Medicine
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This repository contains the published and unpublished research of the Faculty of Medicine by the staff members of the faculty
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Item Hypoglycaemic and Hypolipidaemic effect of an ethylacetate fraction of Artocarpus heterophyllus (jak) leaves in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats(Sri Lanka Association for the Advancement of Science, 2009) Chackrewarthy, S.; Jayasekera, S.; Thabrew, M.I.; Weerasooriya, M.K.B.Previous investigations have shown that aqueous extracts of Artocarpus heterophyllus (jak) leaves (family Moraceae) can exert significant hypoglycaemic activity, and improve the glucose tolerance of healthy rats and humans, and newly diagnosed maturity onset diabetic patients. A preliminary study carried out by the authors with fractions separated from A. heterophyllus leaves showed that the ethylacetate fraction exerts the greatest hypoglycaemic activity in rats. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of prolonged administration of ethylacetate fraction of A. heterophyllus leaves on serum glucose and lipid levels in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats since no reports are available on the effects of A. heterophyllus leaves on hyperlipidaemia associated with diabetes despite its clinical significance. Oral administration of the ethylacetate fraction (20 mg kg -1 bw) of A. heterophyllus leaves daily for five weeks significantly lowered serum glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride levels in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Compared to the control diabetic rats, the extract treated rats had 39% less serum glucose, 23% lower serum total cholesterol and 40% lower serum triglyceride levels and 11% higher body weight at the end of the fifth week. The percentage reductions in the serum parameters mediated by the test fraction were comparable with those produced by glibenclamide (57%, 32% and 42% reductions in serum glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides, respectively). The stimulation of insulin release by active principles in the ethylacetate fraction may be one of the mechanisms by which this fraction mediates its hypoglycaemic effect. It may be concluded that the ethylacetate fraction of A. heterophyllus leaves contain one or more hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic principles which have the potential to be developed further for the treatment of diabetes specifically associated with a hyperlipidaemic state.Item A Pilot study on palmyrah pinattu (dried fruit pulp) as an anti-diabetic food component(International Formulae Group (IFG), 2007) Uluwaduge, D.I.; Perera, A.N.S.; Jansz, E.R.; Thabrew, M.I.The fruit pulp of palmyrah (Borassus flabellifer L.) has been shown to inhibit intestinal glucose uptake in mice, the active principle being a steroidal saponin, flabelliferin-II which inhibits intestinal ATPase in mice at 5x 10"5M level. Palmyrah fruit pulp (PFP) is widely used to manufacture many food products including dried PFP (pinattu), which has been consumed in North-East Sri Lanka for centuries. The present study was carried out to investigate whether PFP in the form of pinattu could reduce serum glucose levels of mild diabetic (Type-II) patients who were not on a drug regimen with a view to developing pinattu as an anti-diabetic food component. Patients (newly diagnosed, Type-11, mild diabetic patients) attending the diabetic clinic at the Family Practice Centre, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka, were subjected to a glucose challenge (75 g/50 kg BW) after a 10 hour overnight fast and the blood glucose levels determined. On subsequent visits of each patient (3 days after the first visit) blood glucose was determined after administration of PFP in the form of pinattu (6 g/50 kg BW) or fibre (4 g/50 kg BW) extracted from PFP prior to the glucose challenge. The methodology employed was the cross over method where each patient was its own control. In all mild diabetic patients treated with pinattu, there was a significant reduction (p< 0.01, by 15-48%) in blood glucose concentration after a glucose challenge. Therefore the results of the present study suggest that pinattu (dried PFP) could be used as an anti-hyperglycemic agent.Item Effect of Artocarpus heterophyllus and Asteracanthus longifolia on glucose tolerance in normal human subjects and in maturity-onset diabetic patients(Elsevier, 1991) Fernando, M.R.; Wickramasinghe, N.; Thabrew, M.I.; Ariyananda, P.L.; Karunanayake, E.H.Investigations were carried out to evaluate the effects of hot-water extracts of Artocarpus heterophyllus leaves and Asteracanthus longifolia whole plant material on the glucose tolerance of normal human subjects and maturity-onset diabetic patients. The extracts of both Artocarpus heterophyllus and Asteracanthus longifolia significantly improved glucose tolerance in the normal subjects and the diabetic patients when investigated at oral doses equivalent to 20 g/kg of starting material.Item Hypoglycaemic activity of some medicinal plants in Sri-Lanka(Elsevier, 1990) Fernando, M.R.; Thabrew, M.I.; Karunanayake, E.H.Investigations were carried out to determine whether aqueous extracts of Osbeckia octandra, Artocarpus heterophyllus and Bambusa vulgaris truly possess oral hypoglycaemic activity. 2. All three plant extracts significantly lowered the fasting blood glucose level and markedly improved glucose tolerance in Sprague-Dawley rats. 3. A maximum hypoglycaemic activity was observed at +3 hr with O. octandra and B. vulgaris; with A. heterophyllus a maximum effect was not observed even at +5 hr. 4. The hypoglycaemic activity of O. octandra was comparable with that of tolbutamide while that of A. heterophyllus or B. vulgaris was better than that of tolbutamide. 5. The magnitude of the hypoglycaemic effects varied with the dosage used and the time of storage (except with A. heterophyllus, whose activity did not change with storage even up to 3 days).Item A Preliminary investigation of the possible hypoglycaemic activity of Asteracanthus longifolia(Elsevier, 1989) Fernando, M.R.; Wickramasinghe, N.; Thabrew, M.I.; Karunanayaka, E.H.Investigations were carried out to confirm or otherwise disprove the view held by many Ayurvedic and other traditional medical practitioners in Sri Lanka, that Asteracanthus longifolia possesses hypoglycaemic properties. The effects of an aqueous extract of the whole plant on fasting blood glucose level and glucose tolerance were investigated using Sprague-Dawley rats. The results indicate that aqueous extracts of A. longifolia can significantly lower the fasting blood glucose level and markedly improve the glucose tolerance of the rats. The hypoglycaemic effect produced by a therapeutic dose (equivalent to 5 g/kg of starting material) was comparable to that produced by a therapeutic dose (15 mg/kg of tolbutamide. The magnitude of the hypoglycaemic effect was found to vary with the dosage administered and the storage time of the prepared extract.