Accountancy
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Item Audit Expectation Gap: A Comparative Literature Analysis of Private Sector and Public Sector(Department of Business Management Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, 2023) Deepal, A.G.; Jayamaha, A.The Audit Expectation Gap (AEG) issues are steadily expanding around the globe, irrespective of the particular sector involved. A comparative analysis will be more crucial for the AEG literature since the significance of the expectation concerns stems from the concepts of "stewardship and public accountability", which are applicable to audits in both private and public sectors. Thus, the purpose of this study is to analyze the similarities and distinctions between the AEG studies conducted pertaining to the private and public sectors. This research is directed by theoretical considerations and arrives at conclusions based on the extant literature. An exhaustive search of the published literature was conducted by applying the search terms “expectation gap” and “audit expectation gap” combined with “public sector”, “government sector” and “performance audit” in the Google Scholar search engine and three databases of Scopus, Jstor, and Emerald were performed separately and independently for each sector from 1970 to 2022. Thus, only the articles published in reputable journals concerning the AEG were selected after applying some selection criteria. It was found that the research contexts, selected target populations, and the dimensions applied to assess AEG were found to be significantly different, despite the fact that the definitions and statistical techniques used were found to be comparable in both sectors. This comparison study opens up a wealth of doors for conducting further research in the future.Item Whether Regional Disparity Affect the Efficiency of Universities in Sri Lanka?(2015) Dharmathilaka, K.K.K.; Jayamaha, A.In Sri Lanka annually millions of funds allocate from the Government budget to the universities in Sri Lanka to ensure quality higher education system. There are 15 universities were established and functioned under the apex body of University Grants Commission (UGC). The general concern that university’s prestige depends on their teaching and research activates rather than the other facilities. However, in Sri Lanka there is an ongoing debate that efficiency of some universities are affected by regional disparity, location or size. In this study we focus on measuring efficiency of all state universities in Sri Lanka using Data Envelpment Analysis (DEA). Further analysis focused on the degree of efficiency by regional disparity or the size of the university.Item Information and communication technology facilitated education in national universities of Sri Lanka(2013) Godamanna, E.H.; Jayamaha, A.The global adoption of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has majorly captured the area of education, as it is the foremost important method to create a technology equipped generation. Uses of ICTs in education are widespread and are continually growing worldwide. However in many cases, the adoption has not kept its promises up to the expected standard. The main purpose of the study is to investigate the related factors that have a significant influence on the use of ICT facilitated education in National Universities of Sri Lanka. These factors contain the Organizational Factors, Individual Factors, Educator Factors, Technological Factors and Social/Cultural Factors. Further the study also aims at assessing whether ICT facilitated education in National Universities would improve the Digital Literacy of the students. The study uses a quantitative method to collect data on the population of graduates of national Universities of Sri Lanka. Questionnaire responses are analyzed for the findings and 176 graduates selected from the three national universities. The results of the study confirms that Organizational, Educator and Technological Factors act as barriers for effective implementation of ICT facilitated education in national universities of Sri Lanka. At the same time the expected outcome of ICT facilitated education which is improving the Digital Literacy has not achieved. Based on the findings, it is recommended that policy-makers should attempt to alleviate the concerns of barriers found and try to take steps to convert the barriers in a favorable manner.Item Efficiency of small financial institutions in Sri Lanka using data envelopment analysis(2012) Jayamaha, A.In Sri Lanka, the formal rural financial sector comprises a large number of small financial institutions (SFIs). Among SFIs, cooperative rural banks (CRBs) play an important role in meeting the rural credit needs in rural sector in Sri Lanka. CRBs have gained an increasing share of financial assets, which has been particularly helpful for satisfying the growing demand for loans and advances in poor people in the country. However, performance of SFIs in Sri Lanka is less than satisfactory and highly criticised today. Poor performance has been attributed to poor management of assets and consequently, the sustainability of these institutions is uncertain. Moreover, an attention to the efficiency of SFIs in Sri Lanka is more concern to the general public given collapses of several formal and informal SFIs. Hence, aim of this study is to evaluate the overall efficiency of SFIs in Sri Lanka by taking all CRBs operate in Sri Lanka. CRBs established in 1964 and end of 2010 there are 1,933 branches operate in all 25 districts of the country. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used to measure efficiency. The study found that the efficiency of CRBs in Sri Lanka have declined during the study period of 2005 to 2010. Further found that there were significant differences in the efficiency of CRBs by geographical locations and the efficient banks are closely associated with size of the Banks. The findings of this study may convince industry decision makers to establish more comprehensive policy settings for promoting particularly, CRBs activities, and overall all SFIs in Sri Lanka’s rural financial sector.Item Budgetary process and organizational performance of apparel industry in Sri Lanka(2012) Silva, L.M.D.; Jayamaha, A.The budgetary process has been a part of management control system of the organization. This process encourages managers to plan, consider the stakeholders involved, provides information for improved decision making, increases and enhances communication and coordination among departments, and for evaluation. This paper seeks to evaluate budgetary process of apparel industry in Sri Lanka (BPA) and see whether budgetary process has significant impact on performance of such industry. The budgetary process of apparel industry was assessed by using variables such as planning, coordination, control, communication and evaluation. The performance of apparel industry in Sri Lanka was examined by using Return on Assets. Based on the data extracted from apparel industry’s financial statements, correlation coefficients and regression analysis showed that budgetary process have significant associations with the organizational performance of apparel industry in Sri Lanka. This confirms that efficient apparel companies maintain sound budgetary process which contributes to higher levels of organizational performance.Item Best financial practices analysis and efficiency of small financial institutions: Evidence from cooperative rural banks in Sri Lanka(2011) Jayamaha, A.; Mula, J.M.Many small financial institutions (SFIs) in developing countries make great effort to provide efficient services to poor house holders. It is generally accepted that maintaining the best financial practices which are of importance in corporate governance mechanism of institutions, has a close relationship with the efficiency of financial institutions, although they are small. This paper seeks to test best financial practices of cooperative rural banks in Sri Lanka (CRBs) and whether these practices have a significant impact on the efficiency of these institutions. The financial practices of CRBs was assessed using ratios of capital adequacy, liquidity, asset quality, loan to deposit, profitability, loan portfolio yield, operational efficiency, and operational self-sufficiency. The efficiency of CRBs in Sri Lanka was examined by using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Based on the data extracted from CRBs’ financial statements, correlation coefficients showed that several ratios have significant associations with the efficiency of CRBs. This confirms that efficient CRBs maintain best financial practices which contribute to their higher levels of efficiency.