Economics
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Item Economic value of water functioning system of paddy field in Sri Lanka(2015) Nishantha, B.M.N.; Kularathne, M.G.; Semasinghe, W.M.; Henegedara, M.Item Impacts of external costs and benefits of paddy farming in Sri Lanka(2015) Nishantha, B.M.N.; Semasinghe, W.M.; Kularathne, M.G.; Gunarathana, K.M.L.M.M.Item Public Welfare Policy, Capability and Rural Poverty with special reference to Hambantota District in Sri Lanka(Faculty of Social sciences, 2010) Semasinghe, W.M.Item Social Development of Sri Lanka: achievements and challenges. Journal of Social Sciences – Sri Lanka(Faculty of Social sciences, 2009) Semasinghe, W.M.Item The Effects of Public Welfare Policies on Rural Poverty in Sri Lanka: A Logistic Regression Analysis(Sri Lanka Journal of Advanced Social Studies, 2011) Semasinghe, W.M.Poverty alleviation is one of the greatest phenomenon that acquired a foremost priority within the development effort of Sri Lanka, mainly during the past few decades. Public sector has been playing a vital role in this endeavor. In the first phase of independence, social welfare was given highest priority. Free education, health services, food rationing, land reforms, subsidies for agriculture, control of the prices of essential food items etc. were among the major welfare and poverty alleviation measures in this phase. In addition to these measures, targeted poverty alleviation strategies were implemented in 1980s. As a result of these efforts, the nation has been able to reach to a reasonable level of social development and to reduce income poverty significantly. The purpose of the present study is to assess the effects of public welfare policies on the reduction of rural poverty in Sri Lanka. The study is based mainly on the Hambantota district of southern Sri Lanka. Logistic Regression Analysis was employed to assess the effects. State of multidimensional poverty (Y) was the dependent variable. Six basic capabilities namely, Avoid hunger and food insecurity (Food capability-FOD), Free from illiteracy and having knowledge (Education capability-EDU), having a healthy life (Health capability – HEL), Access adequately to clean drinking water (Drinking water capability - DRW), Sheltered safely and adequately (Housing capability - HOU) and Access to improved sanitation (Sanitation capability - SAN) were used as independent variables. The analysis concluded that food related public policies have played a significant role in reducing rural poverty. Though, public policies on health, housing, education, drinking water and sanitation have played a vital role, they have not still been able to provide adequate opportunities for the rural poor. Hence, public expenditure on those spheres can play a significant role in reducing rural poverty. Among the considered areas, public health policy is the comparatively most effective in reducing rural poverty, followed by housing and drinking water policies. Thus, expenditure on health can reduce rural poverty at a comparatively high rate. Education policy is less effective than other services.Item Poverty incidence in Sri Lanka: Overview, trends, challenges and opportunities(Humanities and Social Sciences, 2014) Semasinghe, W.M.Poverty is one of the major socioeconomic issues that Sri Lanka has been attempting to tackle in the past six decades. Successive governments of the country have given highest priority to alleviate poverty and to sustain socioeconomic advancement of the country. The aim of this paper is to examine the trends of poverty incidence of the country and to identify the future challenges and opportunities that have opened up for poverty alleviation. The assessment was focused mainly on the income dimension of poverty. Secondary data published by the Department of Census and Statistics based on its Households Income and Expenditure Surveys and the data published by the Central Bank of Sri Lanka were used in the analysis. The data reveals that poverty incidence has shown a gradual declining trend during the past ten-fifteen years. Several factors including economic growth, workers’ remittance, targeted poverty alleviation programs, increasing employment opportunities, improvement of socioeconomic infrastructure can be identified as the causal factors of this progress. Sustaining the declining trend and overcoming the disparity of poverty incidence among geographical locations are key challenges that should be addressed, appropriately. The end of the war the country presents several opportunities to free the country of income poverty. Keywords: Public Policy, Poverty Alleviation, Economic Growth, Workers Remittance, SocioeconomicsItem Economic and Social Cost of Fertilizer Subsidy on Paddy Farming in Sri Lanka(International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 2014) Semasinghe, W.M.The main objective of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of fertilizer subsidy on paddy cultivation. ANCOVA model was fitted in order to accomplish this objective. Accordingly, it was found that there is a statistically significant positive relationship between fertilizer subsidy and average yield of paddy farming. Marginal Analysis was employed in order to assess the efficiency of fertilizer usage. According to the analysis, private benefits of fertilizer usage are higher than private cost; hence, fertilizer usage is inefficient; more precisely fertilizer is underutilized. On the contrary, as evidence shows social cost of fertilizer usage is higher than social benefits; fertilizer usage is inefficient but over utilized. Hence, appropriate measures should be taken up in order to reduce fertilizer usage. This dilemma should be handled very carefully. Since evidence has established that fertilizer usage is encouraged by fertilizer subsidy, it is suggested to reconsider the mechanism of fertilizer subsidy instead of removing it.