Junior Academic Staff Symposium
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Item Inter-Labour Movements between the Private Sector and Public Sector(Staff Development Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Withanage, Hareesha H.The benefits of inter-labour movements depend on the welfare of a labourer. Sri Lanka has a mixed economic system where both public and the private sector. Labour moving is more comprehensive in understanding when comparing movement of employment from one another. According to that, the researcher attempted to examine the difference in benefits of inter-labour movements between the private sector and the public sector. And also, the researcher focused on investigating the key components directly affecting to the labour movement. The data was collected using systematic random sampling method from one public sector and two institutes of the private sector. The research revealed that 71% workers wished to move from private sector to public sector and it depends on the factors of pension, number of holidays, working hours, debt for labours, ethics in the companies and job security. Researcher identified through a factor analysis that welfare aspects, financial aspects and legal aspects directly affect to the benefits of inter-labour movement. The findings of the research emphasized that the public sector maximize the welfare under welfare aspects, but private sector maximize the welfare under financial aspects and there is no difference between the benefits of inter-labour movement in public sector and private sector under legal aspects. Finally, the facts mentioned above pointed out that labour benefits of inter-labour movements are higher in public sector than in private sector.Item Impact of Maternal Condition on Autism Spectrum Disorder(Staff Development Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Serasinghe, HimalshiAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a kind of brain disorder which affect a child. Some of the studies done in relation to diagnosis of ASD indicates deficiencies in communication, social skills, a variety of interests and activities. Further, factors which affect ASD are still controversial. The aim of the study is to identify the maternal condition factors which affect ASD. To achieve the purpose of the research, 100 questionnaires were distributed to mothers who have ASD children. The sample was selected purposively from Reach beyond autism and child development centre which has a good reputation for the treatment of ASD children in Sri Lanka. Additionally, Descriptive statistical tools have been employed to analyze the quantitative data. Besides, this study used the Diagnostic and Statical Manual of mental disorder, 4th edition (DSM-iv) classification of ASD to diagnose the symptoms of Autistic Disorder. Furthermore, maternal condition has been identified based on the literature review. According to data, mothers who live in urban areas, whose monthly income is above 80 000 and mothers who had an experience of uncomfortable sleep during their pregnancy indicate high percentage of total sample and it is more than 80%. Further, more than 45% mothers who have ASD child had a degree rather than other educational qualification. Thus, mothers who experienced mental disorder (stress) and severe frustration during their pregnancy period consists of more than 18% of the total sample and the minimum percentage indicates physical diseases, unmanageable stress, getting trauma experience during their pregnancy period is less than 13% of the total sample. Based on the analyzed data, it could be concluded that a few of maternal conditions positively affect their child to grow up with ASD in the future.Item An Inventory Study for Identifying Role Models in Sports(Staff Development Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Rajapaksha, R.P.D.D.Role models, heroes, and mentors are a part of everyday life and they are thought to have a significant impact on the beliefs and actions of individuals. In the sports, they are also often used in programs to deliver desired ideas to the intended groups to evoke behavior revolution. The purpose of this review of the literature was to explore the Role Models (RM) who make an impact on sport participation (SP). In this regard, the objective was developed to understand the current trends and perspectives of the authors on (RM) for increasing (SP). During the identification process of the literature review, Science Direct which is being sponsored by Elsevier was used as the major database search engine. The terms used in the Science Direct search engine were “Role Models” AND” Sports participation. By screening the results of the Science Direct database - 4236 results were obtained based on filtering the literature by 2018-2019. As a result of the engaging PRISMA method, the above inclusions were lowered to 18 articles by focusing an eligibility and study-oriented objective. Based on the PRISMA results, Content analysis was directed to explore the current trend of the authors who have already done their study regarding the (RM) s who impact on (SP). According to the results, Family members, Sports Coachers and Instructors, Teachers, Neighborhood community, Athletes and Celebrities, Peers and Televisions Actors were represented as (RM) s in Sports. Also, more than 50% of the research papers analyzed were from two or more of the above-mentioned (RM) s. The rest of the research papers have concentrated their academic approach on individual (RM)s related to the (SP), which can be summarized as Family members 27%, Sports Coachers and Instructors 20%, Teachers 16%, Neighborhood community 11%, Athletes and Celebrities 9%, Peer 9% and Televisions Actors 4%. This study evidence supports the potential for academically based researchers who work in partnership with sport and recreation to ensure that the Sports role models are studied in a useful way. Similarly, this study expands on the Knowledge of (RM)s and (SP). It also highlights the involvement of various links between the above concepts. This observation may help researchers who are willing to expand the (RM)s and their impact on (SP) in any selected context such as professional sports teams, University sports fields, etc.Item ‘Involvement of Buddhist Monks in Politics’ and Its Impact on Sri Lanka(Staff Development Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Madusanka, R.W.B.M. DineshBuddhism has contributed to the development of culture and religion in Sri Lanka throughout its history. Buddhism practiced in Sri Lanka is believed to be more authentic and closer to the original Buddhism which was taught by the Buddha and is known as Theravada Buddhism. However, Buddhist monks Sri Lanka today are deeply involved in politics and there are Buddhist monks in many aspects of politics in Sri Lanka such as representing in the parliament, protest movements and the like. Political Buddhism seems to be fascinating to modern monks. The main objective of this research study is to identify the impact of engagement of Buddhist monks by engaging in party politics on Buddhism in Sri Lanka. Only secondary data would be used for this research study and relevant books would also be used. The pre-study source methodology would be used as the study method. As Buddhism is the main religion in Sri Lanka, it should be credited for its contribution to the society, particularly in building family values. However, in areas such as safeguarding of individual rights and minority rights, prevention of crimes and corruption, Sri Lanka falls short of expectations of religious values. When Sri Lanka gained independence, it was considered as a model for Asia. However, during the past fifty years, politicians have used Buddhism not as a philosophy of righteousness, but as a tool for cheap political gain. The problem is not Buddhism as a philosophy or religion but the use of Political Buddhism in political activities. Many politicians and even intellectuals are confused in their interpretation of not only law and economy, but also justice, truth, and ethics based on Buddhism.Item A Study on Names of Individuals of Sri Lanka, (From 1st Century BC to 3rd Century BC)(Staff Development Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Kumara, W.A.VijithaNaming a person is an important factor in a person’s life and the process has a long history in Sri Lanka People believe that their name effects their future success. It is impended to examine here the religious, customary and social issues which effected the naming of a person during the selected period. In ancient India, there were ceremonies to name a child. In a such a ceremony organized to name Prince Siddhartha, he was named thus according to Buddhist sources, meaning person who would do good to the world “jātassa kumārāssa nāma gāhana divas dakkiniya sakka” In Sri Lanka also similar ceremonies were organized during the selected period and the custom continues even today. It can be seen that there was Indian influence in naming children in Sri Lanka during the ancient times. However, when examination the early Brahmi Inscription it is clear that there was Buddhist influence too. Even after the coming of Mahinda Thero to Sri Lanka, there is evidence to show that, pre- historic rituals and believers still existed. For example, there were instances where the effect of the fire or Agni god Concept and Brahma concept on naming individuals. The names did not reveal the gender in the person. The indicator of gender is the usage of terms such as “Upasaka, Upasika, Diyani”, and the like before a name. This is evident from Brahmi inscription. The methodology applied was the use of early Brahmi Inscriptions and chronical. It can be concluded that the names of individuals during the selected time depicts many social information and the names were selected with a purpose.Item Department of Film Production and the Arts(Staff Development Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Madhusanka, H. A. Gayanචිත්රපටයක් නිෂ්පාදනය කිරීමේදී කලා දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව නිර්මාණාත්මක ක්රියාවලියේ මුලික කාර්යයක් සිදුකරයි. විදේශීය චිත්රපටයක් ලංකාවේ නිෂ්පාදනය කිරීමේදී කලා දෙපාර්තමේන්තුවේ දේශීය ශිල්පීන් සහය ලබාදෙයි. විදේශීය නිශ්පාදන කණ්ඩායමක් ශ්රී ලංකාවේදී චිත්රපටයක් නිශ්පාදනය කිරීමේදී කලා දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව මුහුණදෙන ගැටලු මොනවාද? යන්න මෙම පර්යේෂණයේ ගැටලුව වේ. කලා දෙපර්තමේන්තුව මුහුණදෙන ගැටලු අධ්යයනය කිරීම මෙම පර්යේෂණයේ අරමුණ වේ. කලා දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව මුහුණදෙන ගැටලු සඳහා විසඳුම් ලබාදීම චිත්රපට කර්මාන්තයේ දියුණුව කෙරෙහි හේතුවේ. මෙම පර්යේෂණය ශ්රී ලංකාවේ රූගත කළ දීපා මෙහෙතා අධ්යක්ෂණය කළ ෆනී බෝයි චිත්රපටයට විශේෂිත සිදුකර ඇත. පර්යේෂණ ක්රමවේද ලෙස සහභාගීත්ව නිරීක්ෂණය සහ සම්මුඛ සාකච්ඡා සිදුකර ඇත. පරමාර්තගත සහ විනිශ්චයමය නියැදියට අනුව චිත්රපටයේ අධ්යක්ෂ දීපා මෙහෙතා, නිශ්පාදක ඬේවිඞ් හැමිල්ටන්, පිටපත් රචක ශ්යාම් සෙල්වදොරේ, නිශ්පාදන නිර්මාණකරු එරල් කෙලී, රංග භාණ්ඩ අංශ ප්රධාන සුජීව පරණහේවා, දර්ශනතල නිර්මාණකරු ලාල් හරින්ද්රනාත් සම්මුඛ සාකච්ඡාවට භාජනය කර ඇත. රැස් කරගත් ගුණාත්මක දත්ත සවිස්තරාත්මකව විශ්ලේෂණය කර ඇත. දර්ශනතලය සකස් කිරීම සඳහා අවශ්ය රංග භාණ්ඩ සපයා ගැනීම සඳහා නිසි ප්රමිතියකට අනුව සකස් වුණු රංග භාණ්ඩ නිවස්න ලංකාවේ නොමැතිවීම ප්රධාන ගැටලුවක් ලෙස නිරීක්ෂණය විය. මේ හේතුවෙන් කලා දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව සඳහා ඇස්තමේන්තුකර තිබෙන වියදම් අපේක්ෂිත සීමාව ඉක්මවා ඉහළ ගිය අතර අධ්යක්ෂවරිය වෙත තෝරාගැනීම් සඳහා අවස්ථා අවම විය. පිටපතේ නොමැති නමුත් අධ්යක්ෂවරිය ඉල්ලා සිටින රංග භාණ්ඩ සොයාගැනීමේ දුෂ්කරතා ඇතිවීම හේතුවෙන් ඉංදියාවෙන් ගෙන්වාගැනීමට තීරණය කළ අවස්ථාද ඇත. කලා දෙපාර්තමේන්තුවේ මුද්රිත රංග භාණ්ඩ සඳහා ශ්රී ලංකාවේ අවශ්ය ප්රකාශන අයිතීන් ලබාගැනීමේදී විධිමත් භාවිතයක් නොමැති බව නිරීක්ෂණය විය. කලා දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව මුහුණදෙන ගැටලු අවම කර ගැනීම සඳහා විධිමත්ව සකස් කරන ලද රංග භාණ්ඩ නිවස්නයක අවශ්යතවක් ඇත.Item An empirical Study about Fifty-Two Years of Organized Tourism in Sri Lanka (1966-2018)(Staff Development Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Yohani, A.K.D.TTourism industry will continue to be a key growth area for Sri Lanka. The economic potential of the industry is significant nowadays. Undoubtedly, it needs clear focus and attainable goals for the development. This research study aims to provide a backdrop for the development of tourism in Sri Lanka in relation to the Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes (WHTT) issues on tourism in Sri Lanka. The research study is an opportunity to reflect on the best path forward for the industry. Moreover, this research study is written in the context of a strategic question, “how might post-war in Sri Lanka develop inbound tourism?” A narrative approach is taken to cover a period of 52 years. The data collection of the study was completed according to the annual reports, interviews and the Tourism Management Information System (Database of arrival/departure statistics, annual economic indicators etc.) Research findings indicate how 46 years of war affected tourism in Sri Lanka resulting in low demand, low prices and a reputation as a cheap destination in the industry. Sri Lanka passed two milestones in its tourism history by emerging as a “million tourist destination” and a “billion dollar export income earner” in 2012. Tourism has the potential to emerge as a major export income earner in Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka aims to attract four million tourists by 2020 as a future goal. To further develop the tourism industry, Sri Lanka must develop long-term plans, tourism master plans with inputs from all stakeholders. Tourism vision 2025 aims to position Sri Lanka strategically on the international tourism market, and to promote growth in tourism and the overall economy. Its goals include making tourism as the country’s second biggest generator of foreign exchange income and boosting sector employment to 1 million people. In conclusion, it can be stated that the past developments in the industry can be used to understand the path for future.Item The Impact of Palaeo Climatic Changes in the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene on the Subsistence Patterns of the Early Humans in Sri Lanka(Staff Development Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Induma Digoarachchi, ChirathThere are many evidences recovered about the prehistoric man during the late Pleistocene period in Sri Lanka. That can be identified as the Mesolithic era of the human history. The modern Homo sapiens lived from about 50 000 ya to 6000 ya, subjected to specific climatic and temperature changes. Thus, according to the geological time scale, after shifting from the terminal Pleistocene to Holocene, there are evidences found on the extinction of the animals lived in Pleistocene. Aside from that, the sepeartion of the terrestrial land mass between India and Sri Lanka was also taken place 7000 ya. The desired time period of study for this research is from around 20 000 to 5000 ybp. Depending on the proxy that are been recognized up to date, there seems some turning points on the events like food patterns and domestication processes. The temperature variations, the location of habitats, floral and faunal reamains are mainly analysed to build up the conclusions. As a whole, it is clear that some features are gradually faded away with the progression of the early Stone Age. Preferentially, the changes in the floral and the faunal remains recovered at sites from different layers reflects the climatic changes and subsistent patterns that can be attributed to factors of nutrient intake, inter relationships and domestication of plants and animals. Further, these revolutionary conversions are expected to be supported straightly to the cognitive development of the human with future experiments.Item Winning over the Skeptics: Why China Needs to Enhance Its Public Diplomacy in Sri Lanka(Staff Development Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Fernando, AmaliniSri Lanka is an indispensable partner for China in its ambitious Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Although the BRI brings reciprocal benefits to Sri Lanka, the Sri Lankan public has been wary, suspicious and in certain instances, hostile towards Chinese activity in Sri Lanka. This study examines the Sri Lankan public opinion towards China and its implications to the Chinese presence in the island. It is a qualitative analysis of secondary data gathered from books, journal articles, newspapers and previous studies. The study finds that negative public sentiments born due to fears over “debt traps”, Chinese immigrant labor, and ecological concerns have dampened China’s aspirations in Sri Lanka. Widespread public displeasure and negative rhetoric towards China is specially seen during the 2015 presidential election, through the use of China as a political scapegoat and island wide protests. This negative image, if not addressed, will not only damage China-Sri Lanka relations, but also jeopardize the Sri Lankan component of the BRI. This study proposes that the success of the BRI lies in China’s ability to harness support from the local public. Given the skeptic image towards China in Sri Lanka, it is imperative that the Chinese government invests in public diplomacy to project a positive image of itself. China must initiate a public diplomacy campaign that inculcates mutual trust, mutual understanding, and constant communication. The Chinese Embassy in Sri Lanka must transfer cultural and technical knowledge, invest in local welfare projects, address issues of transparency and build a proactive online presence. This would help China to repair its image in Sri Lanka, gain credibility among the general public and accrue the much-needed local support for the BRI.Item An Attempt to Build a Sri Lankan Identity by Using Culture-Centered Soft Power in International Public Relations: with Special Reference to Sri Lanka and South Korea(Staff Development Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Indupa Madurasinghe, DasiniInternational public relations are about practicing public relations strategies in foreign nations, with the objective of building good relationships with the public in that particular nation. Soft Power can be recognized as a power that is produced by cultural resources, political values, and foreign policies of a country. It is the power that countries use to get the attraction of foreign public without coercion or payments. In the globalized world, soft power strategies are heavily used in international public relations. Especially in Asian countries, culture-centered soft power is used in building relationships with other Asian countries. Therefore, this research was conducted with the main objective of identifying the possibility of using culture-centered soft power in Sri Lankan international public relations. The data collection process was conducted according to qualitative methodology and data were obtained through interviewing South Koreans working in Sri Lanka. The findings showed that a majority of the participants have a positive opinion on Sri Lankan culture, especially on the Buddhist culture, proving the possibility of using culture-centered soft power in building international public relations between Sri Lanka and South Korea.Item Pastor photography, political image and public relations(Staff Development Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Rupasinghe, W.W. Amani Ireshikaලෝකයේ දේශපාලන ප්රතිරූප හා මහජන සම්බන්ධතා ගොඩනංවනු පිණිස භාවිත කරන නොයෙකුත් ප්රචාරණ ක්රම අතර පෝස්ටර් ජායාරූපය ප්රමුඛ වේ. ශ්රී ලංකාවේ ද පෝස්ටර් ජායාරූපය දේශපාලන ප්රතිරූප ගොඩනැංවීමෙහි ලා භාවිත වන අතර එයට මෙරට දේශපාලන සංස්කෘතිය තුළ දිගු ඉතිහාසයක් ඇත. දේශපාලන ප්රතිරූප හා මහජන සම්බන්ධතා ගොඩනැංවීමට පෝස්ටර් ජායාරූපය භාවිතයේ ඇති උපයෝගිතාවය කෙබඳුද? යන්න මෙහි පර්යේෂණ ගැටලුව වේ. එම කාර්යය සඳහා පෝස්ටර් ජායාරූපය භාවිතයේ උපයෝගීතාවය අධ්යයනය කිරීම මෙම පර්යේෂණයේ අරමුණ විය. පර්යේෂණ ක්රමවේදය ලෙස මිශ්ර ක්රමවේදය භාවිත කෙරිණි. ශ්රී ලංකාවේ 2015 ජනාධිපතිවරණයේ අපේක්ෂකයින් වූ මෛත්රීපාල සිරිසේන හා මහින්ද රාජපක්ෂ යන ප්රධාන අපේක්ෂකයින්ගේ ප්රචාරණ කණ්ඩායම විසින් භාවිත කළ පෝස්ටර් ජායාරූප මෙහිදී පර්යේෂණයට භාජනය කෙරිණි. බස්නාහිර පළාතේ කොළඹ, ගම්පහ, කළුතර යන දිස්ත්රික්කවල අහඹු නියැදියක් ලෙස ඡන්දදායකයින් සියදෙනෙකු පර්යේෂණය සඳහා යොදා ගැනිණි. ප්රශ්නාවලිය, අන්තර්ගත විශ්ලේෂණය හා සම්මුඛ සාකච්ජා මඟින් දත්ත රැස්කර SPSS හා Excel මෘදුකාංග ඔස්සේ දත්ත විශ්ලේෂණය කර නිගමනයට එළඹුණි. දේශපාලන ප්රතිරූප හා මහජන සමබන්ධතා ගොඩනැංවීමට පෝස්ටර් ඡායාරූපය උපයෝගීතාවයක් සිදු නොවුණු බව පර්යේෂණයේ අවසන් නිගමනය විය. දේශපාලනඥයින් අවංක මහජන සේවයට ප්රමුඛත්වය දි මහජන මතය ගොඩනැගිය යුතු බවත්, දේශපාලන ප්රතිරූප හා මහජන සම්බන්ධතා ගොඩනැංවීමට මහජන මුදල් නාස්තියෙන් හා පරිසර දූෂණයෙන් තොර නව මහජන සම්බන්ධතා ක්රම භාවිතය හා ඒ සඳහා නිර්මාණශීලි ජායාරූප භාවිතය සිදු කළ යුතු බව පර්යේෂණයෙන් අනාවරණය කරගැනීමට හැකි විණි.Item Wanigasingha, C.B. (2020). The Impact of Learning Management Systems in the Teaching & Learning Process of Undergraduates (A study on University of Kelaniya). Junior Academic Staff Symposium-2019, Staff Development Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka. p.3-4(Staff Development Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Wanigasingha, C.B.At the end of 20th century, with the revolutionary development of technology the world stepping into a new era through adapting new technology. Every aspect of education has changed with the development of technology including class rooms, subjects, teaching methods, classroom equipment etc. Teachers have changed the way of teaching by using new technological equipment, instead of traditional teaching methods. The objectives of this study were to identify the contribution of Learning Management Systems to the education process of the undergraduates of the university, awareness on Learning Management Systems, Identify the usage of Learning Management Systems specific to each faculty of the university and identify the problems faced by undergraduates, when using Learning Management Systems. The study was conducted using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Using stratified sampling method 200 undergraduates from the Faculty of Social Sciences, Humanities, Commerce and Management Studies, Computing and Technology, Medicine and Science from University of Kelaniya were identified as the sample for the study. The data collected from questionnaire-based survey was analyzed using SPSS software and the qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis method. The results of the data analysis concluded that, undergraduates from Medical, Science, Management and Computing and Technology faculties, use LMS more than students from the Faculty of Humanities. The knowledge of undergraduates from Humanities, Social Science about LMS is less comparativelylower than the other faculties. It has been identified that the usage of LMS contributes to the education process. According to the conclusions suggested, awareness about LMS should be increased among undergraduates and lecturers. The study concludes that with the development of communication technologies, the infrastructure and facilities should be developed to increase the usage of technical methods among students.Item Impact of Customer Perceived Value (CPV) on Tourists’ Re-Visit Intention in Sri Lanka(Staff Development Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Liyanage, L. N.Tourism has become the foremost source of industries and revenue generation because of the related links to the global economy. The revisiting of tourists is considered as one of the vital factors to the effective tourism industry. Thus, this research study attempts to study the customer perceived value associated with the revisiting intention of tourists in Sri Lanka. Moreover, this has been conducted at the premises of Bandaranaike International Airport, Sri Lanka. Questionnaires were distributed among 385 tourists using random sampling method. The study consisted of 1 dependent variable: Revisit Intention and 5 independent variables: functional value, emotional value, epistemic value, social value and conditional value. Dependent variables were selected based on the literature review. The attribution items were measured, using a 5-point Likert scale from 5= strongly agree to 1= strongly disagree. The Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression technique was used to estimate the impact of CPV on tourists’ satisfaction, and the Binary Logistic regression was used to test the impact of tourists’ satisfaction on their revisit intention to Sri Lanka. The results revealed that 77.2% of the variation in overall satisfaction was explained by all five variables together. In descending order of scale, Functional Value (��1 = 0. 698), Epistemic Value (��2 = 0. 421), Emotional Value (��3 = 0. 315), Conditional Value (��4 = 0. 192) and Social Value (��5 = 0. 082) were considered significant factors of the overall satisfaction of tourists. The logit model developed as a good predictor of R square of 0.685. The results showed that tourists who were satisfied with the perceived value 3.14 times more likely to re-visit than those dissatisfied. The key finding was that the selected variables correlate with the re- visitation of tourists. Therefore, the government and the respective companies must work together and resolve the problems that affect tourists’ revisit intention and also to educate the residents of Sri Lanka the importance of tourism which supports the economy.Item An Analysis of the Post-Effects of Development Projects in Sri Lanka: With Reference to Mattala Airport and Magampura Mahinda Rajapaksha Port(Staff Development Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Gunasekara, K.D. Helani; Banda, H.M. NawarathnaDeveloping countries need to focus on extensive infrastructure provision in order to achieve and sustain a stable economic growth and aspire towards the standards of the developed economies. In their intention to achieve this objective, developing countries face two major constraints: unavailability of indigenous technology, knowledge and financial resources. Therefore, most of the developing countries bridge this gap between resources, technology and the required level of development by providing investment opportunities for foreign or external parties. The Mattala International Airport and the Magampura Mahinda Rajapaksa Port are two of the development projects funded by foreign countries to fulfill the development requirements of Sri Lankan Economy. Moreover, evaluating of development projects by the post-effects was provided as an accepted measurement in previous studies. Therefore, to identify the demographic attributes of the population and assess the post-effects of Mattala International Airport Project and Hambantota Port Project on Economic Factors, Social Factors and Environmental Factors the study employed secondary data which was based on a previous field survey. The sample consisted of 200 residents within 25kms from the Mattala Airport and the Hambantota Port. Data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software and according to the analysis negative effects (insufficient employment opportunities, inappropriate job coordination methods, insufficient compensation for land expropriation, noise pollution, increase of wild elephant attacks) and positive effects (self-employment opportunities, increase in tourist arrivals) of these development projects were identified. Therefore, appropriate policy framework should be implemented to mitigate negative effects and benefited through positive effects of these projects in the future.Item Socio-Economic Conditions of Female Headed Households in Rural Areas in Sri Lanka(Staff Development Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Panampitiya, W.M.G.N.In every human society, household performs numerous significant functions in the socialization process and integrates generations into the norms and the value system of the society. As a result of various social and economic causes, the modern household has undergone significant transformation in its structure. The Female Headed Household (FHH) is a new form of household and FHHs have increased worldwide in both developed and developing countries. Although FHHs have occupied a prominent place in development discourse globally, very limited research had been conducted regarding social and economic conditions related to FHHs in Sri Lanka. Accordingly, the main objective of this study was to identify the social and economic conditions of FHHs in rural areas. The empirical research study was conducted in five Grama Niladari Divisions of Galgamuwa divisional secretariat division which indicated a marked increase of FHHs in Sri Lanka. Data were collected from hundred FHHs through purposive sampling method. Questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were used as primary data collection techniques based on the survey method. The study revealed that the majority of responded FHHs (42%) had attended school from grade 6 to Ordinary Level (O/L). A lowest rate (6%) had only completed Advanced Level (A/L) while 8% of women reporting no schooling. Remarkably, a higher number of employed FHHs (51%) had engaged in agriculture. The monthly income distribution of the sampled households ranged from a low of Rs. 1,500 to a high of Rs, 38,950. More than half of the responded women headed households (53%) that are in the lowest income category (Less than Rs. 5,000). A considerable proportion of FHHs (33%) had obtained loans or borrowings for various purposes intending to eradicate poverty from their household. Low conditions of houses and related facilities, some legal issues related to residence, inadequate social supportive mechanisms in the community were prominent among social and economic conditions and related issues.Item A Study on the Social Infrastructure Development after the Establishment of Ekala Industrial Zone(Staff Development Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Gunarathna, M.D.N.GThis study aims to identify about the social infrastructure development of the industrial zone area. The industrial zone concept was introduced to Sri Lanka in the 1960s. The industrial zones were established with the objective of creating around 6500 direct and indirect employment opportunities and developing them with adequate social and infrastructure facilities in environmentally conducive areas for small and medium industries. The purpose of the study was to conduct a comparative study of the status of social development at the beginning of the industrial zone and the current status. The Ekala Industrial zone which is located inside Jaela urban council was selected as the study area. Ekala industrial zone spread over six Grama Niladhari Divisions which are Kurunduwatta, Gallawatta, Mahawatta, Ekala, Alexandrawatta, Visakawatta. Both primary and secondary data were used to analysis the data. Primary data was collected by distributing questionnaires among 60 people as the sample. In addition, a group of 15 individuals; 12 employers and 3 elderly persons above 60 years old, was interviewed to gather information about several changes in the area. Secondary data were obtained through books, magazines, articles, statistical reports, websites and survey reports. The establishment of an industrial zone in a sub-urban area is expected to accelerate the development of the area and it has been analytically identified that the area's population, migration and infrastructure have improved. It was found that 93.4% of the workforce were employed, 25% of them were industrial, 18% were apparel, and 37.5% were based on service. The ability to access the banking facilities was enhanced and the school expansion in the area was seen to be more dynamic than before the opening of the industrial zone. In addition, through the establishment of private educational institutes, the quality of education of the students in the area could be identified. In the health sector, the hospital facilities were more positive than before. It was able to identify the characteristics of a society that was more modern than before. It was also found that the industrial sector of the area has a positive impact on the development of the area.Item Labour Migration Trends in Sri Lanka(Staff Development Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Basnayaka, B.M.S.MSri Lankans did not migrate for foreign employment. In history There is no record of any migrate for foreign employment. Migration for foreign employment started from the beginning of the 20th century. Among the sectors that contribute to the national income, the foreign employment income occupies a prominent position. The main objective is to identify the recent trends for foreign employment. The secondary data of Ministry of national policies and economic affairs, Department of census, Foreign employment Bureau are used in this study. Data analysis was done by using statistical analysis techniques and data are presented using graph and tables. It shows an increase of in foreign employment from 1987 to 2014. In 1987 it was 15,157 and in 2014 National income among the sectors that contribute to the national income, foreign employment income occupies a prominent position. Female participation surpassed that of men for the first time in 1988, and that trend has continued until 2007. Female participation surpassed that of men for the first time in 1988, and that trend has continued until 2007. This trend was attributed to the increasing number of migrants seeking employment in the domestic sector and garment factories. Twenty years later, in 2008, 48.81% of men, 51.19% of male workers, outperformed women in the narrow range. Female migration was 48.84%. The highest number of workers were reported in 2014.Migration to employment after 2014 has been downgraded by both men and women. Over the past few years, overseas employment has become Sri Lanka's main foreign exchange earner, surpassing all traditional foreign exchange sources.Item The Usage of Facebook Marketing Tactics on Facebook Fan Pages: A Study of the Use of Marketing Tactics on Facebook Fashion Pages(2020) De Silva, AkilaSocial media outlets constitute excellent vehicles for fostering relationships with customers. One specific way to create relationships with customers is to create brand fan pages on social networking sites. According to the 2019 January report by Statista has confirmed that Facebook is the most widely used site for social media marketing. This study examines how Facebook marketing tactics are used on Facebook fan pages. The study was conducted exclusively on Facebook fashion fan pages. The study was carried out with three main research objectives. Identifying Facebook marketing tactics that can be used for fashion marketing, identifying the Facebook marketing tactics used by the highest volume fashion fan pages on Facebook and to identify the Facebook marketing tactics used by Sri Lanka’s highest volume Facebook fashion fan pages. To achieve these objectives, the content analysis methodology, and study of secondary sources were used as a qualitative data collecting method. For the sample, I selected top five Facebook fashion marketing fan pages and the top five Facebook fashion marketing fan pages in Sri Lanka. Those were selected from the Social Bakers web site which provide information on Facebook audience. Accordingly, it was found that the use of Facebook marketing tactics positively influence to the reach of Facebook fan pages. The research also revealed that the use of marketing tactics in Sri Lankan fashion fan pages are less than 50%Item The Role of Traditional Leadership in Conflict Resolution and Peace Building in Sinhala and Muslim Community: The Case of Panagamuwa, Sri Lanka(Staff Development Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Gunathilaka, P.G. Sandya NilminiWhile conflicts are common feature in Panagamuwa Sinhala and Muslim rural community, an interesting novelty is the manner in which the traditional leaders play a pivotal role in resolving community disputes across the region. They are regarded as peace mediators and receive the bulk of the cases dealing with violence which might be related to political, domestic or antisocial behaviour. The main purpose of this study was to explore the roles played by the traditional leadership in conflict resolution and peace building in Sinhala and Muslim rural community in Panagamuwa in Kurunegala district and this was addressed by focusing on the study objectives as follows; to identify the types of conflicts seen in the area, the nature of traditional leadership in Sinhala and Muslim community in Panagamuwa, the strengths, trends, challenges, weaknesses, to produce suggestions to improve traditional leadership in conflict resolution and peace building mechanism and suggest the recommendations. Both primary and secondary data were used to conduct this research study. Primary data were collected through questionnaires and focused group discussions. Random sampling was done and a sample of one hundred (100) respondents as forty (40) from Sinhala community and sixty (60) from Muslim community was randomly picked. The categories of people had varied backgrounds and included religious leaders, village officers (Grama Niladhari), teachers, and other government sector jobs representatives, staff from Community Based Organizations (CBOs), businessmen, elders, women and youth. The study found out that people in Sinhala and Muslim rural community acknowledge the important roles played by traditional leaders in conflict resolution. It is recommended that the government needs to strengthen the implementation process by offering formal recognition to traditional leadership in conflict resolution and peace building mechanism and linking it with various government agencies, to conduct conflict education and training for elders to enable them to understand conflict resolution methods of arbitration, negotiation and facilitation, involving all stakeholders, especially educated women and youth.Item Importance of Traditional Cinnamon Cultivation on Rural Economy; A Study of Mulatiyana Divisional Secretariat, Matara District(Staff Development Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Deepthika, H.G.S.This study investigates the importance of traditional cinnamon cultivation on rural economy. It is a valuble spice plant in Sri Lanka. In 2017, the most exported crop in Sri Lanka was cinnamon and the exported quantity was 16967 metric tons and its export value was 33342 million rupees. Accordingly, cinnamon cultivation can be identified as a crop which contains high export value and this cultivation progresses on a traditional level at present. The purpose of this study was to identify importance of traditional cinnamon cultivation on the rural economy. The survey method was used for the collection of primary data and secondary data were used to achieve this objective. Mulatiyana Divisional Secretariat Division in Matara District was selected as the study area and the sample population consisted of 30 cinnamon cultivating families which replace 7% from Beragama West Grama Niladari Division. According to the findings, Cinnamon can produce a high profit per year and can be grown in two seasons. The farmer can produce 300kg from 1-acre cinnamon fertile land and presently 1kg of good cinnamon grade Prices range between Rs 2,000 - 3,500. Even though the cost of cultivation is high for the cinnamon cultivator, it was found that one acre of cultivation can make a profit of Rs.128964.16 by year. According to this analysis, it is apparent that cinnamon cultivation is one of the main reasons for increasing the income of the rural economy. By using new techniques to improve this cultivation, the farmer can get a higher return from cinnamon cultivation. Cinnamon cultivation can be promoted with state intervention to improve the rural economy and thereby improve the quality of life of the rural population.