Journal/Magazine Articles

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This collection contains original research articles, review articles and case reports published in local and international peer reviewed journals by the staff members of the Faculty of Medicine

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Author: search.filters.author.de Silva, H.J.Subject: search.filters.subject.Retrospective Studies

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Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Concomitant leptospirosis-hantavirus co-infection in acute patients hospitalized in Sri Lanka: implications for a potentially worldwide underestimated problem
    (Cambridge University Press, 2015) Sunil-Chandra, N.P.; Clement, J.; Maes, P.; de Silva, H.J.; Van Esbroeck, M.; Van Ranst, M.
    Two global (re-)emerging zoonoses, leptospirosis and hantavirus infections, are clinically indistinguishable. Thirty-one patients, hospitalized in Sri Lanka for acute severe leptospirosis, were after exclusion of other potentially involved pathogens, prospectively screened with IgM ELISA for both pathogens. Of these, nine (29·0%) were positive for leptospirosis only, one (3·2%) for hantavirus only, seven (22·5%) for both pathogens concomitantly, whereas 13 (41·9%) remained negative for both. Moreover, in a retrospective study of 23 former patients, serologically confirmed for past leptospirosis, six (26·0%) were also positive in two different IgG ELISA hantavirus formats. Surprisingly, European Puumala hantavirus (PUUV) results were constantly higher, although statistically not significantly different, than Asian Hantaan virus (HTNV), suggesting an unexplained cross-reaction, since PUUV is considered absent throughout Asia. Moreover, RT-PCR on all hantavirus IgM ELISA positives was negative. Concomitant leptospirosis-hantavirus infections are probably heavily underestimated worldwide, compromising epidemiological data, therapeutical decisions, and clinical outcome.
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    Prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in two districts of Sri Lanka: a hospital based survey
    (BioMed Central, 2010) Niriella, M.A.; de Silva, A.P.; Dayaratne, A.H.G.K.; Ariyasinghe, M.H.A.D.P.; Navarathne, M.M.N.; Peiris, R.S.K.; Samarasekara, D.; Satarasinghe, R.L.; Rajindrajith, S.; Dassanayake, A.S.; Wickremasinghe, A.R.; de Silva, H.J.
    BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is being increasingly diagnosed in Asia. However there are few epidemiological data from the region. METHODS: To determine prevalence and clinical characteristics of IBD, a hospital-based survey was performed in the Colombo and Gampaha districts (combined population 4.5 million) in Sri Lanka. Patients with established ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), who were permanent residents of these adjoining districts, were recruited from hospital registries and out-patient clinics. Clinical information was obtained from medical records and patient interviews. RESULTS: There were 295 cases of IBD (UC = 240, CD = 55), of which 34 (UC = 30, CD = 4) were newly diagnosed during the study year. The prevalence rate for UC was 5.3/100,000 (95% CI 5.0-5.6/100,000), and CD was 1.2/100,000 (95% CI 1.0-1.4/100,000). The incidence rates were 0.69/100,000 (95% CI 0.44-0.94/100,000) for UC and 0.09/100,000 (95% CI 0.002-0.18/100,000) for CD. Female:male ratios were 1.5 for UC and 1.0 for CD. Mean age at diagnosis was (males and females) 36.6 and 38.1y for UC and 33.4 and 36.2y for CD. Among UC patients, 51.1% had proctitis and at presentation 58.4% had mild disease. 80% of CD patients had only large bowel involvement. Few patients had undergone surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of IBD in this population was low compared to Western populations, but similar to some in Asia. There was a female preponderance for UC. UC was mainly mild, distal or left-sided, while CD mainly involved the large bowel.
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    Yellow oleander poisoning in Sri Lanka: outcome in a secondary care hospital
    (SAGE Publishing, 2002) Fonseka, M.M.D.; Seneviratne, S.L.; de Silva, C.E.; Gunatilake, S.B.; de Silva, H.J.
    Cardiac toxicity after self-poisoning from ingestion of yellow oleander seeds is common in Sri Lanka. We studied all patients with yellow oleanderpoisoning (YOP) admitted to a secondary care hospital in north central Sri Lanka from May to August 1999, with the objective of determining theoutcome of management using currently available treatment. Patients with bradyarrhythmias were treated with intravenous boluses of atropine and intravenous infusions of isoprenaline. Temporary cardiac pacing was done for those not responding to drug therapy. During the study period 168 patients with YOP were admitted to the hospital (male:female = 55:113). There were six deaths (2.4%), four had third-degree heart block and two died of undetermined causes. They died soon after delayed admission to the hospital before any definitive treatment could be instituted. Of the remaining 162 patients, 90 (55.6%) patients required treatment, and 80 were treated with only atropine and/or isoprenaline while 10 required cardiac pacing in addition. Twenty-five (14.8%) patients had arrhythmias that were considered life threatening (second-degree heart block type II, third-degree heart block and nodal bradycardia). All patients who were treated made a complete recovery. Only a small proportion of patients (17%) admitted with YOP developed life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. Treatment with atropine and isoprenaline was safe and adequate in most cases
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    Suicide in Sri Lanka: Points to ponder
    (Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2000) de Silva, H.J.; Kasturiaratchi, N.; Seneviratne, S.L.; Senaratne, D.C.; Molagoda, A.; Ellawala, N.S.
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    Viral hepatitis complicating pregnancy--a five year hospital based retrospective study
    (Sri Lanka Medical Association, 1993) de Silva, H.J.; Jayawardena, J.; Pethiyagoda, A.U.; Pethiyagoda, C.J.B.; Sirisena, J.L.
    Limited data are available on viral hepatitis (VH) complicating pregnancy from Sri Lanka. We retrospectively studied all pregnant and non-pregnant women of child bearing age, who were admitted with VH to the Teaching Hospital Peradeniya between January 1987 and December 1991. During this period, there were 187 cases of icteric VH among non-pregnant women of child bearing age, but only 10 cases among pregnant women (hospital incidence of 0.35 cases of VH per 1000 pregnancy related admissions). Two of the 10 (case fatality 20%) pregnant women died of causes related to VH compared with only 3 of the 187 (1.6%) non-pregnant women (p < 0.001), giving a relative risk of death due to VH in pregnant women of 12.5 (95% confidence limits 1.8-85.6). The perinatal case fatality rate due to VH was 20%. VH complicating pregnancy does not appear to be a common cause of hospital admission, but pregnancy makes death due to VH more likely. VH complicating pregnancy also results in a high perinatal mortality