ICSS 2018
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repository.kln.ac.lk/handle/123456789/19402
Browse
2 results
Search Results
Item Cooperation, Alignment, and Alliance: Defining Security Relationships for the 21st Century Strategic Environment(4th International Conference on Social Sciences 2018, Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Bosack, M.M.A.The Indo-Pacific is destined to be the region of the world with the most great-power competition in the 21st century. States will be seeking to align with others, but conventional models for alliances are outmoded in the context of modern competition. This paper provides a necessary update to core concepts associated with alliances and other security relationships. It examines strategies that underwrite competition and cooperation to provide better understanding of emerging trends in the Indo-Pacific’s security relationships. The nature of conflict and competition has evolved in ways that has made traditional conceptions of alliances obsolete, forcing a necessary reexamination of security relationships in the present era. Although conventional and nuclear conflict are still considerations, the broader application of diplomatic, information, and economic power in interstate competition means that traditional military alliances are ill-suited for the current strategic environment. Instead of focusing simply on the binary “ally” or “non-ally,” this paper clarifies security relationships in the context of modern competition by employing six key indicators: (1) common interests among states; (2) unilateral policies directed at security relationships; (3) routine security engagement; (4) negotiated policies; (5) negotiated instruments; and (6) negotiated alliance treaties. The paper concludes that these indicators serve both as measures for security relationships as well as tools for crafting strategic ends, ways, and means. It then uses examples of relationships in the region, including those among the United States, Japan, Sri Lanka, the Republic of Korea, the Philippines, and China to illustrate key points. It isolates a taxonomy of security relationships under cooperation, alignment, and alliances, and suggests that alignments will be the most important in shaping the Indo-Pacific in the 21st century. This research provides key findings for states searching to build strategies for shaping security relationships in an increasingly contested regionItem The Impact of Religious Conflict on National Cooperation in Post-War Sri Lanka(4th International Conference on Social Sciences 2018, Research Centre for Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Madusanka, R.W.B.M.D.; Peiris, P.T.M.; Silva, M.L.M.; Perera, M.P.Ten years have gone since the end of three decades of civil war in Sri Lanka. This civil war, a result of the ethnic conflict between two ethnicities caused negative impacts on national solidarity. After the war, the governments that came to power have taken various levels of national and international actions to work together for national solidarity. As a result, the present society experiences a politically peaceful atmosphere compared to the era of civil war. Yet, there are several incidents reported on civil conflicts in various place in Sri Lanka. This study aims to find out the reasons underlying the ethnic conflicts in post-war era in Sri Lanka while examining the religious factors affecting the ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka. The study used case-study method with special reference to the case known as ‘Theldeniya Sinhala-Muslim Incident’ in Kandy district. Responses from 40 respondents, who have witnessed ‘Theldeniya Sinhala-Muslim Incident’ were interviewed through structured-interview method. In addition, secondary data such as newspaper articles, previous case-study reports and preliminary reports related to the study were referred. Through the case-study analysis it was concluded that the political strategies to weaken the civil society are mirrored as ethnic conflicts in Sri Lanka. Hence, to promote national solidarity grass-root level awareness campaigns must be promoted by government and non-government organisations on ethnic-wellbeing in Sri Lanka.