International Research Symposium on Pure and Applied Sciences (IRSPAS)

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Cytotoxicity

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    Anticancer activity of Trichoderma harzianum extract against NCI-H292 lung cancer cells.
    (International Research Symposium on Pure and Applied Sciences, 2017 Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Sinthujah, S.; Samarakoon, S. R.; Tennakoon, K. H.; Attanayake, R. N.; Weerakoon, G.; Gunasegara, D. S.; Paranagama, P. A.
    Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Chemotherapy has been the choice of cancer treatment for many years however, it can also affect normal cells and create many undesirable side effects and have the potential to develop resistance. Therefore, investigators must reassess their approach to translate discovery research into greater clinical success and impact aiming to find novel compounds. Endolichenic fungi (ELF) are potential source of producing many bioactive compounds. Preparations of ELFs extracts are commonly used to search for anticancer activity. Based on the fact that fungal extracts provide evidence to develop anticancer drugs, this study was conducted to evaluate the anticancer activity of an ELF, Trichoderma harzianum, (strain No: MF029755) extract against NCI-H292 lung cancer cells. Organ specific in-vitro assays are imperative in large scale screening of natural products with useful clinical activity. Among many such assays, sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay employs a protein binding aminoxanthene dye, to provide a quantitative analysis of viable cells in a culture following the introduction of the compound. Preliminary investigations revealed that crude ethylacetate extract of an endolichenic fungus, T. harzianum, and chloroform fractions of crude extract (12.5 mgL-1, 25 mgL-1, 50 mgL-1, 100 mgL-1 and 200 mgL-1) obtained by partition were positive for the SRB assay. IC50 values of crude extract and the chloroform fraction were 68.48 mgL-1 and 38.44 mgL-1 respectively. The chloroform fraction was chromatographed over silica gel column to obtain seven fractions. Cytotoxicity of the seven fractions obtained from the crude extract of the fungus was determined using SRB assay against lung cancer cell line NCI-H292 following standard protocols. The cell suspension in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) was aliquoted into 96-well plate. After incubation cells were treated with two concentrations (100 mgL-1 and 200 mgL-1) of fractions obtained by column chromatography. SRB dye was added to each well and acetic acid was used to remove unbound dye. Absorbance was measured at 540 nm using microplate reader. Survival percentage of the cells was calculated. If no viable cells present pink color of the medium turns colorless. In the current assay control wells and 1st fraction remained pink and all the other treatments turned pink into colorless. Seventh fraction showed the highest activity and further purification, SRB assays and structure elucidation will be carried out.
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    Screening cytotoxic potential of henna based hair dyes using human red blood cells.
    (International Research Symposium on Pure and Applied Sciences, 2017 Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka., 2017) Nawalage, N.M.S.K.; Pathiratne, A.
    Intensive usage of commercial hair dyes all over the world may lead to wide variety of health and environmental problems. Direct contact of hair dyes with the human skin may initiate toxic effects on human cells. Commercially available ‘henna based hair dyes’ are considered as less toxic but scientifically based studies on assessing toxicity of these dyes are limited. The present study was conducted to screen potential cytotoxicity of three selected henna based hair dyes on human red blood cells (RBC) in vitro using hemolysis assay. Mostly used henna based commercial hair dyes were purchased from the market. The hemolysis assay was performed by separating serum of the centrifuged blood samples and diluting the RBCs to 20% by adding phosphate buffered saline solution (pH 7.4). The diluted red blood cell suspensions were mixed with commercial hair dye solutions (final dye concentrations 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 1.0 mg/mL) and the mixtures were incubated at 37OC. The incubated RBC samples were centrifuged and the absorbance of supernatants were measured at 540 nm to determine percentage hemolysis. The potential associations between dye concentration and hemolysis potential were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation test (P < 0.05). Triton X -100 (0.1%) and phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) were used as the positive control and the negative control respectively. Results showed significant positive correlations (P < 0.05) between hemolysis (%) and the hair dye concentration in all three hair dyes indicating concentration dependent cytotoxic response on red blood cells. The results may indicate potential health impacts associated with these henna based commercial hair dyes during direct applications at high doses. Further toxicity assessments especially in relation to cytogenetic effects are warranted considering human health.
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    In-vitro anti-cancer and cytotoxic properties of aqueous seaweed extracts on BHK and HeLa cell lines
    (Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Ranahewa, T.H.; Premarathna, A.D.; Jayasooriya, L.J.P.A.P.; Wijesundara, R.R.M.K.K.; Rajapakse, R.P.V.J.
    Cancer is a major health problem all over the world. Seaweeds and its active compounds have shown their potent cytotoxicity against cancer cells opening new sights for the production of new therapeutics. This study was performed to determine the cytotoxic effect and anti-cancer activity of aqueous extracts of selected Sri Lankan seaweed species on cancer (HeLa) and normal (Baby Hamster Kidney fibroblasts, BHK) cell lines. In addition, seaweed species with potent anticancer effect against cancer cell line was investigated. Samples of Ulva faciata (SW 01), Caulerpa racemosa (SW 02), Gracilaria corticata (SW 03), Sargassum illicifolium (SW 15) and Jania adhaereus (SW 26) were collected from Northern, Southern and North Western coastal sites of Sri Lanka. Aqueous extracts of seaweeds were prepared by soaking dried, powdered seaweed samples in distilled water through a modified method. Cells were cultured in a 96-well plate in Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI 1640) medium and after 24-hour incubation, cells were treated with different seaweed extracts. Tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay (in-vitro) was carried out after 24-hour incubation to determine cytotoxicity and anticancer effects. Viability percentages and growth inhibition rates for both cell types and with controls were compared. It was found that the seaweed extracts from different species showed significantly variable responses against cancer and normal cell lines. All seaweed extracts showed significant cytotoxic effect on cancer (HeLa) cells.