International Postgraduate Research Conference (IPRC)
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Item Using International Norms to Understand the Responsibility to Protect and Humanitarian Intervention: Case studies from Kenya and Libya(In: Proceedings of the International Postgraduate Research Conference 2017 (IPRC – 2017), Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Fernando, H.S.G.The norm Responsibility to Protect (RtoP) has gained greater awareness and attention in the field of international relations due to humanitarian interventions, human rights violations, massive genocide and ethnic cleansing. The International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty coined the doctrine of Responsibility to Protect and it was further strengthened by the world summit in 2005. At present, Responsibility to Protect has explored the ways in which transforming the negatively perceived concept of right to intervene into a responsibility to react. The main objective of this study is to examine whether the nature of humanitarian intervention is replaced by the concept of responsibility to protect and whether the fulfillment of the three pillars of responsibility to protect functions properly. Furthermore the main objective was classified into several objectives examining the involvement of United Nations in responsibility to protect norm and the practice of responsibility to protect in contemporary world order. The study has been primarily conducted using secondary data and the study is a qualitative data analysis. Secondary data has been collected through books, journal articles, reports and academic publications. Two hypotheses have been constructed to examine the main purpose of the study; whether responsibility to protect norm is indirectly enhancing humanitarian intervention and whether the three pillars of responsibility to protect are fulfilled in contemporary world. Kenya and Libya have been selected as the case studies of the study. The findings of the study stipulates that humanitarian intervention has not been replaced by the establishment of responsibility to protect norm, but it functions under the limits of responsibility to protect due to international community assumes humanitarian intervention as a moral duty as long as it has no legal norm. Moreover, according to Kenya case the conflict situation was controlled through the second pillar in which the international community has the responsibility to assist the states in meeting the responsibility. The case of Libya has attracted severe criticisms in defining the RtoP. The involvement of United Nations on RtoP in contemporary world has also attracted successes and failures while practices of RtoP should be more transparent.Item The Role of the United Nations & Major Powers in Recognition of Kosovo(In: Proceedings of the International Postgraduate Research Conference 2017 (IPRC – 2017), Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Perera, M.S.T.There are a number of issues with regard to statehood in the contemporary international system. Although the recognition of states is a legal issue associated with international law, at present, it has become a political issue in the world. According to the international law, there are traditional and modern criteria to be satisfied in order to be considered as a state. In contrary, major powers in the international system together with the United Nations play a significant role in giving recognition to states. The United Nations and major powers such as the US and Russia are not willing to accept Kosovo as an independent state in the international system. The main objective of this study is to identifythe reasons for the United Nations and Major Powers‘ reluctance to bestow recognition to Kosovo. In addition to that, the provisions in the international law in state recognition will be examined together with the role of the UN in giving recognition to states. This research is a qualitative research based on secondary data. The data analysis procedure is done through the case study method and the case of Kosovo which is not fully recognized as an independent state is used in the study. Finally after analyzing the case it is evident that Kosovo did not fully satisfy the international law provisions regarding the statehood criteria while Russia, China and Serbia strongly opposed granting recognition to Kosovo. According to the findings, all these entities are reluctant to grant recognition to Kosovo due to power politics. Russia is against Kosovo statehood as Russia considers itself as a regulator in the international arena showing its power to Ukraine and Western countries. To show its growing power, Russia uses the Serbian and Kosovo issue pretending that they are keen on Serbian interests while actually trying to protect its own position in the world. Likewise this paper pays attention mainly to the issue in Kosovo and the reasons for non-recognition of Kosovo.Item A Study of South Indian Influences on the Politics in Sri Lanka During the Post Conflict Period (2009-2015)(Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Priyadarshani, H.E.N.; Samarawickrama, R.While an important place belongs to the relationships of Indo-Lanka since the past, the tendency, which can be seen currently, is the interference of South India alias Tamilnadu to the Sri Lanka politics after the war. The activities of several political parties especially in Tamilnadu, have made an influence for this situation. According to that making influences by South India to the decision of the central government in the Human Right Session of the United Nations, poser of fishermen of Lanka, attacks to the Sri Lankan pilgrims in India are some of the incidents, which take prominent place and because of these situations, brain-teasers have risen in the Sri Lankan politics. Therefore, this research is worthy and timely important in subjective wise. This study aimed to answer why the south Indian factor affects strongly towards the politics in Sri Lanka during the post conflict Period. This study study the south Indian interference results towards the ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka and study the Indo-Lanka relationship in association with the foreign policies. As the methodology of this survey, the secondary data were utilized and the limitations of the survey had to study since 2009 to 2014. Results and conclusions of this study, Indo-Lanka relationship takes a strong place and situated location of Sri Lanka in South Asia is also considered as a significant matter. Since the origin of the Tamils, who live in Sri Lanka occurred inside India, especially South India acts by introducing a part of the Tamil, who lives in North as a component of their own. And the politics in Tamilnadu stands as the representatives of the Sri Lankan Tamil based on the doubt of occurring unjust from the Sinhalese Nationals in Sri Lanka for the Tamils in the North and the incidents, which happened in the past. Under these circumstances, it can be indicated that Indian interference to the Sri Lankan politics is becoming strongly.