Symposia & Conferences
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Item Factors associated with destination image on tourists’ revisit: With reference to Polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka(International Conference on Applied Social Statistics (ICASS) - 2019, Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2019) Fernando, A. L. B.; Perera, P. G. T. N.; Liyanage, L.N.As tourism is one of the prominent sectors in the Sri Lankan economy, number of research studies have been done in order to find the impact of tourism income on the economic development. For the purpose of gaining higher income through tourism, it is essential to have a continuous tourist arrival. To achieve that, revisit intention of tourists is a significant factor. The major identified factors affecting tourist revisit intention include satisfaction (Choo & Petrick, 2014; Ranjbarian & Pool, 2015; Um et al., 2006) perceived value (Petrick et al., 2001; Campo-Martinez et al., 2010), past vacation experience (Chen & Gursoy, 2001; Kozak, 2001), sense of security (Chen & Gursoy, 2001), image (Allameh et al., 2014; Pratminingsih et al., 2014; Hallmann et al., 2015; Tan & Wu, 2016), attachment (Petrick, 2004), and cultural difference (Chen & Gursoy, 2001). Out of these, destination image consists of the overall beliefs, ideas and impressions consumers have about a place or destination. Studies analyzing destination image and revisit intention have shown a positive effect between destination image and revisiting behaviour of tourists (Rittichainuwat et al., 2001; Tasci & Gartner, 2007). Destination image consists of cognitive and affective images (Beerli & Martin, 2004). Cognitive images are visible elements (eg landscape, cleanliness), or psychological elements (impression about atmosphere and hospitality). Affective images comprise of the feelings or emotions a tourist generates about a given destination (Martin & Bosque, 2008). Therefore, this study aims to examine the factors associated with destination image on the revisit intention of tourists.Item Stakeholders Perception on Bentota Tourism Industry(International Conference on Applied Social Statistics (ICASS) - 2019, Department of Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2019) Wickramaratne, K.A.D.I.Bentota is a famous tourist destination in Sri Lanka due to its ancient history, natural and cultural elements. Bentota is a beautiful village, located in the Galle district of the Southern province about 64km from South of Colombo. This area consists of natural attractions like very rare flora and fauna, a beautiful beach, famous Bentota river, cultural and archaeological attractions. The integrated facility in Bentota is an excellent model of sustainable tourism and a classic example of well planned development. Due to the unique features of the Bentota most of the stakeholders motivate to make tourism investments in this area. It is very important to state as to how tourism should be developed in a country, tourists to have a peaceful holiday, private sector to offer tourism facilities and local community to share tourism benefits. The post war scenario of Sri Lanka stimulates many aspects of the economy in particular. Among them Tourism and Hospitality industry is prominent. At the same time the perception of stakeholders is emphasized in the macro perspective as a strategy in strengthening the economyItem Valuation of environmental amenities in the Hikkaduwa beach using the Hedonic pricing method(4th International Conference on Social Sciences 2018, Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Jayasekara, K.D.De.S.; Gunaratne, L.H.P.The hotel room pricing in tourism sector has become a major application of the hedonic pricing method. In this approach, it is assumed that the presence or absence of certain hotel attributes affects the room rates faced by consumers when they make their decisions regarding the hotel accommodation. Therefore, the determinants of the room rate a consumer must pay for a hotel stay is a function of various hotel attributes. This research is focused on investigating whether the value of the environmental amenities in the Hikkaduwa beach is reflected by the room rates of the hotels and guest houses in Hikkaduwa. The stratified random sampling method used to select the sample which consisted of 102 hotels and guest houses and the Hedonic pricing model was constructed using only 72 hotels and guest houses. Semi-log model was used in the linear multiple regression analysis, which was carried out using the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) Statistics: Version 20 software package. Accordingly, it was investigated whether the room rates have been influenced by the environmental characteristics of the hotels and guest houses, including the characteristics related to the environmental amenities in the Hikkaduwa beach. The marginal willingness to pay for the environmental amenities in the Hikkaduwa beach was also ascertained. In addition, the impact from the non-environmental characteristics was considered. The average room rates of the hotels and guest houses ranged from Rs.725.00 to Rs. 42387.50, with a mean of Rs.5462.10. According to the results of the regression analysis, the significant environmental characteristic variables related to environmental amenities in the Hikkaduwa beach were the hotel or the guest house being closer to the beach and having sea view for the rooms. The values for marginal willingness to pay were Rs. 2465.75 and Rs. 2495.46 for being closer to the beach and having sea view for the rooms respectively. Some of the non-environmental characteristics also had a significant influence on the room rates. The results have revealed that the environmental amenities in the Hikkaduwa beach have been valued to a considerable extent and they have been considered by tourists when making decisions regarding the hotel accommodation, which may have then influenced the room rates of the hotels and guest houses in Hikkaduwa. It has emphasized the value of the environmental amenities in the Hikkaduwa beach for the survival of tourism in Hikkaduwa.Item The Effectiveness of Word of mouth in Generating Tourists to the Destination of Sri Lanka: A study with Special Reference to the City of Kandy(4th International Conference on Social Sciences 2018, Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Senarathna, T.M.C.D.; Wijesaooriya, M.W.A.T.N.Tourism sector is one of the most important foreign exchange generating industries in Sri Lanka. On the other hand, the industry is highly based on services compared to other major industries in the country. Therefore, it generates a large amount of direct and indirect job opportunities to the Sri Lankan job market and contribute tremendously to resolve many problems in the country. Most tourists travel to Sri Lanka by finding details using different sources such as internet, books, magazines, and with the help of word of mouth through friends and relatives. Here, the word of mouth is simply what happens when a tourists’ interest in a destination’s product or service is reflected in their day-to-day conversations. If the travel experience is satisfactory to a tourist, the word of mouth creates a positive image of a destination. Majority of tourists rely on their friends and relatives’ words on travel experiences to get the best experience. The research problem of the study was “is the word of mouth a considerable factor in generating a large flow of tourists to Sri Lanka”. And also the main objective of the research was to identify the effectiveness of word of mouth in attracting tourists to the destination of Sri Lanka. The study was mainly based on quantitative and qualitative data, and randomly selected 50 tourists in the city of Kandy were interviewed and used structured questionnaires and conversations to gather data while referring to internet, books and magazines were also done. While 58 % of tourists responded that they have highly depended on their friends’ and relatives’ responses in selecting the destination of Sri Lanka to get maximum satisfaction out of the travel, 36% of the respondents referred to web-sites and social Media to explore the beauty, activities, regulations, people, history and culture of the particular destination to travel. Therefore, the word of mouth is playing a vital role in generating a high level of visiting by tourists to the country and services, facilities and friendliness of people highly contribute in creating a positive word of mouth with regard to Sri Lanka. Therefore, it is easy to create a positive word of mouth and well attracted image on the island of Sri Lanka by offering well-organized services and diversified products beyond the satisfaction, updating tourism relevant web-sites using heart touching photographs, documentaries and informationItem Socio-cultural factors that affect towards the continuity of the male homosexuality in relation to tourism (Within the Negombo coastal area)(4th International Conference on Social Sciences 2018, Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Kumara, S.W.P.; Chandana, T.H.Male homosexuality can be identified as a social phenomenon and a crime, which should be addressed surrounding the tourism in Sri Lanka. According to the Sri Lankan Penal Code 365 (A) homosexuality is a crime. The problem of this study was ‘what the socio – cultural factors that affect towards continuity of the male homosexuality in relation to tourism are. The main objective of this study was recognition of the socio-cultural factors that affect towards the continuity of the male homosexuality in relation to tourism. Fifty local males who are having homosexuals in relation to tourism were chosen according to the snowball sampling method as the research sample. Moreover, two tourist guides, a hotel servant of a tourist hotel, a tourist driver and a hotel owner were chosen according to the purposive sampling method as the key informants. Structural questionnaire, in-depth interviews, observation and case studies were used as the method of primary data collection. According to this research, majority of the sample are engaged in homosexuality because of the pleasure' its percentage is 27%. It could be concluded that there is a clear relationship between both the pleasure and the homosexuality. Furthermore it has been crystal clear that those who are engage in homosexuality in relation to tourism is done in the aim of collecting financial benefits (23%). According to this research, it revealed that peer pressure with the homosexuals (20%) is affected to follow on the homosexual continuity .According to source of key informants it revealed that this concept of homosexuality is being maintained in its sub-culture in relation to tourism. It could be possibly be concluded that a few other factors such as willing to migration (10%), to sell the homosexuality with the aim of earning money (15%), to grasp any other experience by means of which (5%) would be affected towards the continuity of the male homosexuality in relation to tourism.Item A Study of the Tourism Industry’s Impact on Visitors’ Satisfaction with a Special Focus on Anuradhapura(Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Senarathna, T.M.C.D.Anuradhapura is one of the remarkable and ancient cities in Sri Lanka. It is a highly popular destination among historical sites in Sri Lanka leading to cultural tourism, one of the fastest growing tourism niche markets in mass tourism. It encompasses exquisite scenery, religious monuments, tanks, and monasteries etc. Annually, a large number of tourists travel to Anuradhapura to experience the historical value it offers. But there are several problems related to visitor satisfaction when it comes to facilities in the sacred city of Anuradhapura. The research problem of this study was to examine how visitor-satisfaction among those visiting Anuradhapura can be created. The other objectives were to recognize the deficits and issues encountered by the visitors at the site. The research was based on both primary sources including field observations, interviews and structured questionnaires and secondary sources including reports, magazines, websites etc. The site and its periphery were explored and the visitor-related facilities were observed to identify the current situation of the site. The research sample consisted of 20 domestic visitors and 50 foreign visitors who were randomly selected at the site during weekends in Anuradhapura. Visitors were interviewed with structured questionnaires to identify their perception, knowledge and comments regarding the site. The destination attracts domestic visitors more than foreign visitors. Many of the foreigners are from China and the other major markets are German, India and Thailand. Many of the domestic visitors are not entirely aware of the archaeological and historical value of Anuradhapura and visitor-related services and infrastructure facilities also are not at a satisfactory level for the well-being of travelers. In addition, there are many problems related to languages and an adequate experience is not delivered.