International Postgraduate Research Conference (IPRC)

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    Assessment of the Heavy Metals in Rice Grains Grown in Paddy Soil in CKDu Endemic Area in Eppawala, Anuradhapura
    (International Postgraduate Research Conference 2019, Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2019) Perera, W.P.R.T.; Dissanayake, D.M.U.C.; Kannangara, A.T.; Liyanage, J.A.
    Global public health attention is being focused on Chronic kidney disease due to significant prevalence and the enormous cost of the treatment process. It was revealed that longterm consumption of bioavailable metals in grains causes CKD in humans. Therefore, the present study was planned to assess the levels of heavy metals in rice grains grown in paddy soil in CKDu endemic area in Eppawala, Anuradhapura. The soil samples (n=30) were collected from paddy fields in Eppawala GN division. Rice plants with rice grains (n=30) were also collected from the same fields. Collected samples (soil, rice roots and rice grains) were digested using the microwave digester (MDS-6G). Concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb) of the paddy soil, rice roots and ride grain samples were analyzed by ICP-MS (Agilent 7800). Based on the analyzed concentrations, Geo acumination indices were calculated to evaluate the heavy metal contamination conditions in the agricultural soil.The results indicated that the average concentrations of Cr, Cd, As and Pb in soil were 49.918 mg/kg, 0.107 mg/kg 5.033 mg/kg and 9.882 mg/kg respectively and they were 1.709 mg/kg, 0.027 mg/kg, 0.217 mg/kg, 0.566 mg/kg respectively in roots. Nevertheless, the lowest levels of metals were observed from rice grains (Cr, Cd, As and Pb were recorded as 0.342 mg/kg, 0.011 mg/kg, 0.035 mg/kg, 0.112 mg/kg respectively). According to the Igeo calculations, agricultural paddy soil in the Eppawala area has been moderately contaminated with Pb, As, Zn, and Cu. (Class 2). Nevertheless, Cd and Cr levels were between near to moderate contamination level. (Class 1). Although the levels of metals in rice grains were low, long term consumption of metal contaminated rice may contribute to chronic failure.
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    Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Negombo Lagoon and Achchankulam Estuary in Mannar District.
    (In: Proceedings of the International Postgraduate Research Conference 2017 (IPRC – 2017), Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Handagiripathira, H. M. N. L.; Deeyamulla, M. P.; Chandrajith, R. L. R.
    Coastal water bodies such as lagoons and estuaries receive various types of pollutants due to anthropogenic influences resulted from rapid economic growth and urbanization. During the last decays, heavy metal contamination in aquatic systems has become one of the major problems due to its toxicity, durability and special depositional properties. Therefore, main objective was to study the concentrations of heavy metals to understand the levels of contamination in the water bodies of lagoon and estuaries situated in urbanized and industrialized areas of Sri Lanka. As such selected study sites were Negombo lagoon situated in Gampaha district and Achchankulam estuary situated in Mannar district. Water samples were collected in the wet season of 2015. The elemental concentrations of V, Mn, Fe, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb were measured in the 32 samples collected from Negombo lagoon and 10 samples from Achchankulam estuary using ICP-MS technique. In-situ measurements for the physico-chemical parameters of pH, conductivity, salinity and TDS were measured using a portable meter. The averaged metal concentrations obtained for 2 study sites were compared. All most all were remarkably high in the Achchankulam estuary except the V, Mn and Cu. The averaged Co, Ni and Zn showed 50% higher concentrations in Achchankulam than the Negombo. The As and Pb averaged concentrations were 75% higher and averaged Cd concentration was significantly higher as 216% in the estuary than the lagoon. The assessed Cr concentrations in both sites have exceeded the threshold level, 50.00 ppb; according to the proposed Ambient water quality standards for inland waters (Central Environmental Authority, 2001). Furthermore, this assessment showed that the averaged Cd concentration in the Achchankulam estuary extremely exceeded the threshold level, 5.00 ppb. The fresh water inputs of the lagoon is received from Attanagalu Oya and industrial zone in Ekala while estuary is receiving that from the second longest Malwathu Oya, which passes through 164 km of the agricultural farming lands to reach the coast of Mannar from Anuradhapura. So it may be possible that high Cd, As and Pb levels in the estuary may be a consequence of the higher utilization of fertilizer and agrochemicals which contain heavy metals as impurities, than other areas in Sri Lanka.