ICH 2016
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repository.kln.ac.lk/handle/123456789/14540
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Item Reasons for youth migration in Sri Lanka with emphasis on regular and irregular youth migrants(Faculty of Humanities, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Pingama, A.Many governmental and non-governmental institutions have taken steps in order to create a better future for youth. This includes provision of education, skill development, social inclusion, social equality and overall framework of development. But there is a significant segment of the youth population who are not happy about the available opportunities and choices within Sri Lanka and who are not convinced about a better and safer society for their future. In this research, the migration drivers and tendencies are examined and researched both from a theoretical and empirical point of view with special reference to perspectives and causes for migration of youths of Sri Lanka under the two broad categories of regular and irregular migration within contemporary economic, social, political and cultural backgrounds and its consequences on the country. Many migration theories have been proposed to assess the determinants or explain the underlying phenomenon of international migration. However, international migration is a complex issue with multiple facets. Patterns of international migration change in different communities or countries and continue changing with time and priorities. Therefore, none of the theories seem capable of addressing the issue completely. One single theory may only explain a particular aspect of international migration. It can be realized that different theories are playing a role in international migration. Sri Lankans are migrating to different developed countries because of wage differences (neo-classical theory), collective household decisions (the economics of migration), pull factors of developed countries (the dual market theory), push factors of home countries, social network of migrants (social capital theory), economic, social, and cultural changes brought by migrants (the cumulative causation theory), and recent globalization (Trans-nationalism). However, the study indicates that most of the youth migrate to different countries due to the uncertainty casted upon their future. This study makes major contributions to the existing practice and theory in International Migration of Youth Population of Sri Lanka.Item Buddhist insights for pragmatic environmental conservation as shown in Vanaropa-sutta(Faculty of Humanities, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, 2016) Basnayake, D.S.The lack of environment-related knowledge has led mankind to the misleading idea of considering nature as the total contradiction of development. This has unexceptionally affected environmentalists’ ideas. The hostile approach of environmental activists towards development projects might be beneficial, but not always. It is as harmful as capitalistic values which encourage creating more desires at the cost of nature. When environmentalist organizations work hard for an environment unaffected by development (which is, in fact unrealistic), many others attempt to make their lives more luxurious at the expense of nature. Both people equally hinder the betterment of mankind. Indeed the conflict between nature and culture is not new. The protection of environment should collaborate with a pragmatic and rational basis. How our ancestors worshipped nature out of fear is not the exact model which deserves for the twenty-first century equipped with better scientific and technological advancements. Development and environment should not sacrifice themselves for one another. Instead, both phenomena should be in a delicate balance. The present study shows how this attitude is shown in the Vanaropa-sutta in Saṃyutta-nikāya, an Early Buddhist discourse. In this discourse, the Buddha shows those who plant groves and build things for facilitating others grow their merits. This discourse discloses a kind of environmental activism which is not obstructive to the development for human well-being. It shows nature and man-made creatures can equally be beneficial some times. As a system of thought which encourages a “middle-way” philosophy, it is no wonder that Buddhism advocates a rational, experiential and pragmatic basis of environmental conservation.