countries and now it became 27 after the withdrawal of the UK. This Research has followed only secondary data and consist both qualitative and quantitative data. Furthermore, this research aims to find out the positive and negative consequences of the Brexit, the people of the United Kingdom needs a change from the long period of the process of the European Union. The people had many reasons for accepting the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union. On behalf of that, the Prime Minister who was in that time called a referendum and pursuit the response of people, after that the result remained opposite the Prime Minister’s idea. As a consequence of that, the Prime Minister had to resign and obey the view of people in the United Kingdom. According to the findings, many issues have been faced by the United Kingdom after Brexit. They had a loss in the Schengen area facilities, imposed higher tariffs on imports, Brexit could also affect the economy of the United Kingdom through changes in investment, migration, and regulation. Besides that, there are some good impacts happen in the United Kingdom after the Brexit as well. The people could know their country’s internal situations, the Brexit has given the various results for the United Kingdom, the political and economic sectors have been influenced more by the Brexit and the government of United Kingdom has to empower their people than a pre-Brexit periodItem The Refugee Crisis: A European Policy Failure.(1st International Studies Students’ Research Symposium-2017 (ISSRS 2017) ,Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Nanayakkara, M.D.The outbreak of unprecedented number of people from Middle Eastern and African countries -fleeing from war, persecution, and unrelenting poverty-have been crossing borders into and within Europe, traversing the Mediterranean, the Balkans, and the English Channel. This refugee crisis has created a vast range of spillover effects turning immigration, asylum, border control, and state sovereignty into interconnected problems, making migration not only a political event but also a media spectacle all over the world. The evolving context of this crisis continues to throw up new challenges for the European Union requiring robust systems and policies that can be adapted to meet them. Refugee protection efforts in Europe have continuously suffered from substantial collective efforts in the area of policy making due to the restrictive policy measures adopted by European region. Although the number of protection programs in European has increased in recent years, mal-integration and lack of consensus within the nations continue to grow within the region. The diverse agendas followed by the countries in the European region have in one way or the other influenced the refugee crisis at a larger scale, increasing the repercussions of the crisis. Thus, the response of the European nations has been quite lamentable. Hence, this paper examines how the refugee protection obligations of European countries have been affected by increasing lack of consensus in the European Union. The objective of this paper is to identify the discrepancies between European policies implemented on refugee crisis and it intends to find out possible means in building a successful European Refugee Policy. Further, this paper is conducted as a qualitative study with the use of secondary data under the refugee crisis and the European policies. In conclusion, this paper will discuss hurdles faced by the European region in drafting refugee protection policies, argue on the overburdening risks of the prevailing measures and aims to provide recommendations to the divided Europe to unify its’ policies.Item The applicability of adopting European Union’s integration model in South Asia: A comparative analysis of EU and SAARC(Department of Economics, University of Kelaniya, 2016) Gunasena, T.The European integration is three decades older than the South Asian integration. At present European Union (EU) stands as an outstanding regional body with huge success in the world. South Asian integration has not yet completed the basic premises of economic integration and the aim of this paper is to comparatively analyze the two regional integration processes and to identify how far is it appropriate to adopt the European integration model to accelerate the South Asian integration in the future. One specific objectives of this paper is to identify the core differences between the two regional settings and next objective is to determine the theoretical relevance of certain existing theories in describing the two integration processes. Another specific objective is to evaluate the suitability of adopting EU model in South Asia and then to recommend the necessary reforms for South Asia to attain better integration. To that end the data triangulation method has been used to accumulate secondary data from multiple sources available in electronic and printed form including books, journals, web, reports, historical records and treaties. Qualitative content analysis has been used since this is a documentary analysis and Content analysis evaluate document texts and to test theoretical relevance to understand data more comprehensively and scientifically. It will test prevailing theories in different contexts when compare the categories of different settings. Key findings depicts that there is a sharp diversity between the EU and South Asian region in terms of trade, economic development, human development, industrialization, urbanization, trade liberalization, income levels, poverty alleviation and political integration. Amidst these differences the applicability of adopting the European model proves to be a failure due to many factors. The democratic nature of the countries and their practice of free market economic policies along with the successful resolutions for political tensions in Europe significantly caused the long term success of European integration whereas South Asian countries are suffering from huge diversities in economic, geographic, cultural, trade and military terms within the region and hesitate to cooperate with one another due to these differences. Indo-Pakistan political tensions blended with smaller states’ fear psychosis of Indian hegemony is the greatest constraint for better integration in South Asia. South Asia required rearranging the structure of its regional organization and opening avenues to discuss contentious issues among member states and needing to establish real democracies in their countries apart from building strong and reliable interactions among people to people contacts while adopting more comprehensive free market economic policies domestically.