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    A critical study of the efforts made by the successive rulers of Dambadeniya period in order to safeguard and protect the sacred tooth relic of the Lord Buddha
    (1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOCIAL SCIENCES, 18-20 JULY 2008 FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF KELANIYA, 2008) Wanninayaka Sudharmawathie
    In the history of Ceylon, the change of capitals for the third time occurred in the city of Dambadeniya in 1232 A.D. under the king of III Vijayabahu of Dambadeniya became the center of power and overall authority. When examining and analyzing the courses and effects of the decline of Polonnaruwa and the rise of Dambadeniya, Sri Lankan was engrossed in a formidable predicament. This came about as a result of the invasion launched by an unscrupulous invader Magha from the state Kalinga in India. By his invasion, he degraded the political, economic, social and religious harmony and dignity in the country. The contemporary Bhikkus who had seen this situation had exerted enormous energy to combat this state of affairs, mainly to safeguard and protect the sacred tooth relic from the invader. The Bhikkus who engaged themselves in this arduous and meritorious deed, having hidden the sacred tooth relic underground at Kotmale and left the country in order to escape from death. The Dambadeniya dynasty comprises III Vijayabahu, II Parakramabahu, IV Vijayabahu and I Buanekabahu. Among the religious services and activities performed by this rulers pertaining to the secret tooth relic took an important place. The most important duty of III Vijayabahu on he becoming the king was to call back from the India the Bhikkus who had left the country for fear of death, and to restore the sacred tooth relic which was hidden at Kotmale to Dambadeniya. From that time rulers had taken scrupulous care to protect and guard the sacred tooth relic. This study is made on historical literature and archaeological data. The conclusions arrived in this study are: 1. There had been a strenuous effect throughout this period to safeguard and protect the sacred tooth relic. 2. There were religious performances connected with the tooth relic, exhibition of the tooth relic ,periodical processions connected with sacred tooth relic. 3. In addition to above, the possession, the possession of the sacred tooth relic had been the symbol of power and kingship.
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    Monetary Transaction in Ancient Sri Lanka (6th B.C. to 1017th A.C.)
    (SocialHistory Society 36"' Annual Conference,University of Manchester, 2011) Gunawardana, V.D.N.S.
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    The ancient Medical Tradition in Sri Lanka
    (34th Annual International Conference, Social History Society University of Wat-wick, United Kingdom, 2009) Gunawardana, V.D.N.S.
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    Historical Importace of the legend of Ramayana.
    (Proceedings ofthe AnnuaIResearch Symposium 2007 - Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, 2007) Gunawardana, V.D.N.S.
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    The Nature of the Internal Trade in the Kingdom of Anuradhapura
    (International Conference - the Inter University Cooperation Program RegionalStability through Economic, Social andEnvironmentalDevelopment in the GreatMekongSub-RegionalandAsia Pacific, Sri Lanka, 2011) Gunawardana, V.D.N.S.
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    Historical value of Dipavamsam
    (Proceedings of the Annual Research Symposium 2003 - Faculty ofGraduate Studies, University ofKelaniya, 2003) Gunawardana, V.D.N.S.
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    Sihalawaththu:As the oldest historical source
    (Proceedings of the Annual Research Symposium 2004-Faculty of Graduate Studies. University of Kelaniya, 2004) Gunawardana, V.D.N.S.
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    The Role of the Traders in Monetary Transactions in Sri Lanka
    (5th International Congress of Society of South Asian Archeology (SOSAA), India, 2014) Gunawardana, V.D.N.S.
    This paper focuses on the study of the trade in the Anur?dhapura period which runs from the 6th B.C. to 1017 A.C. In order to understand the trade of the Anuradhapura period, the inscriptions are found from the places such as Vilbavehera, Bambaragastalawa, Peripuliynkulama, Situlpawwa. The best inscription that can be taken into consideration during the study of the trade of Sri Lanka is the Baddula pillar inscription, which belongs to the reign of king III Udaya or IV Udaya. This particular pillar inscription was found by, Mr Jone Belli, a deputy British agent in the year of 1857, within close proximity to the reservoir of Sorabora, which was around three miles from the East of the Mihiyangana Dageba. It has been inscribed that the trade had been practiced in a town by the name of ?Hopitigamuwa?. The prologue of the inscription states that the traders and the dwellers had submitted a petition on the malpractices done, to the king Udaya, during an official visit to the Mahiyangana Dageba. With reference to the Badulla pillar inscription, it is said, that those days the scales had been used in order to measure the grain. According to the Badulla inscription, it is understood that the bulls had been used for the transportation of goods. According to the Moragoda inscription, both buffalos and the bulls had been used. It is believed that in the ancient Sri Lanka, there existed a system which is similar to that of the present day banking system in order to deposit money and grain, and this particular financial institution is introduced as ?Niyamatana?. The inscriptions of Thonigala and Labuatabedigala clearly provide with further information.
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    The Trade and the Traders as depicted in Epigraphy in Ancient Sri Lanka
    (22nd International Conference of the European Association for South Asian Archaeology and Art (EASAA 2014) at the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities in Stockholm, Sweden, 2014) Gunawardana, V.D.N.S.
    Hereby, my attention is focused on the study of the monetary transactions in the Anur?dhapura period which runs from the 6th B.C. to 1017 A.C. In order to understand the nature of the internal trade of the Anuradhapura period, the inscriptions are found from the places such as Vilbavehera, Bambaragastalawa, Peripuliynkulama, Situlpawwa. The best inscription that can be taken into consideration during the study of the nature of the internal trade of Sri Lanka is the Baddula pillar inscription, which belongs to the reign of king III Udaya or IV Udaya. This particular pillar inscription was found by, Mr Jone Belli, a deputy British agent in the year of 1857, within close proximity to the reservoir of Sorabora, which was around three miles from the East of the Mihiyangana Dageba. It has been inscribed that the trade had been practiced in a town by the name of ?Hopitigamuwa?. The prologue of the inscription states that the traders and the dwellers had submitted a petition on the malpractices done, to the king Udaya, during an official visit to the Mahiyangana Dageba. With reference to the Badulla pillar inscription, it is said, that those days the scales had been used in order to measure the grain. According to the Badulla inscription, it is understood that the bulls had been used for the transportation of goods. According to the Moragoda inscription, both buffalos and the bulls had been used. There existed a system which is similar to that of the present day banking system in order to deposit money and grain, and this particular financial institution is introduced as ?Niyamatana?. The inscriptions of Thonigala and Labuatabedigala clearly provide with further information.
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    The religious intercourse between Sri Lanka and Thailand as depicted in Jinakalamali
    (Annual research symposium, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2008) Gunawardana, V.D.N.S.
    The book Jinakalamali, the chronicle of Siam, contributes to the study of Sri Lankan history. This book gives many details about the religious intercourse between Sri Lanka and Siam in 13th ? 15th centuries. Ratanapachcha thero was the author of it. This book discloses I. Enshrining of the relic in Seruvila stupa II. Religious contribution of the kings in the Anuradhapura period (Devanampiyatissa to Mahasena) III. A special Buddhist statue seehalapatima which was brought from Sri Lanka to Siam and the homage it received from the leaders of Siam. IV. Contribution of Udumbara Mahasama of Sri Lanka and his followers to develop the Siam religious activities. Most of the information given in Jinakalamali could be proved through inscription in Siam. If not for the Mahavansa some information given in the Jinakalamali could not have been correctly understood as they are given in such a shorter form. However the value of Jinakalamali is the book reveals the contribution of Sinhalese Buddhist monks to establish Buddhism in Siam.