2nd ICARE Student's Conference - 2016
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repository.kln.ac.lk/handle/123456789/16423
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Item Internet Adoption in SMEs in Sri Lanka(Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Sudarshani, P.E.; Perera, H.A.P.L.The growth of information technology in the business world is spreading at a phenomenal rate. The uses of the internet for e-commerce purposes have seen a high increase due to growth in websites for commercial purposes. The success of a business organization stands at the usage of IT in their business. This paper aims to investigate empirically the decision of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) to adopt the internet in their business. This study investigates the major determining factors for e-commerce adoption in Srilankan SMEs. The data were collected using a standard questionnaire. SPSS software was used for analysis purpose. Analysis were carried out to investigate the adoption of Internet in Sri Lankan SMEs. The results show that knowledge of English language, Technical compatibility, perceive benefits and cost of web adoption have significant relationships with internet adoption, the results of the study of highly educated managers of SMEs also exposure a non-significant relationship between innovation adoption tendency and adoption of internet. This study provides more understanding of manager’s perceptions about internet adoption on their businesses. Those in promoting the web may find these results helpful in guiding their efforts.Item Corporate Social Responsibility and the Financial Performance of the S &P Sl Top 20 Companies in Sri Lanka(Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Lelwala, U.L.; Perera, H.A.P.L.In present business context most of the business organizations are engaged in different kind of corporate social responsibility programmes voluntarily. There is no any law or government influence that the organizations must perform or engaged in corporate social responsibility activities. For those activities businesses incurred their financial resources and other non-financial resources. Most of the researchers researched on the relationship between corporate social responsibility and the financial performance because in general corporate social responsibility activities are cost to any company. There are many studies supporting for different types of relationships between the corporate social responsibility (positive, negative and neutral) and financial performance. For this analysis, it was selected 20 listed companies, in the S&P SL 20 in the Colombo stock exchange and for this analysis it was considered annual report data for the period from 2011 to 2015. This analysis mainly focussed on three regression models to test the relationship between the corporate social responsibility and the financial performance. These models represent the regression results of relationship between the corporate social responsibility and profit after tax, relationship between corporate social responsibility and return on assets and relationship between the corporate social responsibility and return on equity. Research findings shows that there is a positive relationship between the corporate social responsibility and profit after tax and negative relationship with return on assets and return on equity. Therefore it is concluded that, there is a relationship between the corporate social responsibility and financial performance of the companies.Item Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Firm Financial Performance: Evidence from the Listed Manufacturing Companies in Sri Lanka(Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Lakshitha, W.R.; Perera, H.A.P.L.This study analyzes the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices and Firm Financial Performance of the listed manufacturing companies in Sri Lanka with the utilization of data, obtained from thirty two (32) firms' audited annual report and financial statements between 2010-2015, Variables used for the study include, CSR spending of the company (salaries and wages spending of employees, donation in the form of health, environment, sports, community and education etc., employees’ welfare funds & Other benefits), Return on Assets (ROA), Net profit ratio (NPR) and control variable (total assets). Previous literatures provide conflicting results on the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) practice and firm financial performance with some studies showing a positive relationship, others negative and still others showing that there is no relationship between the two variables. It is with this background that this study sought to establish the relationship between corporate social responsibility practice and financial performance. The correlation and regression tests were conducted by using SPSS. The results suggested significant negative relationship between CSR and ROA without adding control variable and adding the control variable. As well as there is a significant negative relationship between CSR and NPR with and without adding control variable. The actual responsibility of conducting CSR activities are, to share their profits with society as without them they could not survive. Also future research should be conducted to quantify how much or to what degree these CSR programs have impacted on the society and its corresponding value generation for the company. The value from a practical perspective, the study is required to assess if investments in CSR is worthwhile or not.Item Accountants’ Perception of Internal Control Problems Associated with the Use of Computerized Accounting Systems: Evidence from Sri Lanka(Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Wijesuriya, D.R.D.; Perera, H.A.P.L.Today most of companies depend upon the computerized accounting systems and these systems have more complex in meeting information needs. Due to the enhancement of business complexity in recent decades, companies are facing internal control problems associated with the use of computers and computer related systems. The main purpose of this study is to examine the accountants’ perception of internal control problems associated with the use of computerized accounting systems exist. For this study, the main instrument of data collection was the questionnaire. Data is collected from 84 accountants in selected companies covering different types of industries and Descriptive statistics such as frequency distributions, percentage distribution of responses, means, cross tabulation and ANOVA were used to analyze the data. The results indicate that there are internal control problems exist with the use of computerized accounting system in Sri Lankan companies. The major important problems are Unfamiliar user may enter incorrect data, Great potential for error by employees as a result of insufficient knowledge about the system ,Great speed of computers can be manipulated to the advantage of users, New sources and potential for errors are likely to arise in the: Hardware and software, Duties are concentrated within the computer (i.e. no separation of duties as in the manual system), Information can be changed without physical traces, concentrated information is easy to steal and Electronic information is easy to lose, Employees, customers and other users trust the computer output .However, they perceive that certain control procedures can be undertaken to overcome them such as authorized access to computers, Proper system design, Use physical controls and proper authorization, Use backup copies, only authorized people should have access to the records, Use physical control and cross-check and Use control totals to check computer results .It was found that the problems in the storage level are most frequently occurred internal control issues.Item Computerized Accounting System Usage of Small & Medium Scale Enterprises in Sri Lanka(Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Weerasinghe, H.D.S.S.; Perera, H.A.P.L.Most of the researches were found that, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a significant role in almost all economies. For developing countries it is more critical than developed countries. As a developing country SMEs are identified as one of the most important elements in the economy by Sri Lankan government. Accounting system is a main component of an organization which determine the existence if the organization though evaluating the performance. In present most of the businesses are using Computerized Accounting System ot enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of accounting process. This research analyzed the Computerized Accounting System Usage by Small & Medium Scale Enterprises in Sri Lanka with reference to Colombo district. 100 SMEs were selected to obtain data and data collected through a questionnaire from SMEs in Colombo District. Out of the 100 samples selected 75 responses were received. The received data were analyzed using frequency analysis and cross tab analysis in descriptive statistics. It is found that majority of the SMEs are using computerized accounting systems but not the best software available in the market. Also there is a relationship in computerized accounting systems and the level of education of business owner and the accountant, number of accounting staff and the organizational structure. It is recommended to guide and carrying out trainings for SMEs by the government to adopt Computerized the SMEs with the technology and the boost the performance of the SMEs in Sri Lanka.Item Effect of Working Capital Management on the Performance of Listed Food Beverage Companies in Sri Lanka(Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Silva, A.M.P.K.; Perera, H.A.P.L.This study investigated the relationship between the efficient working capital management and the performance of Food & Beverage Companies in Sri Lanka. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used secondary data of eighteen Food & Beverage Companies using annual reports published during the period 2009-2015. The dependent variable, return on asset is used as the measures for the Performance. The key independent variables used in the analysis are receivables, stocks, cash and payables. The SPSS & E-views were used to analyze the collected data by the researcher. According to the outputs generated through statistical packages there is a significant relationship between Credit Ratio & the Return on Asset, which is the measure of the profitability. Similarly, there is a significant relationship between Debt Collection period, Credit Payable Period, Cash Conversion Cycle and & the Return on Asset. In addition, the results showed that there is a significant negative relationship between ratio of debt collection period, Cash Conversion Cycle and profitability. As well as there is positive relationship between ratio of Creditor payable period, Current ratio and Profitability. The results also show that there is a significant relationship between working capital and return on assets of selected companies. It means that when the working capital decreases it will lead to increase profitability of the firms. Further it was recommended that the selected companies adequately plan and control their credit policy, day to day operations and outstanding by the level of managers with the discussions, board meetings, suggestions and proposals so as to achieve the profitability.Item Tax Practices in Sri Lanka: Evidence from Tax Payer’s Perception(Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Senevirathne, R.P.S.M.; Perera, H.A.P.L.Tax payer plays a major role in the economy. The main purpose of this research was to identify taxpayer’s perception of current tax practices in Sri Lanka. The taxpayer perception is one of the most powerful variables affected for the current practice of taxation in Sri Lanka. Taxpayer’s perception is one of the sources of making decisions about the current practice of taxation in Sri Lanka. It is with the help of taxpayer’s perception that the current practice of taxation in Sri Lanka can be reviewed more clearly and decisions made from such reviews. In Sri Lanka there are some population groups. We can categorize them as religion, age and race. These different population groups may have differing perceptions about current tax practices in Sri Lanka. Tax payer’s perception is also may depends on some economic factors of the business such as number of years, monthly income of the business and etc. Other factors are taxpayer’s knowledge about taxation and taxpayer’s behavior and attitudes. This research was attempted to review current practice of taxation in Sri Lanka; a research of taxpayer perception by using the questionnaire, given to businessman’s in Colombo district. This research will help to the Department of Inland Revenue to identify taxpayer perception about current tax practices in Sri Lanka. Then Department of Inland Revenue can get future decisions about future tax practices in Sri Lanka.Item Identification of Factors influencing to Efficiency of Accounting Information Systems in SMEs(Department of Accountancy, Faculty of Commerce and Management Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Edirisinghe, K.E.I.K.; Perera, H.A.P.L.Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play very important role in many countries including Sri Lanka, as it mostly contributes for the country's economic growth. Accounting Information Systems consider as a set of capital and human resources within an organization and it is responsible for the preparation of financial information and also obtained the information from the collection and process of transaction data and provides more valuable information for decision makers, therefore it is very important to identify the factors influencing to efficiency of AIS. This study identifies the factors influencing to efficiency of Accounting Information System in Small and Medium Size Enterprises in Gampaha District. For this study, we used five main factors and nineteen sub factors under main factors. The data were collected using a standard questionnaire. Questionnaires were distributed among 80 companies in Gampaha district. Data were analyzed by using SPSS software. According to analysis, it was showed to that proper securities measure as highly influencing factor for the increase efficiency of Accounting Information System existing within SMEs with reference to Gampaha district. Based on the findings, some recommendations are given to increase the efficiency of existing AIS. Results of this study will help SMEs to understand the level of the efficiency of AIS.