International Research Symposium on Pure and Applied Sciences (IRSPAS)
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Item Refurbishment of Under-utilized Scientific Equipment for Modern Teaching and Research: Case of a Bio-reactor Upgrade(4th International Research Symposium on Pure and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2019) Pallegedara, A.; Chandrakumara, O.We have found that large number of expensive scientific equipment purchased, received under foreign aids, national grants or any other public monetary funds are highly under-utilized in state universities especially those received before ten to thirty-five years. The apparent reasons found were; support and spares are not available to be replaced, venders or the manufacturer no longer available, lack of operational guides available, replacement for damaged parts cannot be found and due to their complexities refurbishments were failed etc. Therefore, we realize the value of saving billions of money to the nation if we could properly regain the operations of those equipment and enabling them with modern requirements for teaching and research in the universities and institutes. Hence we propose the refurbishment of a Bio-reactor (Fermenter); is the machine with enclosed and sterilized environment for making microorganism-controlled products. In the fermentation, fermenter controls critical functions of fermenting process such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO) and mixing speed or agitation. The reengineered legacy fermenter was manufactured in 1985 by B.E. Marubishi, Japan and it was out of operation since 25 years. The machine was built entirely with analog controls including signal conditioner. The EPROM in the machine has been exposed to ultraviolet light sources and programs would be erased. The pH and dissolved oxygen sensors are galvanic type. MSU control unit and signal conditioner have been connected with each other via legacy data buses. Refurbishment of the MSU unit and signal conditioner has been bypassed and sensors are connected with newly built electronic circuit with the in house developed software modules. The sensor signals are processed by two micro-controllers and send it to the central raspberry processor. The raspberry-Pi processes the inputs and sends back the signals to control the fermenter. The control signals are again processed by micro-controller and thus it changes the fermenter parameters according to received control signals. The proposed control interface is web-based and it can be accessed anywhere in the world. The IoT conversion could help the students to do their research and practical work in bioengineering conveniently. Scientific Fermenter is an expensive equipment and not easy to afford for a new one. By the proposed research and development project we were able to save around 30 million LKR of public money and also started the teaching of new courses and research projects. Trials and experiments were carried out under well-controlled standard calibrations and setup was aligned with original operational characteristics. Refurbished setup was verified with the set of results obtained compared with that of original electronics and control algorithm given in published data.Item Analysing mobility patterns of people to determine the best transportation method(Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Senanayake, J.M.D.; Wijayanayake, W.M.J.I.With the technological enhancements related to Internet, Wireless Communication, Big Data Analytics, Sensor-based Data, and Machine Learning; new paradigms are enabled for processing large amount of data which are collected from various sources. In the past decades, both coarse and fine-grained sensor data had been used to perform location-driven activity inference. In recent years, GPS phone and GPS enabled PDA become prevalent in people’s daily lives. With such devices people become more capable than ever of tracing their outdoor mobility and using locationbased applications. Based on the collected data from these GPS enabled devices with the help of IoT related to user mobility lots of research areas are opened. In this research the data related to user locations when users do any outdoor movements is collected using the mobile devices that are connected to the Internet and is mined using data mining techniques and come up with an algorithm to model & analyse those big data to identify mobility pattern, traffic prediction, transportation method satisfaction etc. The data for this research will be collected using a mobile application which has to be installed in smart devices like smart phones, tablet PCs etc. In this application the user has to enter the activity that he or she currently doing and the method of transportation & the users' opinion on the transportation method if he is doing some sort of travelling. The GPS coordinates (longitude & latitude) as GPS trajectories along with the time stamp and the date will be automatically acquired from the users' IoT device. A cloud based storage will be used to store collected data. Since the dataset is going to be a huge one, there can be data which contains outlier values due to the uncertainty of the mobile network coverage and the GPS coverage of the devices. Therefore, these data should be properly cleaned when doing data mining activities otherwise these data will lead to incorrect results such as wrong traffic prediction in certain places if several users are stuck in the same GPS coordinates for a while. Not only that but also when it comes to the user satisfaction, it might lead to generate incorrect outcome if the users in the sample will not enter their satisfaction accurately. This can be avoided by comparing cluster wise users with the consideration of the location and the transportation method. We can get the average opinion of the users and take it as the satisfaction of the transportation method in that cluster. Using the final results of this research the government can also be benefited if we selected the sample users well with mixing all the types of people and by providing necessary information for planning smart cities.