Conference Papers
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repository.kln.ac.lk/handle/123456789/6561
This collection contains abstracts of conference papers, presented at local and international conferences by the staff of the Faculty of Medicine
Browse
8 results
Search Results
Item Metabolic syndrome and risk of endometrial carcinoma among asymptomatic, postmenopausal, urban Sri Lankan females: a community cohort follow-up study(Wiley Publishing, 2017) Dias, T.; Niriella, M.; de Silva, S.; Motha, C.; Palihawadana, T.S.; Ediriweera, D.; de Silva, J.OBJECTIVES: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been recognised as a risk factor for malignancies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of MetS and risk of endometrial carcinoma (EC), by measuring endometrial thickness (ET). METHODS: The Ragama Health Study (RHS) recruited 35-64-year-old female cohort by age-stratified random sampling in 2007 and re-evaluated them in 2014, using a structured interview, anthropometric measurements and biochemical tests. Liver ultrasound to detect fatty liver was performed in 2007. Pelvic ultrasound to detect ET was performed in 2014 among consenting participants. MetS was diagnosed on established International Diabetes Federation (IDF 2012) criteria. Increased ET was defined as >5mm. Simple logistic regression was used to screen variables and multiple logistic regression was used to obtain adjusted effects of risk factors for increased ET. RESULTS: 813/1636(49.7%) of the original female cohort attended follow-up; ET was measured in 567(69.7%). Median (IQR) age of females was 61 (56-66) years. 323 fulfilled criteria for MetS (prevalence 57.1%) in 2007. 57(10.1%) had increased ET in 2014. Increasing plasma triglycerides [OR=1.004 per mg/dl, 95%CI:1.001-1.007, p<0.05] and being hypertensive [OR=2.16, 95%CI:1.11–4.08, p<0.05] were associated with increased ET, while advancing age [OR=0.93 per year, 95%CI:0.89–0.98, p<0.01] and being diabetic [OR= 0.34, 95%CI:0.10–0.89, p<0.05] were protective. CONCLUSIONS: Hypertension and increased plasma triglyceride levels, in the pre-menopausal period, were risk factors for future asymptomatic increased ET.Item Study on age-ralated variation in ovarian volume and proportion of endometrial thickness abnormalities in women of advanced and post-reproductive age(Wiley Publishing, 2016) Pieris, V.; Dias, T.; Palihawadana, T.S.; de Silva, J.OBJECTIVES : To describe the variations in endometrial thickness and the ovarian volume among peri and postmenopausal women. METHODS : A cross-sectional analysis was done in a study population of a longitudinal study. This was a community-based study and included 888 women randomly selected from the Ragama, Sri Lanka. This was done as part of a larger ongoing study, the “Ragama Health Study”. All study participants underwent a transvaginal pelvic ultrasound scan and the endometrial thickness and the ovarian size were measured. The ovarian volume was calculated using the formula for a prolate ellipsoid (0.523 h x w x l). RESULTS: The mean age of the study population was 59.45 yrs (SD=7.601) and 85.8% (n = 762) of them had undergone menopause. The prevalence of an endometrial thickness (ET) > 10 mm among premenopausal women was 14.98% while 0.9% (n = 1) had an ET>15 mm. Among postmenopausal women an ET >4 mm was seen in 16.01%. This included 1.3% (n = 10) who had an ET >10 mm. The mean of average ovarian volumes of the study population, according to age is shown in the figure. CONCLUSIONS : The study demonsatrated the proportion of asymptomatic women with a thickened endometrium among perimenoausal and poatmenopausal women (>15 mm and >4 mm resepectively) that necessitate evaluation is around 1%. It also described the age related changes in ovarian volume.Item Study on age-ralated variation in ovarian volume and proportion of endometrial thickness abnormalities in women of advanced and post-reproductive age(John Wiley & Sons, 2016) Pieris, V.; Dias, T.; Palihawadana, T.S.; de Silva, J.Objectives: To describe the variations in endometrial thickness and the ovarian volume among peri and postmenopausal women. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was done in a study population of a longitudinal study. This was a community-based study and included 888 women randomly selected from the Ragama, Sri Lanka. This was done as part of a larger ongoing study, the “Ragama Health Study”. All study participants underwent a transvaginal pelvic ultrasound scan and the endometrial thickness and the ovarian size were measured. The ovarian volume was calculated using the formula for a prolate ellipsoid (0.523 h x w x l). Results: The mean age of the study population was 59.45 yrs (SD=7.601) and 85.8% (n = 762) of them had undergone menopause. The prevalence of an endometrial thickness (ET) > 10 mm among premenopausal women was 14.98% while 0.9% (n = 1) had an ET>15 mm. Among postmenopausal women an ET >4 mm was seen in 16.01%. This included 1.3% (n = 10) who had an ET >10 mm. The mean of average ovarian volumes of the study population, according to age is shown in the figure. Conclusions: The study demonsatrated the proportion of asymptomatic women with a thickened endometrium among perimenoausal and poatmenopausal women (>15 mm and >4 mm resepectively) that necessitate evaluation is around 1%. It also described the age related changes in ovarian volume.Item Effect of mebendazole threapy in pregnancy on birth outcome(Sri Lanka Medical Association, 1998) de Silva, N.; Sirisena, J.; Gunasekera, D.; de Silva, J.OBJECTIVES : A prospective, unmatched, case-control study was done to assess the safety of mebendazole threapy in pregnancy, a hitherto uninvestigated factor. DESIGN : All women delivering in the University Obstetrics Unit of the Ragama Teaching Hospital between May 1996 and, March 1997 were administered a questionnaire soon after delivery. Details of the birth and the baby were recorded; suspected defects were confirmed by a paediatrician. The incidence of congenital defects in babies of mothers who had taken mebendazole during the pregnancy was compared with the incidence among those who had not taken an anthelmintic (controls). Data analysis was done using Epi Info 6.03. RESULTS : Of 3688 women, 73.5% had taken mebendazole, 24.8% had not taken any any anthelmintic , 1.1% had taken an anthelmintic but could not identify it and 0.6% had taken pyrantel or albedazole. The incidence of birth defects was 2.36% {64/2711) in the mebendazole group compared with 2.3% (21/913) in the controls (odds ratio 1.03, 95% confidence limits 0.61 - 1.75). This difference was not statistically significant even when corrected for other known risk factors by stratified analysis . Data regarding timing of mebendazole threapy was available for 2660 women; 6.9% in the first trimester, 83.8% in the second, and 9.2% in the third. The incidence of birth defects among women who had taken mebendazole in the first trimester was 3.24% (6/185). giving an odds ratio of 1.42 against the controls; this was also not statistically significant.CONCLUSIONS : The use of mebendazole in pregnancy does not lead to a significant increase in the risk of congenital defects.Item Does Sanders-Retzlaff-Kraff (SRK-2) formula suit a Sri Lankan population in phacoemulsification cataract surgery of medium axial length?(Sri Lanka Medical Association, 2012) Amaratunge, M.S.; de Silva, J.; Wasthuhewaarachchi, I.M.; Uyangoda, S.H.; Mallawaarachchi, M.A.J.I.; Premaratna, R.; Nishad, A.A.N.INTRODUCTION: After introduction of phacoemulsification with small incision techniques, intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation predictionhas become a crucial step for good refractive outcomes. SRK-2 formula is widely used for that purpose in many locations. AIMS: To evaluate the predictive accuracy of post operative refraction using SRK-2 formula in phacoemulsification of eyes with 22-26mm axial length. METHODS: Patients with senile cataracts undergoing phacoemulsification and IOL during 2011 in Gampaha district by a single surgeon were selected randomly. Single examiner measured simulated manual keratometry preoperatively, seven days postoperatively. Uncorrected visual acuity, slit lamp examination of anterior segment and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) were measured. The implanted IOL power was used to calculate the predicted postoperative refractive error using time SRK-2 formula. RESULTS: Of 274 patients (56% females, mean (SD) age 65.3(10) years), the right eye was operated in 142(51.8%). On postoperative seventh day, 79% had VA of 6/6 and 14% to 6/9, 4% to 6/12 to 6/36 in the operated eye. Mean (SD) of IOL power used 21.50 (1.90)D. The predicted refractive error with SRK-2 was -0.3(0.145)0 and the achieved refractive error was -0.22(0.732)0. Difference between predicted and achieved refractive error presented a slight hyperopic shift (mean(SD) 0.054(0.397)0}. There was a negative Pearson correlation (-0.126) between the predicted refractive error and achieved refractive error (p=0.04). Predictive error was less than 0.5 in 80.2%, <0.75 in 88.6% and <1.0 in 96.7%. CONCLUSIONS: SRK-2 formula is a good option to predict the refractive error after cataract extraction by phacoemulsification in eyes with medium axial length.Item Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension among three populations with cataract in Vavuniya and Gampaha districts in the post conflict era(Sri Lanka Medical Assosiation, 2012) Amaratunge, M.S.; de Silva, J.; Wasthuhewaarachchi, I.M.; Uyangoda, S.H.; Mallawaarachchi, M.A.J.; Premaratna, R.; Nishad, A.A.N.INTRODUCTION: Identification of socio economic factors and non communicable disease profiles of patients with cataract is important to plan vision related health services. AIMS: To compare prevalence of diabetes mellitus [DM] and hypertension (HT) among three groups of cataract patients. METHODS: Prevalence of diabetes-and hypertension was compared in groups of patients with cataracts during second quarter of 2011. Group A: a rural population in Vavuniya, B: semi-urban low socioeconomic group and C: semi-urban higher socioeconomic group in Gampaha. Standard criteria used to detect diabetes and hypertension. RESULTS: Population in A 167(36% males), B 207(62% males) and C 407(40% males). Mean (SD) age was 65(10) years. Male diabetes prevalence (95% CI) were A 20% (9.3-28), B 30%(22.6-38.4) and C 37.9%(30.8-45.6) (p=0.009). Prevalence (95%CI) of diabetes in females were A 17.8% (11.7-26), B 19% (11.9-29) and C 33.7% (28.1-39.9) (p=0.002). Hypertension prevalence in males (95%CI) A 23.3% (15- 35.4), B 35.4% (27.6-44) and C 36-6% (29.6-44.3) (>=0.16) a"d in females A 26.2% (18.8-35.2), B 15.2% (9-24.7) and C 45.1% (39-51.4) (p=0.001). Prevalence of either diabetes or hypertension among males A 31.7% (21-44), B 54.3% (45.7-62.7) and C 56% (48.2-63.3) (p=0.001) and among females A 34.6% (26- 44), B 26.6% (18-37.2) and C 57.8% (51,5-63.7) (p=0.001). Conclusions: Females in higher socioeconomic group of Gampaha district had higher diabetes and hypertension prevalence than in lower socioeconomic populations. Male groups showed same pattern for diabetes but not for hypertension. Overall prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus were higher than for general population in Sri Lanka.Item Application of nucleic acid technology (NAT) in the diagnosis of active viral replication in HBV and HCV infections and evidence for HBV surface antigen mutants(Sri Lanka Association for the Advancement of Science, 2008) Manamperi, A.; Gunawardene, Y.I.N.S.; Hapuarachchi, C.; Bandara, A.; Wellawaththage, C.; Abeyewickreme, W.; de Silva, J.Introduction: The community prevalence of Hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) infections, although considered low (< 1%) in Sri Lanka based on serological markers, pose a significant health threat to patients in high risk groups. The early diagnosis of active viral infection is crucial in such situations to prevent further transmission and to enable the clinicians to initiate successful therapeutic interventions. Objective: This study was carried out to investigate the usefulness of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the diagnosis of active viral replication in HBV and HCV infections. Methodology: All specimens from patients with serological evidence of hepatitis B (HBV surface antigen and/or antibodies for HBV core protein) or hepatitis C (antibodies for hepatitis C core protein-Anti-HCV) and referred to the Molecular Medicine Unit from May 2005 to May 2008 were analyzed by PCR and reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) for HBV DNA (n=130) and HCV RNA (n=95) respectively. Results: Of the 130 patients tested, 57 (44%) were positive for HBV DNA. The positive group of patients included 10 renal transplant patients, 4 multiply transfused patients, 4 paediatric patients with lymphoma, and 1 patient with cirrhosis. Six HBV DNA positive patients had negative HBsAg serology profiles indicating the possibility of surface antigen mutant strains. The HBV DNA negative patients with positive serology profiles indicate sero-converted/ patients with resolved infections or false positive serology results. Of the 95 patients tested, 14 (15%) were positive for HCV RNA and included 3 paediatric patients with thalassaemia. HCV RNA negative, anti-HCV positive profiles reflect either false positive serology results (due to less specific antibody assays) or donors who have been exposed to HCV previously and subsequently resolved their infections. Conclusions: A major proportion of patients with serological markers for HBV have active viral infection whereas only relatively a minor proportion of patients with serological markers for HCV have active viral replication. We have also found the first possible evidence of hepatitis B surface antigen mutant strains. This underlines the importance of the nucleic acid based technology in the diagnosis and assessment of infection with or suspected to have hepatitis B or C infections. We also emphasize the importance of introducing NAT for screening donors for HBV DNA and HCV RNA to substantially lower the risk of acquiring HBV/HCV infection from a transfusion.Item Rapid differential diagnosis of dengue and chikungunya infections by multiplex RT-PCR and impact of chikungunya infection on liver biochemical tests(Sri Lanka Association for the Advancement of Science, 2008) Manamperi, A.; de Silva, P.; Ekanayaka, C.; Gunawardene, Y.I.N.S.; de Silva, J.; Weerasena, O.V.D.S.J.; Dassanayake, R.S.