Conference Papers
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This collection contains abstracts of conference papers, presented at local and international conferences by the staff of the Faculty of Medicine
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Item A comparison of serological diagnostic techniques in Dengue fever(Sri Lanka College of Microbiologists, 2005) Gunasekera, H.A.K.M.; Senanayake, C.P.; Sunil-Chandra, N.P.; Mendis, L.INTRODUCTION: The Dengue Duo IgM and IgG Rapid Strip test (PanBio Pvt. Ltd., Brisbane, Australia) is a commercially available immunochromatographic test. The Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS), Bangkok Thailand, has developed an in-house anti-dengue/anti-JE IgM and IgG reference enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). OBJECTIVE: To compare the usefulness of the AFRIMS ELISA and PanBio Dengue Duo IgM and IgG Rapid Strip test (PanBio Strip test) in the diagnosis of dengue infections. MATERIALS AND METHOD: 93 non-bacterial undifferentiated fever cases and 50 suspected dengue fever cases were screened for dengue and JE virus infections by the AFRIMS ELISA and also by the PanBio Strip test for dengue. All cases positive for dengue antibodies by either test were also tested by the Haemagglutination Inhibition test. RESULTS: Results were considered conclusive when at least 2 or all 3 of the above tests agreed. The AFRIMS ELISA had a sensitivity of 91.7% and specificity of 100% while the PanBio Strip test has a sensitivity of 93.8% and specificity of 96.8% in diagnosing dengue infections. 91.7% primary and 91.4% secondary infections were correctly classified by the AFRIMS ELISA. The PanBio Strip test identified 100% primary infections and 65.7% of secondary infections. CONCLUSIONS: The PanBio Strip test has a sensitivity and specificity comparable to the AFRIMS ELISA in diagnosing dengue infections although it tends to underestimate the number of secondary infections.Item Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus in thalassaemic patients and patients who undergo long-term haemodialysis(Sri Lanka College of Microbiologists, 2009) Jayamaha, C.J.S.; Senanayake, C.P.; Manamperi, A.; Chandrasiri, P.; Karunanayake, L.BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major global health problem. Multiple blood transfusions and long-term haemodialysis are associated with HCV transmission. OBJECTIVE: To determine the seroprevalence of HCV in thalassaemic patients and patients who undergo long-term haemodialysis. METHODOLOGY: Study group consisted of 228 thalassaemic patients and 183 patients who undergo long-term haemodialysis. A sample of blood was collected from all the patients and tested for HCV antibody with a third generation ELISA. Repeatedly reactive samples were subjected to one step reverse transcriptase-PCR. RESULTS: Prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies among thalassaemic patients and haemodialysis patients were 3.95% (9/228) and 1.09% (2/183) respectively. Mean number of blood transfusions among anti-HCV positive patients was 139.91 compared to 53.88 in anti-HCV negative patients (p<0.01). Mean number of haemodialysis cycles among anti-HCV positive patients was 197.0 compared to 51.15 in anti-HCV negative patients (p=0.000). In thalassaemic cohort, 52.2% were not screened for either HBV or HCV infection. In haemodialysis cohort this value was 27.3%. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of anti-HCV antibodies was significantly associated with the number of blood transfusions and number of haemodialysis cycles. Screening for viral hepatitis markers was not satisfactory in either cohort. It is recommended that patients be screened for hepatitis B and C viruses prior to dialysis/ transfusion and at specific intervals. Screening donor blood for anti-HCV antibodies should be made mandatory to decrease the HCV infection among multitransfused patients. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: Financial assistance by National Health Research Council & Roche Pharmaceuticals.