Child protection in conflict zones: The role of UNICEF in protecting refugee children in the Gaza Crisis

Abstract

Background: The Gaza War between Israel and Palestine has been ongoing for ages, resulting in an impact on many lives, especially children. The conflict has resulted in loss of lives, mass destruction, and deep psychological trauma within the community. Among all the international organizations, in dealing with the crisis in Gaza, the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) stands out because of its continuous provision of services in various fields to children of the ongoing Gaza war. This study explored the gravity of the existence of this organization, combing through its historical context and operational framework that approached the areas of education, health care, emergency responses, social services and infrastructure development to fulfil the needs of the children. Method: The main research method is the qualitative research method, as this study investigates the depth and humanitarian efforts of UNICEF's role in protecting refugee children in Gaza. The primary data of this study was collected through official UNICEF reports between 2019 and 2024. Secondary data was collected through peer-reviewed journal articles, academic research papers, and news sources relevant to humanitarian responses in Gaza. Results: This study reveals how the war has impacted the refugee children psychologically and physically. UNICEF has implemented child protection measures in education, health care, psychological support, clean water, sanitation and support for children's rights within international legal frameworks. Despite having challenges in such vulnerable zones, UNICEF continues to prioritise the protection and well-being of these children. The child refugee community can join the fast-developing world without much problem because UNICEF has been providing them with all and sundry assistance. Conclusion: This study concludes that UNICEF plays a major role in keeping the refugee children safe during the Gaza war. Despite the challenges, the efforts of UNICEF in health, education, legal advocacy and psychological support contribute to the wellbeing of these children.