National Research Conference on Applied Social Statistics (NRCASS)
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Item Nexus of Tourism and Economi Fluctuations in Srilanka(5th National Conference on Applied Social Statistics (NRCASS) - 2019, Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2019) Jayakody, J. A. M. B.This is study of exploring the nexus between tourism and economic growth in Sri Lanka. Using the annually statics of central bank report. Tourism industry has become the reason for rapid growth in every economy. "A tourist is as an individual who for leisure or other purposes, temporarily leaves the place of residence for being hosted in a destination, activating successive economic effects that are worth investigating,” The objective of this is to explore two main elements of Sri Lankan economy. Those are Tourism and Economic growth in Sri Lanka during the period of 1977 - 2018. The is study obtained the relationship between economic growth and tourism earning during 1977-2018. These two variable have long term relationship. As a result of that which is causality between economic growth and tourism earning. Where economic growth only causes to tourism earnings not the other way around. Economic growth hypothesis in the phase of development since the priority of the tourism earnings had been understood only a few years ago. Due to the domestic war situation in the last years until 2009. Sri Lankan economy had become the upper economic growth rate in last years because of the Tourism industry. Easter day attack was the current affect to the economy. That is the affect for the economic growth of Sri Lanka. Obtain of this study of Sri Lankan Economic development that tourism should guide to economic growth in the future. The relationship measured by secondary data. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data and it revealed that there was a significant impact of tourism earnings on economic growth in Sri LankaItem The effectiveness of holding Advanced Level GIT examination in online(5th National Conference on Applied Social Statistics (NRCASS) - 2019, Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2019) Vithanawasam, K.; Lakshani, M.P.; Dharmarathna, R.G.R.T.; Weerakkody, W.C.L.; Herath, H.M.D.I.This research discussed about the effectiveness of holding General Information Technology examination which is held for Advanced Level students in online. This is a computer related optional subject that has to be appeared by all the A/L candidates. The GIT examination had started in 2005, but it became compulsory in 2015. From 2005 to 2018 the GIT paper was held as a writing paper. But in 2019 the Examination Department has decided to hold the GCE A/L GIT examination as an Online pilot test. It was held from 11th of march 18th of march at 655 centers with the participation of 186,097 candidates. Two exam papers were given for 3hours. 10 extra minutes was granted as a loading time and paper should be answered according to the system. The candidates who got the admission for the GIT pilot examination 2019 were the population of the research and some candidates who got the admission for GIT pilot paper, were randomly selected from the western province . Finding whether the candidates have the basic computer literacy, the most effective method is either online paper or writing paper, issues that were occurred during the examination sessions and the effectiveness of holding the GIT paper as online paper continuously were the objectives of the research. The outcome of this research indicates that most of the students don’t have primary computer literacy even to operate a computer and they haven’t enough facilities to learn. Therefore, some students were afraid of facing the exam and some were even not participated. Moreover, some students were not able to face the examination properly due to some issues like power cutting and system errors. Finally, this research gives a conclusion that this online pilot paper wasn’t successful one without a proper preparation and it is better to hold the GIT examination as a written paperItem Childhood Obesity and Academic Performance at School(5th National Conference on Applied Social Statistics (NRCASS) - 2019, Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2019) Assalla, A.D. N. P.Childhood obesity is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century. Children who are obese are above the normal weight for their age and height. Childhood obesity leads to its related noncommunicable diseases and psychosocial health problems of children. Childhood obesity increases the risk of adulthood obesity and obesity related diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Successful academic performance is important during the school years and is also a strong predictor of occupational and social success in adult life. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to examine the association between children’s overweight status and their academic achievements. This study was based on primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from a cross-sectional survey conducted through a structured questionnaire in Gampaha district. Simple random sampling method were used to select 80 students. Descriptive statistics including mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics comprising chi square test, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze data using SPSS and Excel. Overweight students both girls and boys achieved lower average marks for math and language than their non-overweight peers. Age, gender, mother’s BMI, father’s BMI, skipping breakfast, eating fast foods and snacks have identified as key determinant for the development of obesity. The overweight students also demonstrated significantly more detentions, worsened school attendance and less participation on sports. This study has identified that, obesity is negatively associated with academic performance in both gender at schoolItem The Effects of Foreign Grants and Foreign Debt on the Economic Growth in Sri Lanka: An Ardl Bounds Test Approach(5th National Conference on Applied Social Statistics (NRCASS) - 2019, Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2019) Arachchi, I. A. J. I.Foreign grants (FG) and foreign debt (FD) are important sources to finance the development program in developing countries. The relative impact of FD and FG on economic growth has not been examined in Asia including Sri Lankan context. The aim of the study is to examine the impact of FD and FG on economic growth in Sri Lanka. The analysis was carried out for the period 1977 to 2017 using the variables, Gross domestic product (GDP), economic openness (MX), FG and FD. The data were collected from the annual report of Central Bank and all these variables are in constant prices. The Phillips-Perron unit root test results show that some variables are stationary at level and some variables are stationary their first difference. The GDP was used as proxy for economic growth. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bounds test is employed to find out the long run equilibrium relationships between variables in the study. The ARDL bound test shows that there is a significant long run relationship between GDP and explanatory variables. FG affects GDP positively while FD does not affect statistically significantly in the long run. The results of error correction model estimation shows that the error correction term is significant and had negative sign which theoretically expected. The coefficient of the error correction term indicates that 23 percent of the disequilibrium error is corrected each year. This indicates that the response variable GDP moves towards long-run equilibrium path along with time. In the short run, FD and FG do not influence GDP significantly while LMX affects GDP significantly. Diagnostic tests attest that the results are robust. The CUSUM test confirms that the parameters are stable in the study period. In the Sri Lankan context, FG is favorable source compared to FD. FD has become a sensitive issue now in Sri Lanka as we need to large amount of repayment. Therefore, the government, policy makers need to design the policy regarding FD and FG considering the relative impacts of each variableItem Socio Economic Factors Affecting to Prevalence of Diabetes in Sri Lanka(4th National Research Conference on Applied Social Statistics, Social Statistics Students’ Association, Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Assalla, A.D.N.P.Diabetes is a group of illnesses characterized by high blood glucose levels that result from defects in the body’s ability to produce and /or use insulin. Diabetes can have a significant impact on quality of life and can reduce life expectancy. It was the 8 th leading cause of global death in 2015 and is expected to advance to be the 5th cause by 2030. Importantly, the low- and middle-income countries are more vulnerable to diabetes and related deaths. There were 1,198,100 total cases of diabetes in Sri Lanka in 2017 and one in 12 adults in the country suffers from diabetes causing one of the leaders in the global movement striving to beat one of the largest health threats impacting the world today. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to identify socio economic factors affecting to prevalence of diabetes among adults. The survey was based on primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from a cross sectional survey conducted through a structured questionnaire in the Attanagalla division and 60 participants were participated to the study. Descriptive statistics including mean, standard deviation and logistic regression were used to analyze data using SPSS and Excel. Prevalence of diabetes was significantly higher among marriage person. (χ2=11.050, P=0.001) Prevalence of diabetes was higher among, who is working fulltime than retired persons. (P<0.001, OR=1.296, 95% CI, 0.269 - 6.255) Diabetic prevalence is significantly higher among persons who educated up to O/L than graduates. 45% of participant who were suffering from diabetes get action to prevent diabetes. The research has identified urban area people suffer from diabetes than rural area people. Both male and female had same probability to have diabetes and smoking habits and overweight are the major risk factors for prevalence of diabetes.Item Business model of free newspaper and Sri Lankan Newspaper Industry (A study on the behavior of newspaper readers)(4th National Research Conference on Applied Social Statistics, Social Statistics Students’ Association, Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Ruwanpathirana, I.Information acts very important role in human society. Though there are many other sources of information, newspaper still plays an essential role as the conveyer of information. But as time went by the shape and format of the newspaper has been changed. In this context free newspaper was introduced to the world as a successful business model. Free newspaper is a publication which contains current news, published at least four times a week, revenue depends on the advertisements and available free of charge at public places in the city.Though many developed countries are doing business well with this concept, it’s still new to Sri Lanka. So if we are going to start a free newspaper in Sri Lanka, there is a question that, how Sri Lankan audience will react to this product. The behavior of consumer is more and more important when we are developing a new product or service. Newspaper reader is the ultimate consumer of a free newspaper. Therefore the main objective of this study is to find out the possibility to start a free newspaper in Sri Lanka by researching the behavior of newspaper readers in Sri Lanka. 100 respondents from Colombo city were taken in to the sample by using random sampling technique. Researcher was conscious to select commuters instead of just taking people who live in Colombo. It’s because, free newspaper is mainly published targeting the commuters in countries where free newspaper has got the popularity. Rational for selecting Colombo city is, it is the largest metropolitan city and major economic center in Sri Lanka. And that makes Colombo the most suitable location, if some company wishes to start a free newspaper in near future. Questionnaire survey was performed to collect data. The computer software SPSS 19.0 was used to analysis data and calculates values.It was found that the number of regular newspaper readers is low and highest amount of non-readers are teenagers who are in the age group of 15-19. When we analyze the behavior of Sri Lankan commuters, 54% people said that they do nothing during the commuting time. 23% sleep. 12% listen to radio or music. 8% chat with friend. Only 3% answered that they read something. It was proved that majority of Sri Lankan’s do not have a habit of reading while traveling. But it was revealed by this study that majority of people would like to have a free newspaper one day. But they have no idea what the free newspaper is. At last it was proved that though there are both positive and negative facts, people haven’t dumped newspaper yet. Even though there are a number of nonreaders, creative strategic plan can turn these non-readers to readers. It is a good opportunity which we can use creatively with new product to establish free newspaper concept in Sri Lankan newspaper industryItem Is the growth of insurance sector sensitive to economic growth in Sri Lanka(4th National Research Conference on Applied Social Statistics, Social Statistics Students’ Association, Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Nisanka, G.S.G.Sri Lanka as a developing country as well as running under open economic policy, insurance sector has been developed significantly within last two decades. Moreover, it has been contributing to the economy of the country. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analysis the impact of GDP growth on insurance income in Sri Lanka. This study has employed the time series data from 2002 to 2017 taken from central bank reports and the annual reports of Sri Lanka insurance board. The results show that there is a positive impact of GDP per capita on insurance income. In conclusion, insurance sector in Sri Lankan is sensitive on GDP per capita as other developed countriesItem The Impact of Microfinance on Women’s Entrepreneurship(3rd National Research Conference on Applied Social Statistics (NRCASS – 2017), 2017) Rathnayake, R. M. D.Entrepreneurship is the dynamic process of creating incremental wealth. Women’s entrepreneurship are key instrument in the society and their role is very important because, they act dual role both in the family as well as society. Microfinance has an important role empowering rural women in developing countries such as Sri Lanka by accessing credit facilities for their income generating activities to enhance rural women’s entrepreneurship. It has also been considered an effective vehicles for women’s empowerment. The main objective of the study is to investigate the impact of micro credit facilities on empowerment of women entrepreneurs’ in rural area. Also to identify some of the microfinance facilities and special packages available to small scale enterprises run by women in the rural area, families of those women. In this study 37 women’s were selected randomly from the Teldeniya area for the sample. In this study both primary and secondary data were used. Primary data was collected by giving questionnaire to the selected sample unit and secondary data was collected from the related reports and empirical studies. Collect data was analyze using the SPSS software version 20 and MS Excel. Though there are many analytical methods, this study use descriptive statistics, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and regression analysis to analyze the data. The sample women doing these business more than five years. The study found that majority of microfinance supported women entrepreneurs in rural areas have not good education. And they doing that business for five or more years. Among micro finance products Credit card and payment services are not popular majority use credit, savings, and insurance. The study found that the amount of loan, level of education and rate of interest are the important factors which determine the women entrepreneurship development.