Smart Computing and Systems Engineering - 2022 (SCSE 2022)
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repository.kln.ac.lk/handle/123456789/25392
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Item Identifying and Prioritizing Barriers to Adopting GSCM Practices in Sri Lankan Rubber Product Manufacturing Industry(Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Peiris, M. P. P. L.; Kavirathna, C. A.; Wijayanayake, A. N.The rubber industry is one of the leading industries contributing to the Sri Lankan economy, but it is considered an industry with high environmental pollution potential. The competition and customer pressure coming from the international market have further highlighted the need for GSCM (Green Supply Chain Management). Therefore, focusing on GSCM is crucial but, the RPMI (Rubber Product Manufacturing Industry) in Sri Lanka is struggling to adopt GSCM. This study was conducted to identify and prioritize barriers to GSCM adoption in Sri Lankan RPMI and to find out the inter-relationships among barriers and GSCM practices. Through the literature review and expert opinions, eight barriers and five GSCM practices were identified and finalized. DEMATEL (Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) was used to find cause and effect relationships and interrelationships among factors related to each GSCM practice. Findings showed that major existing barriers and their significant interrelationships differed depending on the GSCM practice. Lack of knowledge, skills and expertise, lack of information flow and lack of technology are the major existing barriers to adopting GSCM practices in Sri Lankan RPMI. The findings may assist managers in making better long-term decisions to successfully adopt GSCM practices in Sri Lankan RPMI.Item Identifying the Relationships of Green Drivers, Initiatives and Performance in the Third-Party Logistics Industry in Sri Lanka(Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) De Silva, G. H. L. S.; Kavirathna, C. A.; Wijayanayake, A. N.The growing level of attention towards global warming, non-renewable resources reduction, and pollution reduction force the firms to implement sustainable green initiatives into their supply chains. The green supply chain concept is introduced to alleviate environmental degradation and control air, water, and waste pollution through the adoption of green practices in business processes. In the last few decades, sustainability issues have gained the increasing interest of society. Further, the corporate world has taken sustainable development as a promising criterion for achieving a wealthier world in which natural resources and the environment are preserved for future generations. Despite increasing interest in environmental issues, most industries have considered and addressed green supply chain management and practices. However, a comprehensive and updated assessment of the third-party logistics industry in the literature is still missing. The main objective of this study is to identify the Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) drivers, initiatives, and performances which have a vital impact on reducing the adverse effect on the environment. To implement the GSCM initiatives, a survey was carried out with the experts in the third-party logistics companies in Sri Lanka. This study emphasizes that some factors of green drivers strongly influence the driver-initiative relationship, and the initiative factors strongly influence the initiative-performance relationship. The findings of this study are useful for managers in the supply chain and logistic domain and for policymakers, who could be inspired by the role of drivers in the implementation of GSCM initiatives, and then the initiatives on the level of performance achievable and thereby reduce the global warming and reduce the pollution to the environment.Item Impact of Warehouse Management Factors on Performance Improvement of 3rd Party Logistics Industry(Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Kodithuwakku, P.I.E.; Wijayanayake, A. N.; Kavirathna, C.A.The alarming attention towards the warehousing performance improvement based on different aspects of warehouse management factors has proven to be more critical, especially for the growth of the third-party logistics (3PL) industry. Warehouse performance alleviates discrepancies between warehousing management criteria and performance indicators to assure that the smooth flow of the supply chain aggregates its demanding areas to a satisfactory level. For the last few years, urgent requirements for enhancing improvement have been prominent, especially in the service sector attached with the practical performance in the 3PL industry. Despite analysing the criterion and its effectiveness, identification of the direct relationship between warehouse management factors and how it has impacted the warehousing performance based on the different aspects of indicators in the Sri Lankan 3PL industry, is not yet taken into consideration. This study uses a systematic literature review and expert opinions to identify the key warehousing factors of 3PL industry in Sri Lanka. In total, 12 key success factors were obtained, and those factors were grouped into three categories: operational, economical and environmental factors. A conceptual model is developed to identify the relationship between the warehousing critical success factors and warehousing performance. The study reveals the lack of attention paid to warehouse performance criteria along with warehouse management factors. The findings of this study could inspire the decision-makers who wish to improve the 3PL industry performance while improving warehouse performance in the 3PL industry in Sri Lanka.Item A Model to Optimize the Sales and Purchases Invoice Payments of Working Capital in the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Industry(Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Rathnasekara, J. P. D. T.; Wijayanayake, A. N.; Withanaarachchi, A.Working capital optimization is critical in real business scenarios since it changes dynamically along with complex physical cash flows. In previous literature, working capital payment optimization mainly focused on the cash conversion cycle and cash on hand. In those studies, the objectives were to maximize the profit, maximize on hand cash flow or minimize the cost during the predefined period. However, in most cash maximization models, the time value of the money concept was not addressed. Further, in real-world scenarios, the time value of the money concept mainly affects the working capital and cash flow performances. In the proposed model, the time value of money concept was considered to get actual available cash at present. The objective of this proposed model is to maximize the current value of the money on hand while minimizing the cost within the considered time frame. The model was tested using Python along with CPLEX libraries. This study will be helpful to researchers, academics, and those working in the finance sector of the manufacturing industry to make better decisions on working capital invoice payments.Item Evaluating the Factors that Affect the Reverse Logistics Performance in Plastic Supply Chain(Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Thilakarathne, H. G. K. L. S.; Wijayanayake, A. N.; Peter, S.Reverse Logistics includes all the processes involved in moving goods from their typical final destination to recapture value or for proper disposal. This study aims to identify the factors affecting reverse logistics performance within the plastic supply chains in Sri Lanka and the identification of factors that would facilitate the enhancement of reverse logistics performance. Factors were identified through literature review and by industry experts. Factors were classified under five domains: economic and market factors, knowledge and awareness factors, policy and legislature factors, management and leadership factors, and technology and infrastructure factors. Factors were analyzed using the Partial Least Squares, Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) technique to evaluate their effect on reverse logistics performance. Results of the analysis show that the policy and legislature factors are the only significant factor to affect reverse logistic performance in plastic supply chains in Sri Lanka. All the remaining factors do not show a significant relationship with the reverse logistics performance though they show a positive correlation with the performance.Item Simulation-Based Efficiency Assessment of Integrated First-Mile Pickup and Last-Mile Delivery in an E-Commerce Logistics Network(Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Ranathunga, M. I. D.; Wijayanayake, A. N.; Niwunhella, D. H. H.Logistics operations are crucial in the e-commerce supply chain as they deal with high costs as well as they have a significant environmental impact. The first-mile and last-mile delivery operations in e-commerce logistics are regarded as the operations with the highest costs. As a result, e-commerce service providers are keen to improve their first mile and last-mile delivery processes. Therefore, this study has been conducted to optimize transportation cost and distance of combined first-mile pickup and last-mile delivery operations while meeting some practical requirements such as a variety of package types, package compatibility on different types of vehicles, and a heterogeneous fleet of vehicles. After a careful literature review, this paper introduces a mathematical model to optimize the simultaneous first-mile pickup and last-mile delivery. The proposed mathematical model was simulated in SupplyChainGuru® modelling and simulation software. The study concluded that when first-mile pickup and last-mile delivery are routed simultaneously, rather than distributing and collecting the products as two separate operations, the overall cost is minimized by about 34%, and the distance is reduced by about 42% while reducing the number of vehicles on the route and utilising the maximum possible capacity of vehicles. This simultaneous pickup and delivery will improve the routing of the e-commerce logistic supply chain and will serve as a platform for extending the simultaneous pickup and delivery process to other industries as well.Item Analyzing Factors that Impact on Performance of Pickers in Third-Party Logistics Warehouses in Sri Lanka(Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Prasadika, A. P. K. J.; Wijayanayake, A. N.; Niwunhella, D. H. H.Order picking is the most crucial and expensive operation in a warehouse which affects customer satisfaction and the profitability of the warehouse. Picker is the employee who is responsible for the order picking process. So, picker performance is very important in improving the overall performance of the warehouse. Therefore, identifying the factors that have an impact on the performance of the pickers is advantageous. The main objective of this research is to identify the relationship between factors that has an impact on picker and picker performance through the Partial Linear Square – Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) technique using SmartPLS software. Initially, the most important twelve factors were identified by reviewing the past literature and industry experts’ opinions. They were divided into three main categories based on the characteristics and to reduce the complexity of the model which are picker-related factors, management-related factors, and warehouse-related factors. The data analysis was done in two steps to discover direct and moderator relationships, separately. The product type that the pickers handle is the moderator used in this study. The results of the PLS-SEM analysis show that picker-related factors and warehouse-related factors have a significant impact on picker performance at the significance level of 0.05, while management-related factors have a significant effect on picker performance at the significance level of 0.10. Further, the product type moderates all three relationships. The outcomes of the study help the managers of the warehouses to improve the performance of the pickers so that the overall performance of the warehouse can be improved.Item An Effective Lateral Transhipment Model for A Multi-Location Inventory Setting to Minimize(Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya Sri Lanka, 2022) Kumari, A.G.K.C.; Wijayanayake, A. N.; Niwunhella, D. H. H.Managing inventory levels to ensure on-shelf availability of products is a challenge that retailers face on a daily basis. Even though it is desirable to have additional inventory to ensure the availability of products, it increases the inventory holding cost. Hence, retailers use lateral transhipment as a method to redistribute inventory from a location which has excess inventory to another outlet which faces / will face stockouts. This paper proposes a mathematical model to minimize the total cost through proactive lateral transhipment while reducing the stockouts, significantly. A multi-item, multi-location inventory system was considered, and a cost minimization model was developed based on the tradeoff between the potential gain and the transhipment cost. The model was implemented using Python programming language and validated using a real-world data set from one of the leading supermarket chains. The results from the model have shown that it can reduce the total cost and stockout occurrences significantly.