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Item A study on selected biometrics and central obesity indices among(Book of Abstracts, Annual Research Symposium 2014, 2014) Manuha, M.I.; Nageeb, B.M.; Iqbal, N.Z.; Paranagama, P.A.The study was to analyze the relationship between body mass index (BMI) of overweight/obesity adult women with central obesity indices such as waist circumference (WC), Hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) with lipid profile such as total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Percentage of overall abnormal lipid levels and low haemoglobin level in overweight and obese were also analyzed. Female adults with overweight (BMI between 25 -30 Kg/m2 or obese (BMI over 30 Kg/m2) and the ages ranged between 18- 60 years were included in this study. The subject studied constituted a convenience sample of 121 representing different socio-economic status. Measurements; Body weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, blood pressure, pulse, lipid profile with TC, HDL, TG, LDL and Hb percentage were investigated. The results showed that 63.6% with high LDL-C, 59.1 % with high TC, 18.2 % with high TG and 43.2% with low HDL-C. Haemoglobin levels of the participants were 47.9% and it is below the range of cut off value given by WHO. Correlation between BMI and WC, HC, WHR was analyzed separately. According to the results obtained BMI showed a strong positive correlation with WC and HC, n (121) =0.8, p < 0.01 and n(121) = 0.838, p < 0.01 respectively. Analysis of correlation between WC with HC and WHR indicated strong positive correlation, n (121) =0.809, p < 0.01 and n (121) = 0.442 respectively. TC and LDL were strongly positively correlated, n (121) =0.895 p < 0.01, but the HDL was inversely associated with TG and LDL P = -0.072, P = -0.184 respectively. TG was inversely associated with LDL-C (P= - 0.072).Concurrently, the abnormally highest mean of WC 105.4 � 11.7cm and the highest mean of waist to hip ratio 0.97 �0.05 also found. In the present study the results revealed that more than half of overweight and obese adult women had abnormal lipid levels and nearly half of overweight and obese adult women had low hemoglobin concentration. The present study revealed a higher percentage of body fat across a range of waist circumference values. The mean waist circumference, hip circumference and waist to hip ratio were significantly higher than the cut off points reported by WHO (2008).Item A new bioactive curvularin macrolide from an endolichenic fungus, Curvularia trifolii, isolated from Usnea sp., in Sri Lanka(Book of Abstracts, Annual Research Symposium 2014, 2014) Samanthi, K.A.U.; Wickramaarachchi, S.; Wijeratne, E.M.; Paranagama, P.A.The search for new bioactive natural products is still the main way of discovering new drug leads. Although fungi are well-known producers of secondary metabolites with new structurally diverse bioactive compounds, isolation of bioactive compounds from endolichenic fungi still remain underexplored as potential source of natural products. Endolichenic fungi are microorganisms living in the thalli of lichens that are analogous to the plant endophytic fungi inhabiting the intercellular spaces of the host. Curvularia trifolii was isolated from the lichen, Usnea sp., available in Hakgala botanical garden, Sri Lanka. Identification of the fungus was confirmed using morphological characters followed by the molecular identification (DNA sequencing). Invitro large scale cultures of C.trifolii were prepared in 60 large Petri dishes containing potato dextrose agar medium and after 10 days secondary metabolites were extracted into ethyl acetate. The crude extract was tested using two types of bio assays, for the investigation of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Antioxidant activity of the crude ethyl acetate extract was explored by carrying out DPPH free radical scavenging assay and Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using Human Red Blood Cell Membrane Stability (HRBC) assay. Since the crude extract showed high activity in both the assays, it was partitioned into hexane, chloroform (CHCl3) and 60% aq.MeOH and identified the bioactive fractions. The activity of CHCl3 fraction was confirmed and it was further fractionated using bioassay guided column chromatography (silica, sephadex) and preparative TLC to isolate pure compounds. One florescent active pure bioactive compound (C23H30O6) was isolated from the CHCl3 fraction and identified as using 1D, 2D NMR, MS, IR and UV spectral data. The structure of new compound was thus established as 5-methoxy-4,8,15-trimethyl-3,7-dioxo-1,3,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,15?-dodecahydrocyclododeca[de]isochromene-15-carboxylic acid and the bioassay results revealed that it is a new curvularin macrolide with IC50 values, 68.6�4.3 ?g/mL and 310�48.2 ?g/mL for DPPH antioxidant assay and anti-inflammatory assay respectively. Hence it is revealed that derivative isolated from C. trifolii can be developed as an important antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drug.