Cinematic portrayals of child abuse and harassment: A qualitative analysis of selected Indian films

Abstract

Background: Child abuse and harassment remain pressing societal issues, often under-addressed due to limited public awareness and inadequate systemic response. Cinema as a powerful medium of mass communication extends beyond entertainment to influence public consciousness and catalyze dialogue and policy reform. Therefore, this study critically analyzed how the selected Indian films portray child abuse and harassment, through their narrative structures and cinematic techniques, while exploring how these portrayals potentially influence public awareness and systematic reforms. Method: A Qualitative research design was implemented in the study, and purposive sampling was used to collect the samples. Considering the thematic depth and critical reception from the audience, Chiththa (2023), Ponmagal Vandhal (2020), Penguine (2020), and Ratsasan (2018) films were selected. The focus of the selected films ranges from psychological trauma to systematic failures regarding child abuse and harassment. Film discourse analysis was used to analyze the collected data. Under film discourse analysis, narrative structures, character development, and cinematic techniques were studied. Results: The findings of the study revealed that the films have addressed the topics of child abuse and harassment through emotional, psychological, investigative, and legal narrative structures. The narratives highlight the need for ethical storytelling while securing victim dignity and sharing sensitive evidence. Chiththa and Ponmagal Vandhal revealed the vacuum in the legal system in addressing the issues regarding child abuse and harassment. All the selected films have ignited the need for crucial discussions and social intervention as individuals and as a community in creating a secure place for children. Conclusion: This study shows that the diverse narrative approaches within the same discourse can create an impact on the audience. Further, comparative studies can be conducted to identify the different roles of different media discourses in shaping public awareness of child abuse and harassment.