Medicine
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This repository contains the published and unpublished research of the Faculty of Medicine by the staff members of the faculty
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Item Quality of Life in children with functional constipation: A systematic review and meta-analysis(Elsevier-Mosby, 2019) Vriesman, M.H.; Rajindrajith, S.; Koppen, I.J.N.; van Etten-Jamaludin, F.S.; van Dijk, M.; Devanarayana, N.M.; Tabbers, M.M.; Benninga, M.A.OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the literature on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children with functional constipation and to identify disease-related factors associated with HRQoL.STUDY DESIGN:The Pubmed, Embase, and PsycINFO database were searched. Studies were included if they prospectively assessed HRQoL in children with functional constipation according to the Rome criteria. Articles were excluded if patients had organic causes of constipation and if HRQoL was only assessed after successful therapeutic interventions. A meta-analysis was performed calculating sample size-weighted pooled mean and SD of HRQoL scores. The quality of the studies was also assessed.RESULTS:A total of 20 of 2658 studies were included, providing HRQoL data for 2344 children. Quality of evidence was considered to be poor in 9 of the 20 studies (45%); 13 of the 20 studies reported sufficient data to be included in the meta-analysis. Pooled total HRQoL scores of children with functional constipation were found to be lower compared with healthy reference samples (65.6 vs 86.1; P < .01). Similar HRQoL scores were found according to self-report and parent proxy report. Hospital-based studies reported lower HRQoL scores as compared with community-based studies. Two studies reported on HRQoL scores of children with and without fecal incontinence, but no significant difference was found.CONCLUSIONS:HRQoL is compromised in children with functional constipationItem Effect of pollution on health of residents in an industrial area in Sri Lanka(American Medical Association, 2002) Premaratna, R.; Pathmeswaran, A.; Chandrasekara, B.; Dissanayake, A.S.; de Silva, H.J.The authors conducted a cross-sectional comparative prevalence study to evaluate the effect of pollution on individuals who lived in an industrial zone in Sri Lanka. In this study, 81 male and female children who were 1-12 yr of age and 158 adults (51 males, 107 females) in the industrial zone were matched with 73 children (32 males, 41 females) and 146 adults (58 males, 88 females), respectively, who lived in a nonindustrialized area and whose ages were similar to those of the exposed individuals. The authors used a pretested questionnaire and a detailed clinical examination, including peak expiratory flow rate measurements, to assess the prevalence of illness. Children in the industrial area were 2.3 times more likely to have unexplained episodic cough (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.98, 10.3) and 2.8 times more likely to have rhinitis (95% CI = 1.1, 7.1). The adult population was 2.1 times more likely to have unexplained episodic cough (95% CI = 1.13, 7.09), 3.7 times more likely to have unexplained headaches (95% CI = 2.2, 6.3), and adults had a significantly greater reduction in expiratory flow (peak expiratory flow rate = 446 - 92x [industrial area] + 91x [male] - 0.8x [years lived in the area]).Item The Health and nutritional status of school children in two rural communities in Sri Lanka(Blackwell Scientific Publications, 2000) Fernando, S.D.; Paranavitane, S.R.; Rajakaruna, J.; Weerasinghe, S.; Silva, D.; Wickremasinghe, A.R.There is growing evidence of considerable burden of morbidity and mortality due to infectious diseases and undernutrition in school children. This study describes the nutritional status and parasitic infections of school children in two areas of rural Sri Lanka. All children in four primary schools in the Moneragala district of Sri Lanka were included in the study. The height and weight of children were measured and anthropometric indices calculated. Stool and blood samples were examined for evidence of intestinal helminthiasis, malaria and anaemia. A greater proportion of boys than girls were underweight, wasted and stunted. Over 80 percent of the children were anaemic but did not apparently have iron deficiency anaemia according to their blood picture. The prevalence of parasitic infections such as hookworm and Plasmodium spp that may contribute to anaemia was low.