Journal/Magazine Articles
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This collection contains original research articles, review articles and case reports published in local and international peer reviewed journals by the staff members of the Faculty of Medicine
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Item Prevalence and predictors of new onset depression in the acute phase of stroke(Elsevier Science, 2021) Isuru, A.; Hapangama, A.; Ediriweera, D.; Samarasinghe, L.; Fonseka, M.; Ranawaka, U.INTRODUCTION: Post-stroke depression (PSD) is known to be associated with poor functional outcome and high mortality. There is limited data on the prevalence and associated factors of depression in the acute phase after stroke. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of PSD in the acute phase and its correlates among patients with stroke in a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka. METHOD: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among patients with stroke admitted to the stroke unit of a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka over a 3-year period. Demographic and clinical information was obtained using an interviewer administered questionnaire. Depression was diagnosed using the ICD-10 criteria. Group comparisons were performed using Pearson's Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test Multiple logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with PSD. RESULTS: Of 374 patients, 106 patients experienced moderate to severe PSD, with a prevalence of 28.3 % (95 % CI: 23.8 %-32.9 %). Of them, 54.7 % were females, 49 % were above the age of 60 years, and 79.9 % had ischemic strokes. Female gender (OR-2.77, 95 % CI: 1.46-5.07, P = 0.002), a longer duration of hypertension (OR-1.31, 95 % CI: 1.01-1.721, P = 0.004), strokes involving the temporal lobe (OR-7.25, 95 % CI: 2.81-20.25, P < 0.001) and post-stroke functional disability (OR- O.98, 95 % CI:0.97-0.99, P = 0.001) were associated with PSD on multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: More than one fourth of the patients suffered from PSD in the acute phase of stroke. Female gender, longer history of hypertension, physical dependence and temporal lobe strokes were predictive of PSD. KEYWORDS: Acute phase; Post-stroke depression; Rehabilitation; South Asia; Stroke; Stroke unit.Item Commentary: Measuring depression in a non-western war-affected displaced population: measurement equivalence of the Beck Depression Inventory(Frontiers Research Foundation, 2018) Chandradasa, M.; Champika, L.Comment on : Measuring depression in a non-western war-affected displaced population: measurement equivalence of the Beck Depression Inventory.[Front Psychol. 2017; 8:1670]Item Delayed anxiety and depressive morbidity among dengue patients in a multi-ethnic urban setting: first report from Sri Lanka(BioMed Central, 2018) Gunathilaka, N.; Chandradasa, M.; Champika, L.; Siriwardana, S.; Wijesooriya, L.I.BACKGROUND: Although the physical consequences of dengue are well documented, delayed psychological co-morbidities are not well studied to date. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms among past dengue patients. METHODS: A community-based, case-control study in a multi-ethnic urban setting was conducted in Sri Lanka involving adults who were diagnosed to have dengue fever by a positive dengue IgM antibody response between 6 and 24 months ago. Self-administered Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD-20) and a structured clinical interview by a psychiatrist were done in the patients and in an age and gender-matched control group. RESULTS: Fifty-three participants each in the patient (mean age 42.9 years, SD 15.5) and control (mean age 41.6 years, SD 15.3) groups were surveyed. The ages ranged from 18 to 70 years and 64.2% were females. The majority (90.6%; n = 48) of the individuals had been diagnosed with dengue fever followed by dengue haemorrhagic fever (9.4% n = 5). Denguepatients had higher DASS-21 mean depressive scores (means 11.7/9.4, SD 6.4/4.0, t = 2.2, p = .028), anxiety scores (means 10.7/7.2, SD 6.8/1.8, t = 3.6, p = .0005), stress scores (means 12.0/8.8, SD 5.3/3.5, t = 3.6, p = .0004) and CESD-20 scores (means 16.1/11.7, SD 9.4/7.3, t = 2.6, p = .008) than controls. The DSM-5 depressive disorder was clinically detected by the psychiatrist among 15.1 and 7.5% in patient and control groups (OR 2.1; CI .5-7.7; p = .22). Limitations: a limitation is the small sample size. CONCLUSION: Patients with past dengue had significantly higher depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms than the control group according to the DASS-21 and CESD-20 tools. To our knowledge, this is the first report on delayed psychological morbidity related to dengue. This may warrant healthcare professionals to incorporate mental counselling for dengue patients.Item Perceived functional impairment and spirituality/religiosity as predictors of depression in a Sri Lankan spinal cord injury patient population(Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK : Stockton Press, 2016) Xue, S.; Arya, S.; Embuldeniya, A.; Narammalage, H.; da Silva, T.; Williams, S.; Ravindran, A.STUDY DESIGN:Cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study.OBJECTIVES:To test the hypothesis that self-perceived functional impairment and religiosity/spirituality (S/R) predict depression among traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) patients in Sri Lanka. SETTING: Ragama Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Hospital, Ragama, Sri Lanka. METHODS: The Spinal Cord Independence Measure, Benefit Through Spirituality/Religiosity Scale, Sheehan Disability Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) were administered to 61 consenting in-patients with traumatic SCI between June and July 2014. A linear regression model on BDI-II score was developed to examine the impact of self-perceived functional impairment and S/R activities on psychiatric outcomes in context of various sociodemographic variables.RESULTS: Psychiatric consequences of SCI were reflected in a 41% prevalence of depression. Thirty-six percent (R2=0.36) of the variance in BDI-II scores (F(5, 55)=6.07, P<0.001) was explained by the regression model. Functional impairment (β=0.54, t(55)=4.73, P<0.001) and perceived benefit through S/R activities (β=-0.31, t(55)=-2.55, P<0.05) emerged as the strongest predictors for depression severity.CONCLUSIONS: Perceived functional impairment in work, social and family domains predicted depressive symptomatology among SCI inpatients in Sri Lanka, while perceived benefit through S/R protected against depression. The findings emphasize the need for rehabilitative programming to support patients' S/R activities and mental wellbeing, promoting reintegration into their community roles.Item Suicidal risk assessment and depression(Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2009) Kuruppuarachchi, K.A.L.A.; Wijesinghe, C.A.No Abstract Available