Social Sciences
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Item The Most Influential Factors on Youth Female Unemployment Incidences in a Sri Lanka(4th International Conference on Social Sciences 2018, Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Perera, K.B.P.; Kularatne, M.G.; Wehigaldeniya, W.G.D.S.Unemployment is one of the key measures of economic health. The unemployment rate indicates the degree of usage of productive resources available in an economy. Everyone would be employed at some wage to maximize the efficiency of an economy. The Purpose of this study is to identify the most influential factors behind the high rate of youth female unemployment incidences in Sri Lanka. The secondary data, concepts and definitions used in annual report of Labour Force Survey (LFS) in 2015which has conducted by Department of Census and Statistics (DCS) is used for this study. The data analysed most influential factor of the youth female unemployment incidences in Sri Lanka based on the analysis of Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s Chi Square test and independent sample T-test.The research revealed that independent variables such as Sector, Province, Ethnicity, Religion, Marital status, Family size, Number of dependents, Relation to the household head, Monthly income level, Educational level, Literacy in English/Tamil and Completion of training relevant to occupation or selfemployment are influential factors of the Youth female unemployment incidences of Sri Lanka. However, among those factors Monthly family income is the most influential factor. Other than the Monthly family income Province, Level of education and Completion of relevant training program are also more influential factors rather than other categorical variables. In addition to categorical variables, Family size and Number of dependents also more influential factors on Youth female unemploymentItem Understanding the customer Satisfaction level of the physical and human facilities in the fitness center. With special reference to Sugathadasa National Sport Complex Fitness Center(4th International Conference on Social Sciences 2018, Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Silva, M.L.M.; Priyanjila, A.S.D.; Wehigaldeniya, W.G.D.S.; Pushpa Kumara, W.A.; Madusanka, R.W.B.M.D.In the present area, sports become a golden place in the whole world. Therefore countries spent a large amount of money to develop their sports facilities. Many people are using a fitness center to build or maintain their health, lifestyle, etc. there for many sports organizations have their owned fitness center. In the future fitness centers became a trend in society. The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between Customer Satisfaction (CS) with the Physical Environment Facility (PEF) and Human Facility (HF) on the fitness center. In this research approach, explanatory research style and deductive research approach. A sample group of this study includes customers in Sugathadasa National Sports Complex Fitness Center (SNSCFC). The simple random sampling method used for selecting the sample and closedended 150 questionnaires were used to collect data. The researcher used one-way ANOVA analysis to identify the significant difference between perceived facility value and demographic factors (gender, age, education, employment, income level) and chi-square analysis for identifying the relationship between both categorical variables. The descriptive results showed a significant association between CS & PEF and HF. PEF & HF have a significant relationship between customer satisfaction. According to the results, we observed a Strong association between the CS & PEF (P= 0.012), CS & HF (P=0.025). However, SNSCFC needs to develop their physical environment facilities for their customersItem Failures in Sport Talent Identification: A Case for “ADHISHTANA” Program(4th International Conference on Social Sciences 2018, Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Wehigaldeniya, W.G.D.S.; Ubesekara, B.M.E.J.; Weerakoon, W.M.R.K.At present most of countries are paying attentions for Sport Talent Identification Programs (STIP). The main purpose of this study is to identify factors that lead to failures of STIP. In the context Sri Lanka, the unit of analysis of this study is a monitor of ADHISTANA STIP. The primary data collected from 180 sample representing 50% of the total population though the questioners survey. The data used the analysed exploratory factor analysis to identify the factors affects in failures of STIP. The research revealed that eleven factors: Lack of the knowledge about STIP, Incomplete planning of the players supervision, Lack of support, Lack of awareness, Political interference, Non-systematic evaluation process, Abuse collaboration on education system and sport, Inability to use of technology, Control under the several organizations, Disqualified coaches, Minimum capacity of human resources are influence in failures of STIP. The most affect failure on STIP was Lack of the knowledge in STIP. The least affect failure was as Non-systematic evaluation process. Therefore, it recommended these the Policy makers, Programmers, Physical Education teachers, Athletes, Coaches can be whiled the results of this study at the success of STIPItem Service Quality and Its Impact on the Level of Tourist Satisfaction in Marine Based Recreation(4th Annual Research Symposium on Social Sciences and Humanities, 2017) Ranjan, W.; Anupa, J.; Wehigaldeniya, W.G.D.S.; Edirisinghe, I.T.Recreation is about activities, pastimes, and experiences which are freely chosen. They are usually undertaken in free time and produce feelings of well-being, fulfillment, enjoyment, relaxation, and satisfaction. Outdoor activity is leisure pursuits engaged in the outdoors, often in natural or semi-natural settings out of town. Recreation and leisure are important for living with challenges, taking risks, and experiencing new things. The water based recreation can be identified as an important part of outdoor recreation. Though it is found to be somewhat dangerous and adventurous, it is capable of entertaining people in an unprecedented manner. Every tourist has his own preferences in engaging water based recreational activities. All of these preferences need to be given attention in order to satisfy them. Tourists ‘satisfaction within water based recreation is determined by a number of factors. Out of those factors service quality is considered to be prominent factor. Service quality generally depends on reliability, assurance, tangibility, empathy, responsiveness. While service quality is designated by the above factors, level of satisfaction derived from service quality is critically influenced by the following factors such as age, gender, education level, monthly income. The study is significant and beneficial for the country. Currently tourism industry is growing fast in the country and it is required to provide a quality service. Recreation and leisure are important for living with challenges taking risk and experiencing new things. The water based recreation can be identified as an important part of outdoor recreation. Though it is found to be somewhat dangerous and adventurous, it is capable of entertaining people in an unprecedented manner. Marine recreational activities, which are dependent on nature and the quality of the aquatic environment, are influenced by some key factors including wind, sunshine and location. The geographical conditions, particularly the location and local climate transform the direction of main currents in the sea, which directly affect the quality of marine based sports. Therefore, visitors to choose a particular place as a tourism destination, the attractiveness of the above factors must be appealing enough to encourage tourists to visit and to be satisfied. From the perspective of the leisure experience, the process of engaging in leisure activities depends on a person's sensory, perception, mind, behavior along with the surrounding environment interaction. In the present study, the impact of service quality on tourist satisfaction has been evaluated in Bentota Sunshine Water Sports Center which is known to be more reputed water based recreational area in the country. It offers a number of activities and experience for both local and foreign tourist. In this aspect, a few studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect on location and local climate for the tourist satisfaction in marine based sports. In fact, no well documented evidence is found in such studies in Sri Lanka. As the level of satisfaction demand from these activities and experience not well documented, the extent to which visitors receive satisfaction from the services offered by recreational center. Objective The main objective of the study is to identify the association between tourist satisfaction and service quality with using geographical features in the Sunshine water sports center (SWSC). Methodology The methodology Applied in this exploratory study under the three headings such as sources of data sample and data analysis. This study was done subject to the following hypothesis which was formulated with the help of responsive conceptual frame work. According to that H1-There is a significant relationship between the five dimensions of service quality and selected geographical features for tourist satisfaction. In research method, there is deductive research approach. The Data collected from Questionnaire was developed for the tourist‘s satisfaction and service quality in Sunshine water sports center, Benthota. Service quality questionnaires were designed to focus on five major factors. (1) Reliability (2) Assurance (3) Tangibility (4) Empathy (5) Responsiveness. Five questions to tourist satisfaction and five General questions were designed in the questionnaire. The primary data was collected using stratified sampling in simple random method under quantitative approach. Therefore, the target group of this study was the tourists to in sunshine water sport center Bentota. In the research, sample is represented by the tourists who are arriving to SWSC. On each weekend, more than one hundred and fifty foreign tourists are coming to this water sport center. Considering current visitor arrivals one hundred and twenty tourists were selected as the sample. In this case, stratified sampling and simple random sampling was as following. According to stratified sampling within 2 days, the tourists to sunshine water sport center Bentota were administered the questionnaire and used as the sample. Pilot survey had been carried out to test the suitability of the questionnaire to the particular site. In this case 20 questionnaire were given to the tourists. According to the reliability test, positivevalue (Cronbach’s Alpha .89) could be obtained. Then the questionnaires were prepared in order to distribute among sample. Any question that utilized a Likert scale was coded with a number system. If the respondent circled five answers, according to objectives, satisfaction questionnaire has been visited by numerous researchers studying collegiate visitor satisfaction. In analyzing data researcher used, chi square and Cramer‘s V analysis tool in SPSS 21.0 statistical tool was used to present and analysis the data. Hypothesis is formulated to investigate relationship between tourist satisfaction and service quality. In this case as staticallytool, chi-square test was used by the researcher. By employing Cramer’s V association of factors at service quality on tourist satisfaction was measured. Findings Sunshine Water Sports Centre, out of the foreign tourists, both male and female tourists are same in numbers. In this survey data out of the 60 percent male respondents, 6.7 percent are disagree with overall service quality 29.1 percent are neutral and the rest of male reaching 16.6 percent are agree with the overall service quality. Out of 60.0 percent of total female respondents, disagree over service quality is expressed by 2.5 percent of females. 25.8 percent are neutral and remaining 21.7 percent agree with service quality. A highest score explained among 21-30 age groups participations in foreign tourists. None of the tourists were recorded above 60 age group. According to survey data, a highest percentage of foreign tourists are recorded in Europe region. North American tourists were the lowest among the observed tourist’s groups. Hypothesis were formulated to investigate relationship between tourist satisfaction and service quality, relationship between tourist satisfaction and geographical features. In this case as statistical tool, chisquare test was used by the researcher. By employing Cramer’s V association of factors at service quality on tourist satisfaction and geographical feature on tourist satisfaction were measured. For the convenience of recognition. Couple of hypothesis based on positive idea and negative idea were formulated. According to that when the degree of freedom is 16 and related value stands is 66.74 as Asymp. Sig at .000 and there is a significant relationship between status of the service quality and tourist satisfaction. Cramer’s V value .373 it means there is a strong relationship between service quality and tourist satisfaction and it is positive relationship. The degree of freedom is 16 and related value stands is 46.42 and Asymp. Sig at .000 and there is a significant relationship between status of the geographical features and tourist satisfaction. According to Cramer’s V value. 311. It means there is a strong relationship between geographical features and tourist satisfaction and it is positive relationship. Conclusion This study was conducted in reference to the Sunshine Water Sports Centre, Bentota. The findings reveal how to influence five dimension of service quality and geographical features for tourist satisfaction of in this study area. As far the relationship between independent variables and tourist satisfaction are concerned, it has been provided by this empirical study that there is clearly a positive relationship. In the other words, there are positive effects to tourist satisfaction from service quality and geographical features in Sunshine Water Sports Centre. In order to prove this, the researcher statistically tested how each tourist satisfaction is associated with the independent variables; five dimension of service quality and geographical features. All statistical tests which were scientifically undertaken clearly provide that there is a positive correlation between each independent variables and dependent variable. All of these chi square tests are significant. Based on the findings, the researcher made a conclusion that five dimensions and service quality (individually and together) are positively associated with tourist gender, age, region, and income. Further out of factors in service quality, most prominent factor influencing on tourist satisfaction is tangibility. Other factors: responsiveness, empathy, reliability, assurance affecting factors satisfaction respectively. Based on the findings, the researcher made a conclusion that geographical features and service quality (individually and together) are positively associated with tourist gender, age, region, and income.Item Application of Econometrics in Sport: A Probability Estimation of Getting ‘Out’ in ODI Cricket(Sri Lanka Forum of University Economists (SLFUE), Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, 2016) Ramanayaka, A.R.N.D.; Semansinghe, W.M.; Ohani, P.A.L.; Wehigaldeniya, W.G.D.S.Item Estimation of Leisure Benefit of Leisure Time Consumption as an Economic Product: A BAL analysis(Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Ramanaka, A.R.N.D.; Semasinghe, W.M.; Wehigaldeniya, W.G.D.S.; Oshani, P.A.L.; Dilshani, P.Y.H.; Dissanayake, N.B.Leisure benefits are non-monitory gains that lead to the positive changes in the needs of individuals or substantial environments, including interpersonal relationships, physical fitness, alleviation of social problems, and stabilization of communities. The purpose of this study was to estimate the leisure benefits of leisure time consumption for the national production. There was one independent variable called Leisure Time (LT) and dependent variable was Benefits of Leisure (BOL), in this study. The secondary and primary data were collected in a survey of a sample comprising on 60 person. The Benefits Approach to Leisure (BAL) is used to measure leisure benefits considering leisure benefits areas as a production for leisure time. According to the findings there is opportunity cost which borne their time choice and leisure and Revenue undertakings. On the other hand amount and quality of leisure time is important for people‘s well-being due to the direct satisfaction it brings. Additionally, leisure, taken in certain ways, is important for physical and mental health of a person. Leisure also contributes to the well-being of people other than the person directly enjoying leisure. When a person engages in leisure, the benefits gained are shared with others in a multitude of ways, including improvements in personal relationships, family functioning, and in terms of creation of social capital networks (at least from some types of shared leisure).Item Ranking Cricket Players According to Their Efficiency of Performances: A Criterion Formulation for a Minimum Error Team Selection(Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Ramanaka, A.R.N.D.; Bandara, K.A.W.P.; Wehigaldeniya, W.G.D.S.; Oshani, P.A.L.; Dilshani, P.Y.H.; Jayantha, K.This research suggests a new criterion for cricket team selection using data envelopment analysis (DEA) with the objective of selecting a team which has a minimum error in team selection. It proposes a DEA formulation for evaluation of cricket players in different capabilities and their efficiencies of performance using multiple outputs. For instances, batting, bowling all rounding, wicket keeping, and fielding capabilities. This evaluation determines efficient and inefficient cricket players and ranks them on the basic of DEA scores. The ranking can be used to choose the required number of players for a cricket team in each cricketing capability. A real data set which belongs to Sri Lankan Cricket team during ICC world cup 2015 is associated with the data analysis process. Cricket players having various capabilities is used to choose the best cricket team. For this purpose, the secondary data were derived from “ESPN” cricinfo web site (Which is reputed web site for international cricket data). The proposed method has the advantage of considering multiple factors related to the performance of players in multiple capabilities and aggregates their scores using a DEA model in linear programming frame work. This DEA aggregation gives the scores of players objectively instead of using subjective computations. The findings of this study suggest that DEA has the potential to select players to the Cricket team fairly. There for these findings cane be used to player’s selection in local and national cricket team selection as objective selection criteria.Item Production Possibility Frontier Application on Efficient Decision Making Regarding Leisure Time(Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2015) Wehigaldeniya, W.G.D.S.; Ramanayeka, N.The consumers are faced with a continuous choice over how to allocate their time between work and leisure. The opportunity cost, or price of leisure is the forgone earnings. If people behave rationally, they will only enter the labor market and continue to work as long as the benefits from income outweigh the benefits from leisure time. This study proposes a new insight on how people make optimum (Efficiency) production decision between Additional Income (AI) and Leisure Benefits (LB)? The purpose of this study was to build Production Possibility Frontier for Additional Income and leisure benefits. . Build up two hypotheses to achieve key objective those are H1- Opportunity cost is borne human of their time choice, and leisure and Revenue undertakings. H2- Convex Production possibility frontier is leisure benefits and additional revenue source. There was one independent variable called leisure time and two dependent variables were Benefits of leisure, additional income in this study. It was used secondary information and primary data as a data collection method in this study. The simple random sampling method used for this study and also there have been 60 leisure consumer selected as a sample in this study. It was used closed-ended questionnaire method to collect data and also used 5 licked scales for data processing. Data Envelope Analysis (DEA) is used as Linear Programming technique to measure efficiency and can be extended to include DMU‟s and expert preferences by incorporating optimum decision making for leisure benefits and additional income. According to the findings there is opportunity cost is borne their time choice and leisure and Revenue undertakings. On the other hand the convexity of relationship between AI and LB.