Junior Research Symposia
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Item Power of Hallyu: Change in Sri Lankan Perception towards South Korea(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Fernando, A.“Hallyu” or the Korean Wave refers to the surge in the international visibility of Korean culture, beginning in East Asia in the 1990s and continuing more recently in Asia, the United States, Latin America, the Middle East, and parts of Europe. Korean popular culture ranges from Korean music (K-pop), dramas (K-drama), movies, video games, food, fashion, tourism, and language (Hangul). Until recent times, images and information about South Korea were not familiar to Sri Lankans as Sri Lanka does not share any significant historical or cultural relations with South Korea. Images associated with South Korea are generally negative and related to events such as the Korean War, cycles of poverty and political instability. The main focus of this paper is to examine the effect of Hallyu on the Sri Lankan public perception towards South Korea. It will compare and contrast the attitudes of consumers and non-consumers of Korean popular culture on the subject of their feelings towards South Korea and Korean society. This Study uses qualitative data obtained through interviews from the selected samples regarding their thoughts related to Hallyu, K-pop, Korean culture, wider issues related to society, culture, and attitude towards South Korea. This paper will attempt to answer whether Hallyu has been capable of influencing Sri Lankan audiences through dissemination of attractive images of Korea. The findings conclude that the constant consumption of Korean popular cultural products has indeed affected the image Sri Lankans have towards South Korea in a positive way, by improving their knowledge and perception of South Korea. It also has also urged the consumers to travel to South Korea, learn the language and build social networks with the Koreans. The importance of this study rests on the power of popular culture to influence an individual's attitudesItem International Humanitarian Law in Civil Wars: A Case Study on Sri Lanka(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Gabadage, D.S.S.The ideology of “war” is a realm that we experience since the very beginning of our civilization. It has developed for years by taking into account the needs, interests, developments and changing behaviours of people. However, the war is widely construed as intrinsically evil. And in contrast, war is an inevitable scenario of the international system. But with the changing interests of humans and states, the nature of wars differs from international armed conflicts to non-international armed conflicts. Therefore in order to regulate the occurrence and certain conducts during a war, the international community has established a system of legal regulations called international humanitarian law covering major areas of war from the beginning until the end. This study is based on how the international humanitarian law is applicable in the context of the civil war in Sri Lankan. This aims to give a descriptive and broad conception of international humanitarian law, its branches and its applicability in internal armed conflicts. Primarily in the context of civil wars. And also, this study discusses the major allegations of war crimes regarding the civil war in Sri Lanka and evaluates the applicability of the above humanitarian regulations giving special reference to conventions adopted by Sri Lanka. This qualitative study is primarily based on information collected from reports, journal articles, news items and other collections of surveys done by international organizations, non-governmental organizations and other State bodies. Thus, this study intends to bridge the gap between theoretical and practical aspects of international humanitarian law focusing on the civil war issues in Sri LankaItem China's String of Pearls Strategy and Sri Lankan Economy after 2009(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Wageesha, K.K.G.L.China and Sri Lanka have extensive historical links, initially religious and cultural, and later also economic. The strategic location of Sri Lanka, between key shipping lanes and so-called ‘String of Pearls Strategy’, have significantly enhanced the two countries’ economic relations in recent years. By examining the state of those relations in two comparative contexts: brief explanations of String of Pearls Strategy’, the Strategical importance of Sri Lanka and the effects of China’s String of Pearls Strategy. The results highlight a number of findings. First, get to know about the String of Pearls Strategy and what kind of changes China did in the Indian Ocean Region. China creates a network on the military, commercial facilities among Indian Ocean Region nations to success their economic ambitions through the Indian Ocean Region nations. Second, Sri Lanka is very significant for the Indian Ocean Region and resourcefully importance of Sri Lanka to Chinese investors and their exports. Also, Sri Lanka becomes a hub of Indian Ocean, because of maritime silk route located near Sri Lankan sea. In that case, Colombo and Trincomalee had a significant role to play in the naval routs. Third, analyze the trade, investment and tourism relations with China. After 2009, China has been the top of Foreign Direct Investments donor and lender to Sri Lanka in recent years, the Foreign Direct Investments brings on impact to the Sri Lankan Economy after 2009 and China attract more investments, grants, and loans to Sri Lanka to develop the Sri Lankan economy. As these economic help Sri Lanka trap a debt crisis. Also, within these relations what kind of threats and opportunities can be faced as a country like Sri Lanka will be discussed. In this research try to identify the contribution of String of Pearls Strategy to Sri Lanka economy after the civil war of Sri LankaItem Sri Lankan Female Domestic Workers in Middle East: Issues, Challenges and Way Forward(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Nadeesha Hashani, D.The movement of women as domestic workers is a disputable issue in Sri Lanka. Every year, over a million women migrate for employment, the majority of these migrants are domestic workers. Sri Lanka is known as one of the largest labour exporting countries in South Asia at present and the majority of labour migrants are women who migrate as domestic workers to the Middle East. According to reports, recent interviews and statements given by women who have worked in the Middle East as domestic workers are struggling with many issues. The main objective of this research is, to identify the problems faced by Sri Lankan women housemaids in the Middle East. And also suggest appropriate policy recommendations. Specific objectives are to identify the factors that affect or those issues, to make aware people about the issues facing women domestic workers in the Middle East. Primary and secondary data will be used in this research. Primary data will be collected through interviews and questioner filled by the victims who have experience in this situation. Secondary data collected through academic journals, books and other web-based academic publications which have been published relevant to this study. The qualitative methodology will be used to analyze these data. This study will be limited to the Middle East because most of the Sri Lankan women are working in the Middle East. This research is timely significant to Sri Lanka because in the one hand this kind of situations is badly affected to the bilateral relationships with Middle East countries. Therefore, not only this research significant and valid but also timelyItem Economic Potential of Sri Lanka as a Business Hub in the Indian Ocean Region: Study Focused on Blue Economy Concept(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Jayawardane, B.A.I.M.The concept of Blue economy describes the strategic and sustainable use of marine resources for development of the economy and wellbeing of humans. The concept of blue economy is a sub section of “Green economy concept". Blue economy links directly to the sustainable development of States. The term was introduced as a concept, by Gunter Pauli and the term emerged in the global scale after Rio+20 summit. The concept, mostly suits for Island States and least developed countries. This describes about a pathway to conserve the environment while boosting the economy. Diminished resources on land signifies the need of blue economy concept. The concept benefits to States by creating new employment and boosting coastal and national economies. Shipping and transport, seabed exploration, blue biotechnology, ocean renewable energy, fisheries, aquaculture, coastal tourism are the included priority areas of blue economy. Major economies of the world like China, European Union, United States, and Great Britain have adopted blue economy to their national strategy and gained higher GDP growth. Particularly, Sri Lanka as an Island State and being located in a significant geostrategic location has gifted with the ability to perform as a business hub in the region. The main aim of this study is to identify the potentials of blue economy and to discover, does Sri Lanka has utilized the available blue economy potentials in a sustainable manner. The study will takes up Qualitative approach and descriptive analysis. Primary data was collected by conducting interviews, distributing questionnaires and observation. Journals, books and other sorts of printed media provided secondary data to the study. The study uncovers the poor consideration of ocean health and marine resources and defects of policies which are connected to blue sector. Therefore, Sri Lanka need to enhance the blue economy industries by taking special consideration to ocean health and also Sri Lanka should be more interactive in the region to promote blue economy and to become a business hub in the Indian Ocean region by adopting policies which benefits to national interest of Sri LankaItem The Practice of Economic Diplomacy as a Foreign Policy Tool in Sri Lanka Post 2015 Period(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Mudalige, I.P.The pearl shaped Island state of Sri Lanka is strategically situated in a way India’s security is ascertained. Foreign policy isn't only an endless dialogue between the powers of continuity and the powers of change but also, it's a continuous changing process where states co- operated with other states on its own grounds regarding the international environment. The United National Party and Sri Lanka Freedom party have been governing Sri Lanka since 1948 with mutually exclusive policies. This new era of political collaboration through silent revolution has begun by the good governance government since 2015 and the new foreign policy has been guided by the principle of non-alignment based on the strategy of ‘Asian Centric Middle Path’. ‘Economic Diplomacy’ is the most significant tool in foreign policy. Among many pillars of economic diplomacy, Foreign Trade - Foreign Direct Investment, Tourism are playing major roles of economic diplomacy to reposition Sri Lanka as an economic hub of the Indian Ocean region under this regime. This government introduced economic reforms to reduce the bottlenecks named delays of doing FDI related businesses and barriers in financial and monetary sectors. The global economy has begun to shift from a Europe centric path to Asian centric economic path. Then, Sri Lanka’s duty is to cultivate a dual identity as ‘center of the Indian Ocean’ and gateway to the subcontinent’. Sri Lanka has already negotiated with China, Pakistan, and India and tries to negotiate with ASEAN nations named Singapore through large FDI during this government compared to the previous one but, Sri Lanka will have to face challenges which power balancing between China-India-Japan-USA and maintaining political stability of this government for fulfil her economics interests. Was Sri Lanka able to achieve economic goals & find solutions of financial issues through foreign economic policy since 2015? Are the foreign economic policies being diplomatically effective & productive to reach correct & positive direction of economic development in Sri Lanka? These problems would be answered through this research by soft power theory. The research findings that although Sri Lanka has been followed Non alignment policy, should pay attention absence of long term national economic strategy plan and large differences of implementation of policies and promises for rebuild the national economy. If that can be achieved, as the consequences of it can be relished by many generations to come who shall not be burdened again with the vulnerabilities of political economyItem Sri Lnaka’s Foreign Policy under Mahinda Rajapaksha(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Madhushani, M.J.N.Foreign policy of a country is a significant mechanism which can be used for the advancement of interests of a specific country or a state. Unlike domestic policy it operates in an international atmosphere where the actions and behavior of other states. Since 1948 Sri Lanka had experienced two types of regime governance like United National Party and Sri Lanka Freedom Party. In every country there can be a change of the foreign policy due to the regime changes. Mahinda Rajapaksha was the 05th executive president of Sri Lanka from (2005-2009) -(2009-2015). He represented the SLFP party. Though there were successes of his foreign policy approach can see some weaknesses and failures in his second period as the president. The objectives of this study is to discuss the successes and to identify the failures of foreign policy under Rajapaksha regime, to explore what conditions led to foreign policy failures under Rajapaksha regime and to discuss what are the strategies taken by Mahinda Rajapaksha government to restore these failed relations.. And to examine foreign policy strategies used by Rajapaksha regime to restore failed relations with special reference to India and the United States. The methodology that has followed for the study is qualitative in nature while only based on secondary data and used descriptive as well as content analysis. This study is limited to the events and situations that happened in Sri Lankan foreign relations from (2005-2015). The research findings evident that he faced for difficulties while having relations with India and the United States. It also concludes that though Mahinda Rajapaksha had to face for difficulties he was able to have successful relations with India and the United States from 2005 to 2015Item Post-War Reconciliation in Sri Lanka(2nd International Studies Students’ Research Symposium – 2018, Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Meegahapola, R.A.Sri Lanka as developing country in the Asian region, has experienced on 3 decades ethnic conflict within the country. These 30 years ethnic crisis between Sri Lankan government and LTTE caused to build ethnically collapsed nation and it also caused to tarnish the good image of the country. Despite many theories and analysis to rebuild the society with renew relations, still there are many lacking part behind the reconciliation process in Sri Lanka. Therefore, the purpose of conducting this research study is to cover the different roots that lead to Sri Lankan society to such a long term war, also finds out the governments’ effort to rebuild the collapsed nation and at the same time examines success of governments’ effort on reconciliation process. There are several causes which have supported to build sever offences between two ethnicities, especially government political reforms after the independence and during the S.W.R.D. Bandaranaike period severely affected to make adversary ideas within Tamil minority. This study is based on primary data which is collected by using questionnaire method, as well as qualitative secondary data and mainly depend on reconciliation process since 2009 to 2017. The theoretical analysis of the study largely based on bottom-up and top-down process. Through this theory try to understand competency of the reconciliation process to reinforce the collapsed nation. Research findings manifest that even though many reconciliation processes have been implemented by the two regimes, still government of Sri Lanka could not establish everlasting peace within the society. Because of that there are many consequences of the war still prevailing in the society and try to harm the freedom of the country. Therefore, the peace which the country gained in 2009 can recognize as a vulnerability peace. Hence, to establish everlasting peace within Sri Lankan context there should be strong mechanisms to listen to people and build cooperation within Sri LankaItem Exporting Power: Opportunities and Challenges for India in Fulfilling Sri Lanka’s Energy Demand.(1st International Studies Students’ Research Symposium-2017 (ISSRS 2017) ,Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Fernando, A.L.B.India is actively embracing the potential of becoming the regional powerhouse through energy export. Its neighbor Sri Lanka’s total primary energy demand is expected to increase 4.9 % per annum from 2018-2037. While lower cost is the major concern in supplying energy to the local market, today policy makers also consider environmentally friendly power resources. This demand in the energy sector, with focus on renewable energy, is an opportunity for India, which has shown considerable interest in investing in renewable energy sources in recent years. The purpose of this study is to identify the opportunities and challenges India would confront when venturing into the Sri Lankan energy market. It is a qualitative data analysis conducted using secondary data sources. It analyzed the needs of Sri Lanka’s energy market, the role of India as a net exporter of power, the various energy related investment proposed by India, and the prospects for India to play a significant role in the Sri Lanka’s energy supply. The study shows that India’s proven track record with exporting electricity to neighboring Bangladesh and Nepal is testimony to its ability to fulfill the growing demand for energy in Sri Lanka. By investing in Sri Lanka’s energy market, India will benefit by establishing cross border links with neighboring countries, securing energy requirements of the region, and manifesting herself as an emerging energy player. However, India will also face significant local public displeasure at the growing Indian presence in the island while also unsettling neighbors such as China. Sri Lanka will also be suspicious of the geopolitical connotations lying beneath Indian interests and critical about India’s relentless pursuit of energy projects such as in Sampur in the past. The research concludes that India will find ample opportunity for mutual benefit by trading in energy resources with Sri Lanka. Future studies of this work could deeply analyze the pros and cons of depending on India to fulfill Sri Lanka’s energy needs.Item War and Terrorism in Sri Lanka.(1st International Studies Students’ Research Symposium-2017 (ISSRS 2017) ,Department of International Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Munasinghe, P.A.A.D.War is so common in the world today, and especially in the third world countries. Many countries in the world are engulfed by war. Civil war, ethnic war, cold war, identity wars have been the cause of ruining human civilizations. First and second world wars, ethnic war in Sri Lanka, Vietnam War etc are some of the examples of wars that have made damages the world is still recovering from. No one has forgotten 9/11. People still live in fear and terror in most of the Islamic countries. Freedom has been ditched and murdered by terrorism all over the world. Terrorism could make it impossible to imagine any free society. Our next generation might end up growing up surrounded by nuclear weapons, terrorism and human genocide. The Sri Lankan Civil War was an armed conflict fought on the island of Sri Lanka. Beginning on 23 July 1983, there was an intermittent insurgency against the government by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, which fought to create an independent Tamil state called Tamil Eelam in the north and the east of the island. After a 26-year military campaign, the Sri Lankan military defeated the Tamil Tigers in May 2009, bringing the civil war to an end. The future for the island of Sri Lanka, however, offers three stark alternatives, kill all remaining Tamils, power-sharing package and partition. Hence, the first choice would not help ease the situation for better. The second alternative is to find a solution that provides guarantees for security, stability and ethnic peace, which can be materialized in ethnically divided societies through restructuring the state system with power sharing. There should be a political appetite among masses for broader peace agendas. Importantly, there needs to be a political regime to pursue peace. Propaganda and marketing not only need to launch war, but also to seek peace. Actually, more aggressive form of propaganda and marketing is needed to seek peace in a society where symbols are sold to pursue war.
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