Journal of Social Statistics

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    Solid Waste Source Separation Behavior and it’s Association with Demographic, Socio-Economic, and Local Authority (Involvement Factors at the Household Level in Sri Lanka)
    (Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Diunugala, H. P.; Gamlath, G. R. M.; Zhao, Y.
    Effective solid waste source separation behavior at the household level plays a pivotal role in modern societal scenarios. Understanding situational and socio-psychological factors, including knowledge, inconvenience, experience, awareness, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, is critical in improving practical waste separation practices. This study investigated the relationships between demographic, socio-economic and situational and socio-psychological factors on solid waste source separation behavior among households in Sri Lanka. The study was conducted within the positivist paradigm using the deductive method approach. The data were collected by distributing the structured questionnaire to 428 households selected under the cluster sampling strategy in the Western Province. The study revealed significant connections between situational and sociopsychological factors, such as knowledge, convenience, experience, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control on households’ solid waste source separation behaviors. The study also identified significant associations between situational and socio-psychological factors and demographic and socio-economic factors. The findings implied that space for an integrative effort for households’ solid waste source separation behaviors and its association with demographic, socioeconomic, and local authority engagement is a pre-requisite arrangement for implementing on-bound solid waste management techniques in the country’s development regime. This suggests the need for effective solid waste source separation behavior among households for improving sustainable development policies and strategies, particularly in developing countries like Sri Lanka, which can be achieved through collaborative and participatory approaches. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers, government agencies, and other stakeholders to improve solid waste management practices and promote sustainable development targets.
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    Factors Affecting Online Purchasing Intention of Apparel among Young Customers in Sri Lanka
    (Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Hapuarachchi, H.A.D.T.
    The volume of online activities has gained rapid momentum owning to accelerated internet penetration and developments in the arena of information communication technologies. This scenario is true not only within the global context but also within the context of Sri Lanka. This research has uncovered the recent trends in the modern-day online shopping space. The existing developments suggest that consumers often search for products online and make their purchases offline. A great proportion of Sri Lanka’s young consumers purchase products through the internet. In this research, the researcher examines the factors that affect purchasing intention among young customers with special emphasis on the Western province of Sri Lanka. A questionnaire was utilized as a research instrument and the researcher collected data to investigate this research topic. Descriptive statistics, chisquare analysis and factor analysis were mainly used to analyse the gathered data. The variables utilized in the study are website content, awareness of existence, price of the item, trust in delivery and transaction, advertising, and distribution of information. Ultimately, the researcher has presented a set of recommendations based on the conclusions of the study.
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    Factors Influence on Job Satisfaction of Graduate Employees in Sri Lanka’s Manufacturing Industry
    (Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Karunarathne, S.N.K.; Kodithuwakku, D.S.
    It is important to have a satisfied workforce in an organization to build up a successful organization. Hence, the study aims to identify the factors that affect job satisfaction among graduate employees in Sri Lanka's manufacturing industry. The sample population of the study was all the graduate employees of the main five sub-sectors in Sri Lanka’s manufacturing Industry. The sample (n=156) was selected from the sample population by using the stratified sampling method. Primary data was collected through a questionnaire. Initially, the study applied factor analysis and chi- squared test to derive the objective of the study. The factor analysis revealed five factors that influence job satisfaction among graduate employees. They are1- Company Policies and Supervision, 2- Working Conditions, 3- Work Itself, 4- Recognition and Advancement, 5-Job Security, and Human Relationships. Additionally, the chi- square test is used to identify the demographic factors that affect the employees’ job satisfaction. The results showed that the degree obtained by the employees had a significant impact on their job satisfaction.
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    Right View on Sustainability
    (Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Jayantha, K.; Ariyawansa, R.G.; Kumara, U. Anura
    This paper explores the fundamental concept of sustainability and its relationship to right vision. Recognizing that a comprehensive understanding of sustainability necessitates a precise understanding of right vision, the researchers direct their focus to unraveling the essence of this concept. Drawing upon insights from Buddhist philosophy, the study highlights the interconnectedness between sustainability, simplicity, and detachment from excessive desires. It proposes that sustainability can be defined as the natural manifestation of Ariya qualities, guided by right vision. The study examines the cause-and-effect chain leading to overconsumption and scarcity of resources, emphasizing the need to address the attachment to extra wants. Insights from various scholars and research studies support the significance of simplicity and non-violence in achieving sustainability. The implications of this research extend to academia, policymakers, and society, emphasizing the importance of promoting sustainable lifestyles and integrating sustainable development goals into policy frameworks. By embracing simplicity and right vision, individuals can contribute to a more balanced and harmonious on redefining sustainability and offers insights for future research and practical applications in the pursuit of a sustainable future.
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    Factors Affecting the Tourists’ Arrival at Botanical Gardens in Sri Lanka (Peradeniya and Henarathgoda Botanical Gardens)
    (Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Gunarathna, Manjula
    Currently, tourism is recognized as an emerging industry worldwide. Due to the wide variety of purposes and preferences that tourists have, the industry has grown exponentially over the years, branching out into different areas among which eco-tourism plays a significant role. In Sri Lanka, the tourism industry plays an undisputable role in the country’s economic growth. However, it can be observed that the contribution of botanical gardens to the development of the Sri Lankan tourism industry has not been acknowledged by the contemporary studies that concern the industry. Therefore, this study aims to identify the prominent factors that influence the change in tourist arrival in both Peradeniya and Henarathgoda botanical gardens. The present study aims to understand the impact of the factors on tourist arrivals to the selected gardens through a sample of 75 local and 25 international tourists, who were selected via an on-site survey. The results of the exploratory factor analysis revealed that gender and age group are the most influential variables that showed different agreement levels in the Peradeniya Botanical Garden, whereas age group, gender, and educational level demonstrated different agreement levels in the Henarathgoda Botanical Garden. The research identified five factors that significantly influenced tourist visits in the Peradeniya botanical garden including external facilities, natural environment, garden environment, transportation and communication, and safety. Similarly, in the Henarathgoda botanical garden, four factors were identified as influential: facilities, transportation, security, parking, sanitation, and natural attraction.
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    ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ මාර්ග අනතුරු සිදු වීමට බලපාන සාධක
    (Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) කුමාරි, ආර්.එම්.අයි.එන්.
    වර්තමාන ලෝකයේ සිදු වන කාර්මීකරණය මෙන්ම නාගරීකරණය හේතුවෙන් සියලු දෙනාටම මුහුණපාන්නට සිදු වී ඇති ගැටලුවක් ලෙස මාර්ග අනතුරු හඳුනා ගත හැකිය. මාර්ග අනතුරු යනු වාහනයක් සම්බන්ධ වන පොදු මාර්ගයේ සිදුවීමක් වන අතර එහි ප්‍රතිඵලයක් ලෙස මිනිසුන්ට හෝ දේපළවලට හානි සිදු වේ. ලෝක සෞඛ්‍ය සංවිධානය :2020*ට අනුව මිලියන 1ග3 කට අධික ජනතාවක් මාර්ග අනතුරු හේතුවෙන් වසරකට මිය යයි- එමෙන්ම ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ ද හාරදහස් දෙසියකට ආසන්න ප්‍රමාණයක් මාර්ග අනතුරු හේතුවෙන් වසරකට මිය යයි- එනිසා මෙම අධ්‍යයනයේ ප්‍රධාන අරමුණ වූයේ ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ මාර්ග අනතුරු සිදුවීමට බලපාන සාධක මොනවාද යන්න හඳුනා ගැනීමයි- මේ සදහා ද්විතීයික දත්ත යොදා ගන්නා ලදී- එහිදී රථවාහන පොලිස් මූලස්ථානය මගින් වාර්ෂිකව සකස් කරන වාර්තා යොදා ගත් අතර 2014 සිට 2020 දක්වා වාර්තාවල සඳහන් සාධක පිළිබඳව සලකා බලන ලදී- දත්ත විශ්ලේෂණය කිරීමේදී සාධක විශ්ලේෂණය යොදා ගත් අතර එහිදී අනාවරණය වූයේ මාර්ග අනතුරු සිදු වීමට බලපාන සාධක මානව සාධක, දේශගුණික හා කාලගුණික සාධක, මාර්ගවල තත්වයන් හා වාහනවල තත්වයන් යන ආදි ලෙස සාධක හතරක් යටතේ වර්ගීකරණය වන බවයි- එමෙන්ම නොසැලකිලිමත් රිය ධාවනය, වැරදි තීරණ, මධ්‍යසාර/මත්පැන් භාවිතය, නින්ද යාම, වාහනයේ වේගය, පැහැදිලි ආලෝක තත්වය හා වලාකුළු සහිත කාලගුණය යන සාධක ප්‍රධාන වශයෙන් මාර්ග අනතුරු සිදු වීමට බලපාන බවයි.
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    The Impact of Female Migration to Middle-East on their Family’s Social and Economic Development
    (Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Premasiri, K.G.M.H.
    As a developing country in the Third World, Sri Lanka pursued foreign employment without any discrimination between men and women to alleviate poverty after the 1977 Open Economic Policy. to lift itself out of poverty. But the traditional woman who worked in the family got rid of it and joined the labor force and went abroad for employment in the Middle East. In such a context the main problem here is to study whether emigration for employment in the Middle East has had a social and economic impact. The main objective of applicable this problem is to identify the household income status of married women before and after going abroad for employment. To achieve these objective, the study was conducted on 100 women migrants based in 45 Grama Niladhari Divisions in the Medirigiriya Divisional Secretariat Division in the Polonnaruwa District, which is a poorest in Sri Lanka. Here a simple random sampling method is used to select the sample from the desired population. Questionnaire method was used to retrieved the data from the sample. Accordingly, this study confirmed that there is a difference between the income status of married women before and after going abroad. That is, their income has increased with the emigration. Therefore, better results can be achieved by creating local employment opportunities for women or establishing activities to uplift the families and children of women migrant workers.
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    සමාජ මාධ්‍ය හරහා අපරාධ වින්දිතයන් බවට පත්වීමට බලපාන හේතු අධ්‍යයනය: බස්නාහිර පළාත ඇසුරින්
    (Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) මධුෂානි, කේ. දිනිති ප්‍රදීපා
    අන්තර්ජාල තාක්ෂණය සොයා ගැනීමත් සමඟ මානව සන්නිවේදනය වේගවත් වූ අතර වර්තමානය වනවිට ලෝකයේ මෙන්ම ලංකාවේ ද සමාජ මාධ්‍ය හරහා අනවසරයෙන් ඇතුළු වීම, මාර්ගත තර්ජනය, ලුහුබැඳීම, වෛරස්වලට ගොදුරුවීම, වාණිජ පැතිකඩයන් හරහා මුදල් වංචා සිදුකිරීම හා ව්‍යාජ සබැඳි මිත්‍රත්වය වැනි අපරාධයන් රැසක් නිර්මාණය වී ඇත. තවද බස්නාහිර පළාත තුළින් 2019 වර්ෂයේ දී වැඩිම පුද්ගලයන් සංඛ්‍යාවක් වූ 368 දෙනෙකු සමාජ මාධ්‍ය අපරාධ ගොදුරු බවට පත්වී ඇති බව වාර්තා කර ඇත. එමනිසා මෙම අධ්‍යයන සංගහනය ලෙස බස්නාහිර පළාතේ අපරාධ ගොදුරු බවට පත්වූ පරිශීලකයන් 100 දෙනෙකු ස්තෘත සසම්භාවී නියැදුම් ක්‍රමය මඟින් තෝරා ගන්නා ලද අතර අදාළ දත්ත රැස් කිරීම ප්‍රශ්නාවලි ක්‍රමවේදය යටතේ සිදු කරන ලදී. ඒ අනුව මෙම අධ්‍යයන විශ්ලේෂණය තුළින් පුරුෂ 51්‍රක් සමාජ මාධ්‍ය අපරාධවලට ගොදුරු වී ඇති බවත් එම පරිශීලකයන් අතරින් 50්‍රක්ම වයස අවුරුදු 25 - 30ත් වයස් කාණ්ඩයේ පසුවන බවත් හඳුනාගත හැකිය. තවද මෙම පරිශීලකයන් අතරින් 69්‍රක් අවිවාහක වූ අතර 32්‍රක් උපාධි අපේක්ෂකයන් ලෙස අනාවරණය විය. එසේම 35්‍රක ප්‍රමාණයක් පෞද්ගලික අංශයේ රැකියාවල නිරත විය. මෙම අධ්‍යයනයේ ප්‍රධාන අරමුණ වූ සමාජ මාධ්‍ය පරිශීලකයන් අපරාධ ගොදුරු බවට පත්වීමට බලපාන සාධක විශ්ලේෂණයේදී “සාධක බලපෑම“, “ආර්ථික බලපෑම“ සහ “පරිශීලක හැසිරීමේ බලපෑම“ ලෙස ප්‍රධාන සාධක තුනක් යටතේ තෝරාගත් විචල්‍යයන් හඳුනාගත හැකිය. තවද සෙසු අරමුණක් වු අපරාධ ගොදුරු බවට පත්වීමට බලපාන විචල්‍යයන් සහ ප්‍රජා විද්‍යාත්මක සාධක අතර සම්බන්ධතාව සලකා බැලීමේ දී වයස සමඟ දැනුවත්භාවය නම් විචල්‍යය පමණක් සම්බන්ධතාවක් දක්වන බව පැහැදිලි වේ. තවද මෙම සම්බන්ධතා සලකා බැලීමේ දී සමාජ මාධ්‍ය අපරාධ ගොදුරු බවට පත්වීමට බලපාන විචල්‍යයන් සහ පුමිතිරිභාවය පිළිබඳ සිදුකළ පරීක්ෂාවේ ප්‍රතිඵලවලට අනුව ශක්තිමත් මුරපදයක් භාවිත නොකිරීම, ව්‍යාජ දැන්වීම්වලට ප්‍රතිචාර දැක්වීම, ලින්ක් විවෘත කිරීම යන විචල්‍යයන් තුන සඳහාම 91ග5්‍රක ඉහළ පුරුෂ එකඟතාවයක් දක්වා ඇත. මෙම අධ්‍යයනයේ තවත් එක් සෙසු අරමුණක් වු පූර්ව සහ පශ්චාත් පරිශීලක හැසිරීම් වන සමාජ මාධ්‍ය භාවිතය, සමාජ මාධ්‍ය තුළ සිටින මිතුරන් සංඛ්‍යාව සහ සමාජ මාධ්‍ය වෙත ඡායාරූප උඩුගත කිරීම යන විචල්‍යයන් අතර වෙනසක් පවතින බව ද නිගමනය විය.
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    Factors affecting the Adoption of Mobile Banking by Rural People: With special reference to Kalutara District
    (Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Dilaksha, W. D. V.
    Financial services are not easily accessible to people in remote rural areas. In a contemporary business environment, financial institutions close bank branches in difficult areas due to the costs associated with maintaining branches. As a result, people in these rural areas are excluded from joining the financial sector. Mobile banking allows individuals to access banking services anywhere, anytime. Despite the existence of mobile banking, those who need financial services do not follow it. Although people in rural Sri Lanka have access to mobile phones, this does not lead to mobile banking. This study examines the factors influencing mobile banking among the rural population in the Kalutara district of Sri Lanka. Accordingly, a survey questionnaire was prepared and used to collect data from 399 respondents in five rural divisional secretariat divisions in the Kalutara district using cluster sampling method. The results of the study contribute to knowledge by illustrating that it is not essential for individuals to adapt to mobile banking, whether they own or use a mobile phone. The study revealed that people's context as well as awareness, usefulness, cost, complexity, trust, and relative advantage influence mobile banking adoption in rural areas. As the mobile banking system is in its infancy in the rural market, users are more sensitive to the cost, ease of use of the system and trust in the bank than the information and service quality that the system can provide. Therefore, banks can devise appropriate strategies with the current demand of the users and future changes.
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    The Impact of Customer Key Purchasing Determinants on Brand Equity of Toothpaste Market
    (Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Sandamali, W.P.T.T.
    In present world toothpaste industry is one of the fastest growing industries in the world and there is a highly competitive market for toothpaste in Sri Lanka as well. In such a situation, this study was conducted “To Identify the customer key purchasing determinants on brand equity of toothpaste market’’. Relevant primary data have been collected mainly through the questionnaire to achieve the objectives. Data collection was based on the Colombo district and 100 respondents were randomly selected for the study. Based on the results revealed by the factor analysis, image of the product, sales, advertising and awareness can be identified as the customer key purchasing determinants on brand equity of toothpaste market. The chi square test statistics revealed that there is a significant relationship between education level, profession, monthly income and brand loyalty. Moreover, it further revealed that gender has an impact on brand awareness. This analysis also revealed that there is a significant relationship between age, monthly income and brand association. Considering this analysis, it is also clear that there is a relationship between gender, monthly income and perceived quality. Finally, it can be concluded that the brand equity in the toothpaste market can be developed through the improvement of toothpaste according to the customer key purchasing determinants derived by this study and by adopting effective marketing strategies such as creative packaging with a strong message, creative advertising, and discounts.