International Postgraduate Research Conference (IPRC)

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    Evaluation of the Survival of Dendrobium crumenatum Swartz. Pollen Stored at Different Temperatures
    (International Postgraduate Research Conference 2019, Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2019) Silva, W.E.R.; Attanayake, R.; Ratnayake, S.; Senanayake, S.P.
    Dendrobiums have a high demand in the Sri Lankan floriculture industry as cut flowers and potted plants. Most Dendrobium cultivars found in the Sri Lankan market are imported from countries like Thailand, Singapore and Malaysia. Development of new cultivars and commercial cultivation of orchids has become a billion-dollar profitable industry in the world. In order to uplift the local orchid industry, cultivars with Sri Lankan identity should be developed. As Sri Lankan Dendrobiums have high floral diversity with economically important characters like fragrance, patterns and shapes, such characters could be introduced to the popular cultivars through breeding programs. Pollinia of these species and cultivars may not be always available throughout the year. Therefore, a suitable pollen storage method that maintains pollen viability and germinability, should be developed. The objective of this study was to develop a pollen preservation technique for Dendrobium crumenatum (E: Pigeon orchid, S: Sudu pareyi mal) by storing at different temperatures in order to use them in breeding programs. Pollen were collected into 0.2 mL tubes from fully opened fresh flowers at the onset of the anthesis around 7.00 – 8.00 am in July 2019. A set of pollen was dried in silica for 24 hours before storage and the other set was directly stored at -80 °C, -20 °C, -1 °C, 9 °C and 28 °C temperatures. Cryopreservation of pollen at -80 °C and -20 °C were also conducted in modified Murashige and Skoog medium (pH 5.7). Treatments were performed in triplicates. Samples of stored pollen were removed after 1, 3, 7, 14, 30 and 60 days and in vitro germinability and viability were tested in 10% sucrose and 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) respectively. To confirm pollen viability and germinability, pollen of D. crumenatum stored at 9 °C were used in controlled cross pollination with Dendrobium ‘Pink Stripe,’ Dendrobium ‘Sonia Red’ and Dendrobium ‘Pink New Splash’. D. crumenatum had 54.97±12.22 % germinability and 76.0±4.58 % viability prior to storage. Pollen stored at subzero temperatures or subjected to cryopreservation lost viability and germinability. Pollen stored at 9 °C without drying, were viable for 14 days and produced pollen tubes (8.63±0.71 %). Although, percent in vitro germination of D. crumenatum pollen reduced to less than 20% after 7 days of storage (19.57±6.55 %) at 9 °C, pollination of stored pollen resulted in fruit set in Dendrobium ‘Pink Stripe,’ and Dendrobium ‘Pink New Splash’. This study found that seasonally flowering D. crumenatum pollen can be stored for short periods at 9 °C while maintaining their viability and germinability and can be used for cross pollination in breeding programs. However, subzero temperatures and cryopreservation may not be appropriate for storage of D. crumenatum pollen
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    A Retrospective Study on Perinatal Post Mortems
    (Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Liyanage, S.K.; Mahendra, G.; Ratnayake, S.; Hewavisenthi, J.
    A detailed post mortem examination is the key to the recognition of pathologies related to perinatal deaths. Post mortem findings assist the clinical team in confirming their clinical and radiological findings and the family for future pregnancy planning. However, this facility is still underutilized in Sri Lanka. Furthermore, examination of the placentas is an important aspect in recognizing the cause of perinatal death. The department of pathology, faculty of medicine, University of Kelaniya provides the perinatal pathology service to the Obstetrics and Gynaecology unit and the neonatal unit of the Teaching Hospital Ragama. This study was carried out in view of improving and expanding the perinatal pathology service provided by the department. Objectives were (1). To identify the number of perinatal post mortems (PPMs) reported over a period of six years. (2). To identify the number of PPMs that showed multiple congenital anomalies (3). To identify the number of PPMs accompanied by a placenta and the number of placentas with identifiable pathology. This was a retrospective study on already reported PPMs in the Department of Pathology, Faculty of medicine, University of Kelaniya, From January 2011 to August 2016. The PPM databases maintained in the department were used to extract data. A total of 118 PPMs were reported (2011-17, 2012-16, 2013- 17, 2014-21, 2015-31, 2016-16). 65 % (75/118) were premature deliveries. 56% (67/118) were performed following intrauterine deaths. 14 % (16/118) of PPMs showed multiple congenital anomalies. Placentas ware submitted for examination in 31 PPMs (31/118) and clinically significant placental pathologies were noted in 7/31 placentas (23%). 76/118 (64%) showed no gross abnormality in the fetus/baby and placenta was not available for examination in 72% (55/76). Major congenital anomalies were detected in 14% of PPMs. In majority of the PPMs, the placenta was not available for examination, therefore cannot exclude the possibility of placental pathology which might have led to the death.