International Postgraduate Research Conference (IPRC)
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Item Straddled Boundaries of Health Care in a Sri Lankan Village: A Medico-Anthropological Analysis(International Postgraduate Research Conference 2019, Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2019) Perera, J.A.P.S.; Angammana, B.H.Medical Pluralism (MP) is a vital phenomenon, deeply focused and widely studied in Medical Anthropology and Medical Sociology. Sri Lanka is a medically pluralistic country which offers a wide array of health care/treatment options which are available and utilized successively, alternatively, and/or simultaneously. However, the scholarship on MP in the Sri Lankan context mainly carries the biomedical perspective. In this background, we explored how socio-cultural factors and structures shape MP in a Sri Lankan rural village while there is a rapid proliferation of bio-medicine and health care technologies ranging from basic rural dispensaries to e-health facilities at the macro level. Our objectives were to; identify the dynamics of MP in the chosen village, identify how pluralist medical environment influence the health seeking behavior of the villagers and identify the reasons to cross/straddle and continue medically pluralistic situation in the village. This was an ethnographic study conducted in Dorakumbura Village in Matale district in 2018. The method of data collection included observations, interviews (10), and focus group discussions (05) conducted with a wide array of respondents (ranging from peasants, traditional healers, exorcists, astrologers, doctor, nurses, treatment seekers, to village administrative and related stake holders). We adopted the narrative analysis as the method of data analysis. The research revealed that there are three main sectors of medical pluralism; popular sector, folk sector and professional sector and villagers adopt a combination of treatment practices drawing from local, regional and cosmopolitan medical systems. Kinship and family ties still play a major role in transmitting the traditional knowledge on diseases and related treatments among the villagers studied. The peasants revealed very divers health beliefs and they follow diverse health care/treatment practices from various health traditions which are based on a wide range of social, cultural, ecological and structural factors that shape people’s choices and decisions on health. Although there seems to be a co-existence of several treatment traditions among the villagers, bio-medicine still exerts dominance. Further, cultural propensities and religious faith play a significant role in shaping pluralistic medical practices among villagers studiedItem The Potential of Kandy for Cultural Heritage Tourism Development: Enhancing the Sustainability(International Postgraduate Research Conference 2019, Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2019) Wijesooriya, M.W.A.T.N.Cultural heritage tourism has a tremendous impact on enhancing the sustainability. The sacred city of Kandy can be identified as one of the UNESCO world heritage sites in Sri Lanka and it has become a popular destination among the domestic and the international tourists. Kandy is the last kingdom of Sri Lanka which has a rich Sinhala Buddhist tradition with tangible and intangible attractions. Most of the tourists travel to Kandy to explore the experience of religious and cultural values. Apart from that, there are many stakeholders supplying their service to tourists at the destination. Also, when promoting Kandy, we want to consider the environmental, economic and socio-cultural sustainability and minimize the risk of arising the issues according to those sectors. Through the research expects to identify the potentials of cultural heritage tourism in Kandy and how should we enhance the sustainability within the sectors of economic, socio -cultural and environmental. As the specific objectives of the research are to organize a proper program in socio economic aspect of the host community. The study reveals the comprehensive analysis of cultural resources in Kandy. The empowerment of community and the other stakeholders of the cultural heritage is the key to address long-term sustainability in any of the cultural heritage destination. Therefore, the researcher is focusing on how to achieve the sustainability in Kandy with the development of cultural heritage tourism. And more consideration goes to minimize the issues thereby promote the Kandy as a sustainable cultural heritage tourism destination. The research is conducted on both qualitative and quantitative methods, where primary and secondary sources are referred in data collecting and the sample of 50 tourists and 50 community members in Kandy randomly selected and SWOT analysis were used to identify the sustainability level in Kandy for the researchItem Influence of Personal Factors on Whistleblowing Among Accountants in Sri Lanka(International Postgraduate Research Conference 2019, Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2019) Shifana, Y.F.Whistle blowing plays a crucial role in preventing unethical behavior in organizations. Previous studies on whistleblowing behavior have been conducted in various cultural context and identified the influence of employees’ personal factors on whistle blowing behavior, but results of these studies were inconsistent. This study aims to deepening the understanding of whistle blowing behavior by identifying the influence of employee’s personal factors (age, gender, and experience) on their both internal and external whistle blowing in Sri Lankan cultural context. This study was conducted among 52 accountants in Sri Lanka. T-test and ANOVA were employed to test if there is any significant differences in whistle blowing behavior (internal and external) related to these personal factors. This study found that age, gender and experience have an influence on both internal and external whistle blowing behavior. Younger (M= 2.3), female (M=3.1) and less experienced employees (2.4) engage in low level of internal whistle blowing compare to older (M=2.9), male (M=4.1) and high experienced (M= 4.7) employees. Regarding to external whistle blowing behavior there is no significant differences in whistle blowing behaviors between male (M= 3.8) and females (M= 3.4), but there is a significant difference in whistle blowing regarding age and experience. Younger (M= 3.1) employees and less experienced (M = 4.0) employees are highly engaged in external whistle blowing than older (M = 1.9) and more experienced (2.1) employees. Mean differences were significant at 0.05 significance levels. Further this study found that younger and less experienced employees are highly engaged in external whistle blowing than internal whistle blowing. Findings of this study highlights the individual differences in whistle blowing behavior in Sri Lankan context that help organization to motivate internal whistle blowing and demotivate external whistle blowing of employees. This study contributes to the literature by examining the influence of personal factors in both internal and external whistle blowing among accountants in Sri Lankan cultural context which was unnoticed in the literature.Item A Study of the Development of Feng-Shui Art in Sri Lankan Culture(Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Basnayaka, N.Feng-Shui art is a ritual that is practiced worldwide at present. This Feng-Shui art is included part of Chinese culture. Feng is wind and shui is water in Chinese culture. There are two concepts namely ‘Yin and Yang’ and ‘Pancha Maha Dhathu’ included in Feng-Shui which was established three thousand years ago. Meanwhile, Sri Lankans have focused their own kind of attention in Feng-Shui art. The main objective of this research is to review the areas of Feng-Shui art that can be identified in Sri Lanka. Here, the main research problem was to examine the feng-shui elements which have impacted to Sri Lankan culture. The main research method was drawing sources from books and periodicals. In addition, information was collected through the Internet and interviews with specialists in this field. Symbols and other related objects were observed directly. Many Feng-Shui symbols were found in Sri Lankan culture: The Laughing Buddha, Golden Frog, Rings, Dragon tortoise, Paddy pot, Sandriyana plant and Salt container. Various animal symbols represent the different directions in Feng-Shui art. For example, North-rat, South-horse, West-fowl, East-rabbit. The purpose of using these symbols for Sri Lankans is having healthy lives, gaining wealth, gaining employment etc. As such, this study argues that many elements of Feng-Shui art are in operation in Sri Lankan culture.Item A Comparative Study of Hindi and Sinhala Idioms: With Reference to Selected Idioms in Connection with Human Body Parts(Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Gunarathne, M.C.Idioms plays an inseparable role in Hindi and Sinhala languages which are belong to Indo- Aryan language family. In these two languages there are various idioms which indicate human body parts with related to their own culture. The purpose of this study is to examine how body parts have been used in Hindi and Sinhala idioms. Dictionaries of idioms have been used as primary resource. Books and magazines related to Sinhala and Hindi literature have been used as secondary resource. This paper indicates that there are some idioms which have been based on the same human body part as well as in some causes different body parts have been used to convey the same meaning. This paper highlights that there are more Hindi Idioms which are based on human body parts rather than in Sinhala. It also highlights that some idioms based on body parts such as ‘mɑ̃g bhərnɑː’ (married woman) are difficult to understand without knowing the cultural background of the language. Another finding of this research is that there are more Hindi idioms on body parts which conveys more than one meaning but in Sinhala language it is hard to find such causes. The above mentioned findings of this paper help us to understand Hindi and Sinhala idioms based on body parts according to the cultural background of its’ own.Item The strategies used by the translators to depict the French cultural aspects into Sinhala(Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, 2015) Ekanayake, E.M.V.R.S.A variety of languages with different cultures has created a great demand for the translation in the current diversified society. Translation, according to Marianne Lederer, is a process of reading, understanding of a source language text and rewriting it in a target language. We create a similar situation in foreign language. Therefore, the translation plays an important role on crossing through different cultures and communication. Thus, the translators are always in the risk of finding the terms for their translations as they have to fully comprehend the idea and the environment of the source text. There are idioms, colloquial terms, borrowings, special terminologies in the domain and cultural expressions which make the task of a translator more complicate. This paper provides an insight to the strategies used by the Sinahala translators, who translate directly from French, to portray the source French culture in Sinahala. Encompassing the theory of source oriented or target oriented by Jean-Rene Ladmiral, it explicates the methods of two Sinhala translators who have translated the novel : L‘etranger by a great French novelist Albert Camus. To be more specific on the methodology, which is a descriptive analysis, the author depicts how these translators have presented the French cultural aspects which include the behavior, courtship, morals, customs, clothing, institutions, and beliefs etc. in their Sinhala translation. Having acknowledged the content of the translations, and vividly analyzing the strategies, it is evident that each translator has his own method of presenting the cultural aspects. One can use transcoding process not only focusing on the language but also on the cultural transposition. Thus, he can either contemplate on the reader of the target text or source text. Moreover, he can develop his own adaptation.