Browsing by Author "Munasinghe, J.M."

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On the systematic of anomalous absorption of partial waves by nuclear optical potential
(Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, 2008) Amarasinghe, D.; Munasinghe, J.M.; Piyadasa, R.A.D.
An interesting phenomenon relating to the nuclear optical potential was discovered (Kawai M & Iseri Y,(1985)) [1] which is called the anomalous absorption of partial waves by the nuclear optical potential. They found, by extensive computer calculations, that, for a special combinations of the total angular momentum (j) ,angular momentum(/) ,energy (E) and the target nuclei(A), the elastic S-matrix elements corresponding to nucleon elastic scattering become zero. This phenomenon is universal for light ion elastic scattering on composite nuclei. [2]. It is very interesting that this phenomenon occurs for the realistic nuclear optical potential and it exhibits striking systematic in various parameter planes. For example, all nuclei which absorb a partial l waves of a definite node lie along a straight in the plane (Re, A 3 ) as shown in the figure , where Re is the closest approach and A is mass number of the target nucleus. Theoretical description of this systematic has been actually very difficult, though attempts have been made by the Kyushu group in Japan. In this contribution, we explain mathematically the most striking systematic of this phenomenon. Explanation of the systematic Partial wave· u 1 ( k, r) of angular momentum I and incident wave number k satisfies the Schrodinger equation d2􀀱1 + [ k2 _ l (l : l ) _ 2􀀲1 {V(r)+iW(r)}] u,(k,r)= 0 dr r 1i , where V (r) is the total real part and W (r) is the total imaginary part of the optical potential. Starting from this equation , one obtains (1) 􀀣lu1(k,r)I2=2 XI du, 12 -g(r􀀤u1(r􀀤2Jdr (2) dr dr 0 where g(r)= [k2-�� V(r)-l(l r:1)J. If u1(k, r) is the anomalously absorbed partial wave, the corresponding S-matrix element is zero and hence in the asymptotic region I u1(k,r) I is almost constant. Therefore [1;1' -g(r􀀳u1(k,rt ] 􀀴o (3) for large r. Now, from (1) and (3), it is not difficult to obtain[3] the equation _1 !!I 12 -- g'( r) wh (r) 'Jw ( )J 12d (4) 2 u1 - ( ) + 2 h r,., u, r lu,l dr 2g r g(r 􀀳u,l 0 166 Proceedings of the Annual Research Symposium 2008- Faculty of Graduate Studies University of Kelaniya which is valid for large r , and has been numerically tested in case of an anomalously absorbed partial waves , where Wh(r) =- 2􀀋 W(r) . If W(r) decays much more rapidly n than V(r) in case of a partial wave under consideration 􀀠􀀡lu,l2 =- g'( ( r) ) and by lu,l dr 2g r integrating this equation with respect to r, we obtain I iu1 (k, r)i2 (g(r) 2 = C (5) ,where C is a constant, and the equation (5) is valid for large values of r. In case of anomalous absorption of the partial wave, I u 1 ( k, r ) I is constant in the asymptotic region and therefore g(r) is also constant. We have found that for all partial waves corresponding to a straight line of definite node, g(r) is constant at the respective I [l(l + 1)]2 closest approach. For example, at Re = k , g(r) is constant for all partial waves lying on a straight line in case of anomalous absorption of neutron partial waves by the nuclear optical potential. Therefore, neglecting the spin-orbit potential , we get -I I 21tV0[1+exp[([l(/+l)F -1.17A3)]/arr1 =C0 n2 k where V0 is depth of the real potential and A is the target mass and the optical potential parameter ar = 0.75 and C0 is a constant. Therefore, in case of neutron, we get the linear relation [I (I+ 1)]2 = 1.11 A􀀌 + C1 k . (6) where C1 is again a constant. This relation has found to be well satisfied in the cases we have tested numerically. The equation (6) well accounts for the anomalous absorption of neutron partial waves by the Nuclear Optical Potential as shown in the figure below. : [:::::r�;;��􀀧�i��:::]::::::::::::::::::::::::] :::::::::--::::::::::::: 1 I I I I I I 􀁯 7 L----------J------------L---------__ J _ ----------L----------- : ----- ------L----------- ::N :: 6 :􀁱 ----------􀁲: ------------􀁳: -----------􀁲: _ ___________ :L _ -------i: --------..:---􀁳: ----------- 􀀮 ;::::" 5 ,1- ------ l l l : : ! - ---,------------r---- -------, ---- ------r--- --------,------------r----------- + : : : I : : : ::-::::: 4 :I- -----------;I ------ I I I I I ------:----- ---"t-------- ----:------------ 1------------:------------ 1....1 I I I I I I I 3 lI- ----------1I ------------􀀻I -----------1I ------------rI -----------1I ------------rI ----------- 2 ::- ----------1: ------------􀁰: -----------1: ------------􀁰: -----------1: ------------􀁰: ----------- I I I I I I I ,a , 2 3 4 5 6 All3 Gradient of straight line predicted by ( 6) is 1.1 7 and the actual value is 1.1828 . Very small discrepancy is due to the negligence of the spin-orbit potential.
On the systematic of anomalous absorption of partial waves by nuclear optical potential
(University of Kelaniya, 2008) Amarasinghe, D.; Munasinghe, J.M.; Piyadasa, R.A.D.
An interesting phenomenon relating to the nuclear optical potential was discovered (Kawai M & Iseri Y,(1985)) [1] which is called the anomalous absorption of partial waves by the nuclear optical potential. They found, by extensive computer calculations, that, for a special combinations of the total angular momentum (j) ,angular momentum(/) ,energy (E) and the target nuclei(A), the elastic S-matrix elements corresponding to nucleon elastic scattering become zero. This phenomenon is universal for light ion elastic scattering on composite nuclei. [2]. It is very interesting that this phenomenon occurs for the realistic nuclear optical potential and it exhibits striking systematic in various parameter planes. For example, all nuclei which absorb a partial l waves of a definite node lie along a straight in the plane (Re, A 3 ) as shown in the figure , where Re is the closest approach and A is mass number of the target nucleus. Theoretical description of this systematic has been actually very difficult, though attempts have been made by the Kyushu group in Japan. In this contribution, we explain mathematically the most striking systematic of this phenomenon. Explanation of the systematic Partial wave· u 1 ( k, r) of angular momentum I and incident wave number k satisfies the Schrodinger equation d2􀀱1 + [ k2 _ l (l : l ) _ 2􀀲1 {V(r)+iW(r)}] u,(k,r)= 0 dr r 1i , where V (r) is the total real part and W (r) is the total imaginary part of the optical potential. Starting from this equation , one obtains (1) 􀀣lu1(k,r)I2=2 XI du, 12 -g(r􀀤u1(r􀀤2Jdr (2) dr dr 0 where g(r)= [k2-�� V(r)-l(l r:1)J. If u1(k, r) is the anomalously absorbed partial wave, the corresponding S-matrix element is zero and hence in the asymptotic region I u1(k,r) I is almost constant. Therefore [1;1' -g(r􀀳u1(k,rt ] 􀀴o (3) for large r. Now, from (1) and (3), it is not difficult to obtain[3] the equation _1 !!I 12 -- g'( r) wh (r) 'Jw ( )J 12d (4) which is valid for large r , and has been numerically tested in case of an anomalously absorbed partial waves , where Wh(r) =- 2􀀋 W(r) . If W(r) decays much more rapidly n than V(r) in case of a partial wave under consideration 􀀠􀀡lu,l2 =- g'( ( r) ) and by lu,l dr 2g r integrating this equation with respect to r, we obtain I iu1 (k, r)i2 (g(r) 2 = C (5) ,where C is a constant, and the equation (5) is valid for large values of r. In case of anomalous absorption of the partial wave, I u 1 ( k, r ) I is constant in the asymptotic region and therefore g(r) is also constant. We have found that for all partial waves corresponding to a straight line of definite node, g(r) is constant at the respective I [l(l + 1)]2 closest approach. For example, at Re = k , g(r) is constant for all partial waves lying on a straight line in case of anomalous absorption of neutron partial waves by the nuclear optical potential. Therefore, neglecting the spin-orbit potential , we get -I I 21tV0[1+exp[([l(/+l)F -1.17A3)]/arr1 =C0 n2 k where V0 is depth of the real potential and A is the target mass and the optical potential parameter ar = 0.75 and C0 is a constant. Therefore, in case of neutron, we get the linear relation [I (I+ 1)]2 = 1.11 A􀀌 + C1 k . (6) where C1 is again a constant. This relation has found to be well satisfied in the cases we have tested numerically. The equation (6) well accounts for the anomalous absorption of neutron partial waves by the Nuclear Optical Potential as shown in the figure below. : [:::::r�;;��􀀧�i��:::]::::::::::::::::::::::::] :::::::::--::::::::::::: 1 I I I I I I 􀁯 7 L----------J------------L---------__ J _ ----------L----------- : ----- ------L----------- ::N :: 6 :􀁱 ----------􀁲: ------------􀁳: -----------􀁲: _ ___________ :L _ -------i: --------..:---􀁳: ----------- 􀀮 ;::::" 5 ,1- ------ l l l : : ! - ---,------------r---- -------, ---- ------r--- --------,------------r----------- + : : : I : : : ::-::::: 4 :I- -----------;I ------ I I I I I ------:----- ---"t-------- ----:------------ 1------------:------------ 1....1 I I I I I I I 3 lI- ----------1I ------------􀀻I -----------1I ------------rI -----------1I ------------rI ----------- 2 ::- ----------1: ------------􀁰: -----------1: ------------􀁰: -----------1: ------------􀁰: ----------- I I I I I I I ,a , 2 3 4 5 6 All3 Gradient of straight line predicted by ( 6) is 1.1 7 and the actual value is 1.1828 . Very small discrepancy is due to the negligence of the spin-orbit potential.
Physical Interpretation of Anomalous Absorption of Partial Waves by Nuclear Optical Potentials
(University of Kelaniya, 2007) Piyadasa, R.A.D.; Karunatileke, N.G.A.; Munasinghe, J.M.
A formula for semi-classical elastic S-matrix element has been derived by Brink and Takigawa for a potential having three turning points with a potential barrier (see [1] ) . If S, 1 denotes the S-matrix element corresponding to angular momentum l and total angular momentum j, S1 J is given, in the usual notation, by . s: {1 + N(iE;)exp(2iS32 )} Su =exp(2zu1) N(z'c) exp( 2z.8 ) , 32 (l) where N(z) is defined by N(z) = f rxp(zln(~)) and E = -i S21 . r 1 +z n If k = ~2:~£ is the wave number corresponding to a zero of semi-classical S-matrix element, it can be shown that 1 + 1 + exp(2nc) exp (2 1· s 31 ) -_ 0 N(ic) and one obtains s31 = (2n +I) H + __!__ ln(--N_(_ic_)_J 2 2i I + exp(2nc) (2) which is a necessary and sufficient condition for the semi-classical S-matrix element to be zero. Now, S U = 0 means the absence of an outgoing wave. Since the asymptotic wave boundary condition for the corresponding partial wave U U (k,r) is given by U lJ (k,r) ~ U1H (k,r)- SuUt) (k,r), (3) where U 1(- l and U j + l stand for the incoming and outgoing Coulomb wave functions respectively. A new phenomenon was discovered by M. Kawai and Y. Iresi (See[2]) in case of elastic scattering of nucleons on composite nuclei. They found that elastic S-matrix element becomes very small for special combinations of energy (E), orbital angular momentum (!), total angular momentum (j) and target nucleus. It has been found that this phenomenon is universal for light ion elastic scattering (see[3 ]). To the zero S-matrix element corresponding to this phenomenon, we have found that 2_ ln __!!ii~) __ ~ 0 both in case of deuterons scattering on nuclei and 2i 1 + exp(27r£) 4 He scattering on 40 Ni ,which means Su = (2n + 1) 7l'. It can be shown [1] that th~ S- 2 2i.~ 2iS1 matrix element can be put into the form Su :::::: _e_ + -=---z = 178 + 171 assuming that N N I e ZiS32 I :-:; I N 12 , where 17 B and 171 stand for the amplitude of the reflected wave at the external turning point and the amplitude of the reflected wave at the innermost turning point, respectively. Then it is clear that Su = 0 is due to the fact that the destructive interference of these waves in the asymptotic region.