Medicine
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This repository contains the published and unpublished research of the Faculty of Medicine by the staff members of the faculty
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Item The treatment of ulcerative colitis: from cure to a new disease(Ceylon Medical Association, 1994) de Silva, H.J.No abstract availableItem Coagulopathy and fibrinolysis following the bite of a hump-nosed viper (Hypnale hypnale)(Oxford University Press, 1996) Premawardena, A.P.; Seneviratne, S.L.; Jayanthi, S.; Gunatilake, S.B.; de Silva, H.J.No abstract availableItem Gastroenterology Update(Gastroenterological and Digestive Endoscopy Society Sri Lanka Colombo, Sri Lanka, 1993) Goonaratna, C.; de Silva, H.J.No abstract availableItem Side effects of drugs annual(Elsevier, 2001) de Silva, H.J.This chapter presents an overview and discusses the effects of various antiemetics. These drugs include cisapride, clebopride, domperidone, and 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. Clebopride can cause extrapyramidal syndromes, ranging from transient dyskinesia to persistent parkinsonism and tardive dykinesia. The efficacy and adverse effects of domperidone and metoclopramide have been compared in a double-blind, multicenter, randomized trial in 93 insulin-dependent diabetics with symptomatic gastroparesis. The safety and efficacy of the selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist alosetron in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome is reviewed. In patients with irritable bowel syndrome, alosetron increases colonic transit time and colonic compliance. Constipation is the most common adverse effect. Several histamine H2 receptor antagonists, such as like cimetidine, and ranitidine are discussed. The drug interactions associated with cimetidine are explained. Cimetidine can interact with other drugs by inhibiting hepatic cytochrome P450.Item Side effects of drugs annual(Elsevier, 1999) de Silva, H.J.This chapter describes the adverse effects of gastrointestinal drugs. The adverse effects of cisapride include abdominal cramps, diarrhea, headache, dystonic reactions, convulsions, and hypersensitivity. Cisapride cardiotoxicity in association with erythromycin is described in the chapter. Cisapride should be used with caution in patients with severe cardiac disease or other risk factors for developing dysrhythmias, particularly hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia. It should not be given to patients with intestinal obstruction, perforation, or hemorrhage. In adults, metoclopramide has been reported to cause gynecomastia and galactorrhea due to hyperprolactinemia secondary to its dopamine antagonist action. Adverse effects attributable to antiemetic therapy include facial rash, constipation, headache, and weakness. The increased risk of acute liver injury with cimetidine is seen mainly in the first two months of use. In a study discussed in the chapter, gynecomastia and a lobular carcinoma of the breast were reported in a patient with chronic gastric ulcer. The hematological adverse effects of ranitidine include leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, aplastic anemia, hemolytic anemia, and pancytopenia.Item Side effects of drugs annual(Elsevier, 2000) de Silva, H.J.This chapter provides an overview of gastrointestinal drugs. Some of the drug classes discussed include antacids, antiemetics, ulcer healing drugs, and cholelitholytic agents—bile acids. The chapter describes the clinical use of cisapride and its risk:benefit ratio in children. The most common adverse effects are diarrhea, abdominal cramps, borborygmi, and colic. Serious adverse events are rare and include isolated cases of extrapyramidal reactions, seizures in epileptic patients, cholestasis, and ventricular dysrhythmias, anorexia, and enuresis. Coadministration of anticholinergic drugs may compromise the beneficial effects of cisapride. Several treatments are available for promoting the healing of gastric and duodenal ulcers associated with the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). They include histamine receptor antagonists, proton pump inhibitors, and prostaglandin analogues. Proton pump inhibitors can interact with other drugs by increasing gastric pH, inhibiting hepatic cytochrome P450, or inducing specific isoforms of this enzyme system. However, drug interactions involving these isoenzymes and omeprazole or lansoprazole are uncommon and generally appear to be clinically unimportant.Item Occurence of tick bits and serological evidence of exposure to rickettsioses among Sri Lankan military personnel(International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2009) Premaratna, R.; Chandrasena, T.G.A.N.; Nawasiwatte, B.M.T.P.; Kulasiry, K.I.R.; Rajeev, S.; Bandara, K.B.K.R.G.W.; Rajapakse, R.P.V.J.; Kularatna, S.A.M.; de Silva, H.J.Abstract AvailableItem Predicted cost benifits of establishment of Ricckettsial didease diagnostics in Sri Lanka(American Society of Rickettsiology, 2008) Premaratna, R.; Dissanayake, I.; Chandrasena, T.G.A.N.; Attanayake, N.; de Silva, H.J.Abstract AvailableItem Rickettsial infections and their clinical presentations in the Western Province of Sri Lanka: A hospital based study(American Society of Rickettsiology, 2007) Premaratna, R.; Loftis, A.D.; Chandrasena, T.G.A.N.; Dasch, G.A.; de Silva, H.J.Abstract AvailableItem The role of antioxidants in filarial infection(Royal Society of tropical medicine and Higiene (RSTMH), American Society of tropical medicine and Higiene(ASTMH), British Society for Parasitology, 2000) Premaratna, R.; Chandrasena, T.G.A.N.; Senarath, S.; Chandrasena, L.G.; de Silva, N.R.; de Silva, H.J.Abstract Available