Social and Economic Impact of the male labor migration on Household welfare

Abstract

This Research study addresses the effects of male migration on Households‟ welfare. Research Study primarily consider on Economic Impacts and Social Impacts and the way of achieving positive objectives of the households‟ members by avoiding negative impacts.The study aimed to identify, evaluate and analyze the past, present situation and trend of male‟s labor migration in Sri Lanka. The factors were affected on unskilled male labor migration and the social and economic impact of male labor migration on household welfare.According to the availability of the limited time Research Sample narrowed down to the limited area. Thus, the thirty five families of the male labour migrants randomly selected for the sample within the six Grama Niladhari divisions of the two Regional Administrative Areas of the Kurunegalla District. Data was collected from both primary and secondary sources. Secondary data are collected through the sources Books and publishing, Articles, newspapers clippings, reports of NGO networks. Primary data was collected by using pre- tested structured questions, open ended question, case studies and finally other field observations. The variable of the economic impact quantitatively measure and variables of Social impacts were qualitatively considered. Income, expenses, investment and consumption of the households have significantly improved due to the male labour migration. However, foreign employments of male have negatively affected to the households „members. They are subjected to the psychological and physical changers. The role of the economic activities and behavioral changers of the households‟ members have highly impacted while achieving the household‟s objectives. Though the sample members benefited from the economic factors due to the receiving remittance, they are socially subjected to the deterioration, Children‟s behavior have become vulnerable. Women autonomy, Freedom of movement has highly increased. Thus, when evaluating the overall context, they should have clear vision why they take decision to foreign employment. Without such an ultimate objective, it is difficult to fulfill what male migrants‟ households expected. Hence, first, they should discuss what are the households‟ functions or activities should accomplished by the foreign remittance.