Medicine
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This repository contains the published and unpublished research of the Faculty of Medicine by the staff members of the faculty
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Item Effects of occupational exposure to organophosphate pesticides on nerve and neuromuscular function(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2002) Peiris-John, R.J.; Ruberu, D.K.; Wickremasinghe, A.R.; Smit, L.A.; van der Hoek, W.This study aimed to investigate whether occupational exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides caused neurophysiological abnormalities. Thirty farmers who regularly spray OP pesticides and 30 fishermen (controls), living close by but not involved in pesticide spraying, were evaluated during and between cultivation seasons. The farmers had higher erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase levels than the controls during (P = 0.06) and between cultivation seasons (P = 0.09). During the cultivation season, there was a significant reduction in erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase activity in both groups (P < 0.01). Significant differences between the farmers and controls were found in sensory conduction velocity (P = 0.04) and motor conduction velocity (P = 0.04) between cultivation seasons. Sensory conduction velocity was reduced significantly in farmers (P < 0.01) and in controls (P = 0.04) during the cultivation season. Effects of OP poisoning were seen both in farmers and in controls, who had no history of spray activities. Evidence of sensory dysfunction after acute exposure and sensory and motor impairment after long-term low-level exposure to OP was seen.Item Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis: a delayed complication of organophosphorus poisoning?(SAGE Publishing, 1994) de Silva, H.J.; Shanmuganathan, P.; Senanayake, N.No Abstract AvailableItem Scale to assess severity in organophosphorus intoxication: POP scale(SAGE Publishing, 1993) Senanayake, N.; de Silva, H.J.; Karalliedde, L.A.We have developed a clinical scale to assess severity or organophosphorus (OP) intoxication. Five common clinical manifestations of OP poisoning have been selected as parameters, each to be assessed on a 3 point scale varying from 0-2. Poisoning can then be graded as mild (score 0-3), moderate (score 4-7) or severe (score 8-11) when the patient first presents. The scale was validated using two consecutive series of 173 patients with OP poisoning. Correlations between the scores obtained on admission and three outcome variables, namely, death, the need for ventilatory support and the dose of atropine required in the first 24 hours after admission were significant. We believe that this scale would assist in grading severity of OP intoxication at first contact and help in predicting possible outcome.