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    Tenses in Tamil and Sinhalese in Written Language
    (Department of Linguistics, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Maithripalal, H.K.D.P.B.; Mallawaarachchi, M.A.S.P.K.; Kaushalya, A.S.R.
    Tarnil and Sinhalese are the major languages in Sri Lanka. Sinhalese belongs to the Indo-Aryan language family and Tamil belongs to the Dravidian language family. Tenses play a main role in a language. Tenses express the time distinctions through all languages. The main purpose of this paper is to bring out the similarities and the dissimilarities between tense in the Sinhalese language and Tamillanguage. The data were gathered by books. Thus the present research aims to discuss the similarities and dissimilarities between written Tarnil and Sinhalese tenses. Sinhalese has two main tenses. They are Past Tense and NonPast Tense. Non- Past Tense includes Present Tense and Future Tense. But Tamil language has three main tenses. They are Past Tense, Present Tense and Future Tense. Verbs in Sinhalese and Tamil languages conjugate according to person (I st person, 2nd person, 3rd person), number (singular, plural) and gender (male, female).When verbs conjugate in Tamillanguage it differs according to human and non - human being. This is different from Sinhalese language, because main categories are living things and non - living things in Sinhalese language. Therefore in Sinhalese language, animals and human beings consider as a one category. But in Tamil language animal and human beings are consider as two categories. Accordingly a number of similarities and dissimilarities between tenses in the two language are identified. Further it has been discovered that these dissimilarities create difficulties for second language learners.
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    Future Tense in Spoken Tamil and Spoken Sinhalese: A Comparative Analysis
    (Department of Linguistics, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Subramaniam, A.
    Syntax differs from language to language. The second language learners find it hard to understand the syntax of the language they learn when it differs from the syntax of their mother tongue. Thus the similarities and differences of Tamil and Sinhalese languages in the future tense are being analysed through this study. One of the main similarities found out through this comparative study is that both Tamil and Sinhalese languages have a similar subdivision in Future tense: they are the „will‟ future, future perfect and future Continuous. On the other hand in Tamil, particles are being used to differentiate the future tense, where as verb suffixes and affixes are used in Sinhalese and further the present form is often used to refer to Future tense in Sinhalese. In Tamil, the Future verbs will take various forms as per to Case, Gender, Number and person. Nevertheless in Sinhalese a common verb form is used irrespective of the case, gender and number. The knowledge in the future function of these languages will give a clear idea to the learners and teachers of these languages and it will ease the teaching and learning process of these languages. The research area is limited to the tenses which are being used in the spoken context of the Sri Lankan Tamil and Sinhalese. The data for this study were obtained from books, articles, websites, and discussions.