Medicine
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This repository contains the published and unpublished research of the Faculty of Medicine by the staff members of the faculty
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Item Parity of esteem: A global COVID‑19 vaccination approach for people with mental illnesses, based on facts from 34 countries; recommendations and solutions(Medknow Publications, 2024) Shoib, S.; Saeed, F.; Philip, S.; Chandradasa, M.; Das, S.; de Filippis, R.; Yousaf, Z.; Ojeahere, M.; Gad, H.K.; Yadivel, R.; Legris, Z.; Jatchavala, C.; Paul, R.; Gupta, A.K.; Handuleh, J.I.M.; Gürcan, A.; Costa, M.P.D.; Dannatt, L.; Ahmad, A.R.; Jaguga, F.; Saleem, S.M.; Sawitri, B.; Ari, N.; Islam, M.S.; Haque, M.A.; Őri, D.; Chumakov, E.; Swed, S.; Roza, T.H.; Islam, S.M.S.BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID 19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV 2), has detrimental effects on physical and mental health. Patients with severe mental illness are at higher risk of contracting the virus due to social determinants of health. Vulnerable populations include the elderly, people with pre existing conditions, and those exposed to SARS CoV 2. Unfortunately, only a few countries have updated vaccination strategies to prioritize patients with mental illnesses. Therefore, we aimed to explore whether individuals with mental disorders are prioritized in vaccine allocation strategies in different world regions. They are often neglected in policymaking but are highly vulnerable to the threatening complications of COVID 19. METHODS: A questionnaire was developed to record details regarding COVID 19 vaccination and prioritizations for groups of persons with non communicable diseases (NCDs), mental disorders, and substance use disorders (SUDs). NCDs were defined according to the WHO as chronic diseases that are the result of a combination of genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioral factors such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, respiratory diseases, and diabetes. RESULTS: Most countries surveyed (80%) reported healthcare delivery via a nationalized health service. It was found that 82% of the countries had set up advisory groups, but only 26% included a mental health professional. Most frequently, malignancy (68%) was prioritized followed by diabetes type 2 (62%) and type 1 (59%). Only nine countries (26%) prioritized mental health conditions. CONCLUSION: The spread of the coronavirus has exposed both the strengths and flaws of our healthcare systems. The most vulnerable groups suffered the most and were hit first and faced most challenges. These findings raise awareness that patients with mental illnesses have been overlooked in immunization campaigns. The range of their mortality, morbidity, and quality of life could have widened due to this delay.Item Adverse events following first dose of ChAdOxI nCoV-19 (Covishield) among health care workers in Sri Lanka(Sri Lanka College of Internal Medicine, 2021) Manilgama, S.R.; Hettiarachchi, N.M.; Jayasinghe, I.K.; de Silva, S.; Jayalath, T.; Wanigaratne, T.; Bandusiri, R.P.; Suganthan, N.; Sudarshan, P.; Pathirage, M.; Rajaratnam, N.; Senaratne, G.; Rajapaksha, V.; Wickramasinghe, A.; Kulaweera, M.T.D.Introduction: A community vaccination programme is crucial to combat COVID-19 pandemic. An independent post-vaccine surveillance is important to identify adverse events following immunization (AEFI) in the population. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of AEFI after covishield vaccination among all categories of health care workers (HCWs) after the first dose. Methods: A multicentred cross-sectional survey was conducted in six provinces. A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather demographic data and AEFI. Results: Of 5140, 67.8% were females. The mean (SD) age was 40.69 (±10.07) years. At least one comorbidity was reported in 15.4%, At least one AEFI was reported in 86.6% and 49.3% had local AEFI. Bodyaches(54.4%), headaches (57.3%), fever (58.4%), chills(51.2%)( fatigue(37.5%) and arthralgia (36%) were the most reported systemic AEFI. Majority lasted <24 hours. Pain and redness at the site were the most reported local AEFI. Mean duration of onset of fever and site of pain was 6.65 and 9.67 hours respectively. The population was divided into two groups according to the mean age; <40 and >40 years and, study parameters were compared. Most of the systemic (fever, nausea, fatigue, itching) and all local AEFI were significantly higher among the <40-year-old group. Reactions occurred within first 20 minutes in 2%. Anaphylaxes developed in 12 patients. History of an叩hylaxis, drug, or food allergies were reported in 0.6%, 2.8%, 6.7% respectively, they didn't show significant relation to current vaccine induced allergies or anaphylaxis. Despite having minor AEFI, 71.1% attended routine work while 0.2% were hospitalised and treated.