National Conference of Undergraduates on Environment and Development (NCUED)
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Item Identify the successfulness of poverty reduction strategies in Kegalle District(Department of Geography, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Samaraweera, S.W.I.U; Rathnasekara, S.R.L.SPoverty is one of the most multifaceted problems in the world. The poverty rate in Sri Lanka has decreased from 28.8% in 1995/96 to 6.7% in 2012/2013. But based on the data of the 2012 census of population and housing in Sri Lanka and the household income and expenditure survey 2012/2013, the poverty map complied by the department of census and statistics and the world bank’s global poverty practices team highlight the geographical disparities between the poverty rates at the district and divisional secretarial levels shows. The poverty of Sri Lanka at regional levels is still a problem although Sri Lanka has long been implementing poverty reduction strategies. Therefore, this study was conducted to study the successfulness of the strategies adopted by the regional government to reduce poverty. The area of this study was the Mawanella divisional secretariat of the Kegalle district because this area represents the highest poverty reduction programme implemented. Hence to achieve the target, 60 households were selected through simple random sampling method. This research has used questionnaires and interviews to collect the primary data under the method of surveying and also secondary data have been collected by using central bank records, journals, books, area maps, articles, divisional secretariat data and area resources profile. Descriptive analysis and qualitative data analysis have used for data analysis. Table, charts and has used to represent data and maps were created by using geographical information system software. The finding of this research was the poverty reduction progrmme was affective in getting control poverty average level in this area. Promoting income generating sources, controlling high consumer spending, introducing saving and reduction unemployment, encouraging small and medium scale entrepreneurs, solid waste management, modernization of agriculture and non- agriculture sectors are the main programme to help the control poverty on the above level.Item Poverty and Drug usage; Comparative analysis of poverty and Drug usage(Department of Geography, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Primali, J.N; Rathnasekara, S.R.L.SThe calamity of drugs is one of the greatest threats in Sri Lanka at present. The total number of drug related arrests were 81,156 in 2017. Compared with 2016, drug related arrests have increased by 2% in 2017. Out of the total drug related arrests, 36% were for heroin and 63.8% were for cannabis. Most of the drug related arrests have been reported from the western province (61%), followed by the southern province (9%) and the central province (8%). The prevalence of drug related arrests was 506 per 100,000 population aged between 15-64 in 2017. Thus, the rapid growth of the number of persons who were addicted to drugs is a tragic situation in Sri Lanka. The main objective was to identify the connection between drug use and poverty. The “Nawa Diganthaya” rehabilitation center in Nittabuwa and the “Seth Sevana” rehabilitation center in Colombo were used as source places to collect data. Quantitative data was collected by providing questionnaires to 50 persons who were addicted to drugs. Case studies and interviews were done to collect qualitative data. Secondary data collection was based on survey reports, books and institutional sources. Moreover, the principles of statistics and Excel were used to analyze the data. According to the major findings of the research, the majority of persons have used a considerable amount from their salary to use drugs and due to that, the family economy has been diminished. The usage of drugs has not been decreased even though the prices were increased. In such circumstances, the main findings of this research are that drug addiction is the major cause of poverty.Item Study on socio-economic factors affecting urban child malnutrition on Kollonnawa.(Department of Geography, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Perera, U.U.K.S.R; Rathnasekara, S.R.L.SMalnutrition is a universal issue holding back development with unacceptable human consequences. Background as in many other Asian countries, Sri Lanka is in the phase of a rapid demographic, Nutritional and epidemiological nutritional transition occurring with socioeconomic development and urbanization. The effect of malnutrition is globally recognized as being devastating and far-reaching. Malnutrition in Sri Lanka takes many forms and is widespread. While the national prevalence of stunting dropped dramatically over the decades, progress has stalled in recent years and wasting is at the level of a major public health issue. The main objective of this study is to identify the socio-economic factors affect urban child malnutrition in Sedawatta GND. This research is a mix method research. Hence to achieve the target, 50 households were selected through simple random sampling method. The structured questionnaire has been used to collect the primary data as well as journals, books, articles, research papers, organizations reports that have been selected to the secondary data. Both primary and secondary data have been analysed under descriptive statistical methods and results have been illustrated by graphs and tables. This study reveals that the main reasons for urban child malnutrition are low income, unemployment, illiterate, early marriages, less access for health and sanitation and less attention to the nutrition status of children in households. According to the researcher, empowerment of households organized awareness programs to make an attitude change of dietary habits are the main suggestion for eradicating urban child malnutrition.Item Impact of social-economic factors on secondary education performance of school children(Department of Geography, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Rajapaksha., L.; Rathnasekara, S.R.L.SHuman development has an important place in the subject of developmental sociology. Among them, education is a significant factor. A school is a gathering place for children of different ages. According to age levels, education is provided in three categories. The secondary education section occupies a special place. variations there are many shows in the level of achievement of children in secondary education. The family's objective of this study how economic and social status on the student’s achievement level. The Akurassa and Diganahena GND belonging to the Akurassa Divisional secretariat in the Mathara District is the study area of this study. 40 families with students who are pursuing secondary education Divisional been selected through the non-random sampling method to collect data. Both Primary and secondary data between them data collection and observational level were used for primary data collection. Unpublished dissertations, books, magazines, and the internet were used to get secondary data. SPSS and Microsoft Excel Software used to analyzed data and tables graphs used to present my Findings. Moreover the result of the study that income among the economic factor affects the secondary education of the children. Furthermore depicts that among social factors number of members in the family, education level of the parents, drug addiction of the head of the economic abroad working of parents and domestic violence can be affected by the secondary education of a child. However the fact that parent’s occupation does not affect the level of education.Thus. Providing support to children in lower educational levels due to family financial difficulties and increasing the economic level of their household, can be positive among wards the upliftment of education for the child.Item Affect the immigrant fluctuation for community livelihood in tourism destination area: A case study on Kandy District(Department of Geography, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Maduwanthi, R.M.U.I.; Rathnasekara, S.R.L.STourism is one of the fastest-growing industries in the world today. The attractiveness, climate, topography, soil, infrastructure and other amenities of a given geographical unit make the place an attractive destination. Due to these factors, the tourism industry which is established in a particular area will affect many sectors including economic, environmental, social, and political. It can be seen that the variation of tourist immigration in the destination area has also affected its livelihood. The problem of this research is to identify the community livelihood changes in tourism destination areas due to the reason of immigrant fluctuation. The approach of this research is an economic geography approach based on the human geographic view. Both primary and secondary data were used in the study. Questionnaires and interview techniques used under the survey method and also observation methods have been used to collect primary data. Accordingly, 10 sample producers, 10 marketers and 10 tourism service providers in the Gangawatakorale Divisional Secretariat and Kalapuraya Grama Niladhari Division in the Kandy District were selected as the sample. Descriptive analysis methods were used for getting the result. The finding of this research was the decline period of tourist immigration has highly contributed to the deterioration of the economic and social status of the people in the destination area. The main affecting factor was the high loan pressure of the community in the destination area.Item Challenges of urban expansion in Nawalapitiya urban council area(Department of Geography, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Senarathne, M.G.N.K.; Rathnasekara, S.R.L.SThe rapid expansion of urban areas is one of the major challenges facing Sri Lanka at present. These urban expansions are often without proper regulation Can be defined as urban extensions. Sri Lanka's cities are rapidly expanding, with suburbs and rural areas now swirling near cities. Therefore, it is imperative to study the current urbanization nature and future trends and challenges of Sri Lanka. The objective is to identify the challenges of urban expansion on the Nawalapitiya urban council area. The study was based on the Nawalapitiya Municipal Council area in the Kandy District to clearly visualize the urban core peripheral areas. Data analysis was carried out based on the information gathered in the area for ten years. Primary data and secondary data were used to study the change in geographical information system as time-to-space use, under primary data analysis Residents of the town, shop owners through a questionnaire proposal Data were obtained by randomly selecting 25 people. Interviews with people involved in the urban development process, the UDA data, national physical plan, urban development plan, maps, etc. as secondary data were used for the study. Expansion of the urban landscape into environmentally sensitive areas and creating several urbanization problems, Disturbing the beauty of the area urban eruption has taken place. Disaster risks are created through the creation of environmental problems, Rapid changes in land use were identified as challenges to urban expansion. Nawalapitiya is located in an environmentally sensitive region, based on the National Physical Plan, it has been identified as a conservation area which should limit the expansion of future developments. Optimal use of existing infrastructure, implement appropriate development plans based on the resource identifier of the city's unused potential, Awareness of city dwellers on city development strategies, Awareness of persons and officials involved in development activities can lead to optimal urban expansion.Item Impact of water pollution on human ecology in the Kelani river(Department of Geography, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Disanayaka, D.M.I.K.K.; Rathnasekara, S.R.L.SWater pollution is one of the main topics of the urban environment in Colombo, Sri Lanka's capital. The city of Colombo is Sri Lanka's most densely populated area and the population of the Kelani River is very high. The main purpose of this study is to identify the impact of directly changing the environment on human beings. For this study, the area from the Peliyagoda Bridge to the estuary of the Kelani River is selected and 25 water samples from this zone are to be examined. The tests to be performed are the three parameters of water valence (pH), biochemical oxygen demand(BOD), and dissolve oxygen (DO). Primary data and secondary data will be used for this research. Primary data will be used for this purpose through water sample collection, interviews and field observations. Secondary data is also expected to be used in books, journals, research, reports, etc. The new ArcGIS 10.2 software will be used primarily to analyze the data collected, with the main focus being its interpolation methodology (IDW), which will be used also (BUFFER, CLIP) to the main methodology. The results of the above research will be analyzed using Microsoft Excel. The people of this area are suffering from various health problems due to water pollution. The soil of the paddy fields in the river has also been acidified. The human ecological approach to physical geography was used to conduct this research.Item Community-based issues on unauthorized residents in the Coastal conservation area; Case study on Munnakkaraya costal area(Department of Geography, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Wickramananda, R.P.K.N; Rathnasekara, S.R.L.SUrbanization has become a major trend in developing countries. People migrate to metropolitan areas as a result of that population density is increasing gradually. Especially in the coastal line. The coastal conservation area is important to protect all human and natural ecology. Sri Lanka declares the coastal conservation area under the act of 1981 no.57 and more than 1500km. The contemporary issue of the coastal conservation area in Sri Lanka is Unauthorized Residents. The replacing programme of this community was not a success due to the reasons for issues of their residence. The problem of this research to identify the issues of unauthorized people in the Negombo lagoon. Munnakkaraya- North GND of the Negombo Divisional Secretariat. A set of questionnaires and observations were used to collect primary data and secondary data sources such as Negombo District Secretariat Office, Gampaha Land Use and Planning Department and Department of Coast Conservation and Management. Quantitative and qualitative data were used and a descriptive analysis method has been used to analyze data and information. It is mainly used MS Excel software to analyze calculations and Arc. GIS 10.7 software used for spatial analysis. The results can be identifying poverty, land issues, drugs, lack of infrastructure facilities, unemployment and sanitation issues as the high impact factors for this community.Item A study of how floods affect urban land use based on Akurana urban area(Department of Geography, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2020) Kumara, K.G.R.N; Rathnasekara, S.R.L.SFlood is the most affecting natural disaster in Sri Lanka among the natural effects of seasonality. Therefore, in the face of the rapid urbanization in Sri Lanka, floods can be identified as a major disaster situation. The main objective of this study was to identify the urban land use pattern for flood effect. Akurana town which is located in Akurana divisional secretary division in Kandy district is the area which was selected as the study area of this case.Piga Oya, one of the main branches of the Mahaweli river flows through the Akurana town. Because of the river overflows several times per year, the day to day activities and economical activities of people who lives in Akurana urban area are collapsed in those periods. And also it stops completely the transportation in A9 road at that period. So Akurana, Waragashinna, and Kurudugahaela areas also should include as affected areas. Collected data using 30 residences and businesses in these four Grama Niladari Divisions as samples by giving questionnaires using random samples method. Interviews have done with Grama Niladhari and disaster management officers. Secondary sources ware books, magazines, newspapers, annual reports related to this case and the internet to collect data. These data were then revised, coded, and sorted. Then analyzed and mapped in quantitative and qualitative methodology to detailed and simple statistical methods. Microsoft Office Excel, Geographic Information System was used. The main finding of this research was exposure to the soil and erosion of the soil due to constructions of both sides of the area, erosion of river banks due to irregular land use, clearing of forests in upper mountain areas and reclamation of banks of Piga oya, irregular construction of bridges, releasing the garbage to the river are the reasons for block of the river. Basically, because of the variabilities of urban land use, this situation has improved. So when the overflowing the river with the rain the Akurana town is flooding about 5-8 feet. The Muslim people who live in this area are don’t follow any rule imposed by the government. Therefore, irregular land uses are high in this area.