Medicine

Permanent URI for this communityhttp://repository.kln.ac.lk/handle/123456789/12

This repository contains the published and unpublished research of the Faculty of Medicine by the staff members of the faculty

Browse

Author: search.filters.author.Abeyewickreme, W.Subject: search.filters.subject.Diethylcarbamazine

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Impact of repeated annual Diethylcarbamazine-Albendazole mass treatment on transmission of Wuchereria bancrofti in the Gampaha district.
    (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, 2007) Wijegunawardana, N.D.A.D.; Gunawardene, Y.I.N.S.; Abeyewickreme, W.
    Entomological and parasitological surveys are critical for the baseline evaluation of impact of repeated annual. Diethylcarbamazine-Albendazole mass treatment on the reduction of microfilaria density and level transmission of Wuchereria bancrofti in Culex quinquefaciatus. The objective of this study was to assess the current situation, following the mass drug administration programme in the Gampaha district, with regard to lymphatic filariasis, using entomological and parasitological data. A pilot survey was carried out using parasitological, 'clinical and entomological indicators in 21 sites in 7 Medical Officer of Health areas of Gampaha district to assess the current filariasis situation. The localities were selected from. the Medical Officer of Health areas based on previous data obtained from the regional Anti Filariasis Campaign office. Results indicate that 76.19% (16/21) sites were infested with mosquitoes positive for Wuchereria bancroft and the positivity of 1.44% (31/2157) was observed among the mosquitoes caught from households in the selected sites. The microfilariae wasa determined to be 15.5 per positive mosquito. The parasitological result was indicated 0.017 % prevalence of lymphatic fllariasis in the selected population. Data recorded by the Anti Filariasis Campaign Gampaha in 1994, suggested that significant decrease of infective rate, positivity of mosquito and microfilaria density, which are respectively 90%, 3.05% and 23. Study confirms that active transmission of Wuchereria bancrofti is currently taking place in the Gampaha district, despite, the mass drug administration Programme been implemented since 2002. This study highlights the urgent requirement of a proper screening programme combined with anti filarial treatment and vector control programme to minimize filarial morbidity and interrupt filarial transmission within the country.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Efficacy of single dose combinations of albendazole, ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine for the treatment of bancroftian filariasis
    (Oxford University Press, 1998) Ismail, M.M.; Jayakody, R.L.; Weil, G.J.; Nirmalan, N.; Jayasinghe, K.S.A.; Abeyewickreme, W.; Sheriff, M.M.R.; Rajaratnam, H.N.; Amarasekera, N.; de Silva, D.C.; Michalski, M.L.; Dissanaike, A.S.
    In a 'blind' trial on 50 male asymptomatic microfilaraemic subjects with Wuchereria bancrofti infection, the safety, tolerability and filaricidal efficacy of a single dose of albendazole (alb) 600 mg alone or in combination with ivermectin (iver) 400 microg/kg or diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) 6 mg/kg was compared with a single dose of the combination DEC 6 mg/kg and iver 400 micro g/kg over a period of 15 months after treatment. All but one subject, with 67 micro filariae (mf)/mL, had pre-treatment counts 100 mf/mL. All 4 treatments significantly reduced mf counts, but alb/iver was the most effective regimen for clearing mf from night blood: 9 of 13 subjects (69 percent) were amicro filaraemic by membrane filtration 15 months after treatment compared to one of 12 (8 percent), 3 of 11 (27 percent), and 3 of 10 (30 percent) in the groups treated with alb, alb/DEC, and DEC/iver, respectively. Filarial antigen tests suggested that all 4 treatments had significant activity against adult W. bancrofti; alb/DEC had the greatest activity according to this test, with antigen levels decreasing by 77percent 15 months after therapy. All 4 regimens were well tolerated and clinically safe, although mild, self-limited systemic reactions were observed in all treatment groups. These results suggest that alb/iver is a safe and effective single dose regimen for suppression of micro filaraemia in bancroftian filariasis that could be considered for control programmes. Additional benefits of this combination are its potent, broad spectrum activity against intestinal helminths and potential relative safety in areas of Africa where DEC cannot be used for filariasis control because of co-endemicity with onchocerciasis or loiasis
All items in this Institutional Repository are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated. No item in the repository may be reproduced for commercial or resale purposes.