International Research Symposium on Pure and Applied Sciences (IRSPAS)
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Item Simulation-based network optimization for petroleum distribution in Sri Lanka: A systematic review of literature(Research Symposium on Pure and Applied Sciences, 2018 Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Sachini, W. W. N.; Weerabahu, W. M. S. K.; Wickramarachchi, R.Petroleum is one of the industries that has a massive impact on living conditions of the population. Petroleum industry contributes for transportation, power generation, agro chemicals, residential, commercial and industrial needs etc. Petroleum distribution network plays an increasingly important function in delivering value to the end user. Petroleum industry’s complexity has grown as a result of tight competition, strict environmental regulations, high operational costs and low margin of profits. The petroleum product demand fluctuation and the present scenario of high petroleum crude oil price fluctuation demonstrate that industries and markets all over the world are impacted by the volatility and uncertainty of the petroleum industry. These reasons drive petroleum industry toward strategic planning and optimization with respect to the uncertainties and constraints in factors such as the source, raw materials availability, expected market demand, production costs and distribution costs. The objective of this research is to study the current petroleum distribution network in Sri Lanka, identify the inefficiencies and critical factors causing inefficiencies and to propose a simulation-based optimization model to overcome these inefficiencies. A conceptual framework has been developed based on the findings observed from critical review of literature and further data was collected from Sri Lankan petroleum industry domain experts using in-depth interviews. The qualitative analysis of data has been done to evaluate the research findings. With the computational constraints of solving petroleum distribution network problems, a few optimization and approximation approaches have been introduced in the recent past. It has been identified that Sri Lankan petroleum distribution network has not been taken in to account for the optimization. Hence, this paper expects to introduce an innovative mathematical model for the optimization. The proposed model will be validated with complex and real data extracted from Sri Lankan petroleum industry. Subsequently, simulation is used to create scenarios on the designed model. Thus, this study depicts a simulation-based distribution network optimization model, with the purpose of minimizing the cost, based on inefficiencies and contributing critical factors, which are specific for Sri Lankan petroleum industry. As a result, the developed optimization model would enable the Sri Lankan petroleum industry to achieve higher performance leading to competitive advantage.Item Modelling and optimizing the profit of public transportation bus(Research Symposium on Pure and Applied Sciences, 2018 Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Himahansi, K. D. M.; Mallawa-Arachchi, D. K.In this research work, we develop a mathematical model that can be used to optimize the profit from a bus service between two cities, while taking into account the factors that affect the profit. The factors that we considered were the departure time between two buses on the route, the average speed of a bus between two stops and the ticket price. A deterministic model was formulated for the profit using a Beverton-halt type formula consisting of the above three variables. The optimal profit was calculated under the constraint that a bus service should get a minimum profit to maintain the bus service. Several simplifying assumptions were also made. They are i. Bus service last for 12 hr from (6.00 a.m to 6.00 p.m) ii. Buses travel at a constant speed iii. Fuel cost is the only cost incurred. Optimal solutions were obtained using Matlab simulations changing the parameters simultaneously. This research is a fundamental model that takes into account the factors that affect the lasting of a bus service. We conclude that, in order to supply service to many passengers, the buses should travel at a faster speed and that the departure time difference should be minimized.Item Route optimization of solid waste collection in Gampaha(Research Symposium on Pure and Applied Sciences, 2018 Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2018) Hakmanage, N. M.; Jayasundara, D. D. M.For this study, we have selected Gampaha municipal area. According to the estimates and the enumerated population 2012 (census) in Sri Lanka, among the 25 districts, the highest population is reported from Colombo district. The second highest population is reported from Gampaha district. Even though there are several waste management problems, before a huge disaster due to unsustainable disposal waste in second populated district in Sri Lanka, we propose an optimal waste collecting path. The main objective of this research is to optimize Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) collection routes using mathematical model to maximize collected solid waste amount and minimize the cost and collection time. To use route optimization process, data related in collection process such as type of vehicles used to waste collection and capacity, the amount of solid waste production and the number of inhabitants for each route are essential. Lack of such data leads us to estimate the solid waste production amount per each route by considering the number of houses/buildings in each route. For 10 sections in the Gampaha Municipal area, the modified maximum flow amount technique and the shortest path model were used to optimize solid waste collection process with minimum cost. The Geographic Information System (GIS) and Google map were used to identify routes, count number of houses/buildings in each route, and to find route distance between each connected junctions/intersections. Total traveled distance for the waste collection at each day was calculated as 858 km after finding the optimum routes by proposed model which is more than 10% efficient compared to the current traveled distance. In the current system, 10 vehicles are being used for collection whereas proposed model needs only 8 vehicles. According to this study, 14.2% and 20% thrift can be obtained via distance and vehicle allocation respectively. The consequences of the reductions in travelled time, total time and travelled distance were savings in costs related to fuel consumption.